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Harman History in
Harry Harman always said that he was born in
He was born there in about 1912. T=
he 5th
of 6 children. A 6th child would be born in the
Harry was his American name. I cannot recall his origi= nal first name. The original family nam= e was Garman. According to one of his sisters, the name was changed to Harman as = they came into this country through Ellis Island as they were afraid that is wou= ld be pronounced “German”.
At the end of World War I, Harry’s father Lewis
emigrated to the
The Harmans came to the ci=
ty of
Despite Harry’s having
started in the American school system at the age of 12, he excelled in scho=
ol,
graduated early and went on to get a masters’ degree from the
In 1939 (ca) he married Rose Liff.= They had two sons, Lawrence and Alvin.
EARLY HISTORY OF This became the Jewish quarter of the city. In 1784 th=
ere
were about 5000 Jews in the city. By 1897 the number was 64,000 Jews or 38.=
8%
of the population. The next years saw an increased emigration due to the cr=
owded
conditions in the quarter. The main emigration destinations were The Great Synagogue built in 1663 succeeded the old
Synagogue of 1440 . it was
the street running around the Old Synagogue that became the Jewish Quarter.=
The
Great Synagogue was heavily damaged by the Germans and after the war it was
razed. The Great Synagogue Yard, Vilna, 1920-1930 19th CENTURY Because of the trade guilds, In 1861 the restrictions on where Jews oculd
live were dropped although the population continued to be centered around the Jewish Quarter. A sizeable secular society =
as
well the religious Jewish society Map of 1851 Farm on the =
outskirts
of Vilnius Wlnauer and Kriwa
Streets in the Jewish Quarter WORLD WAR I Street scene in Jewish Quarter ca 1915 Market day i=
n the
square In the Lida Market marketplace on a non-market day After the war, In 1918 at the end=
of the
a . Jewish
porter pulling a sled in the streets of Vilna. Jewish vendors in Vilna. The Jewish Street, =
Vilna,
1920-1930. Entrance to the Jewish quarter ca 1930 Jewish
street in Vilnius The period in between the wars was a time of great cul=
tural
flowering of the Jewsigsh community. It was als=
o a
refuge for Jews from all over Europe and by the start of World War II, the
population was as many as 100,000 which was 54% of the city;s
total population. The Jewish population of WORLD WAR II During WWII, two ghettoes were formed in parts of the =
Jewish
quarters and all Jews were forced into them. At the end of the war,
90% of the Jews of Lit=
huania
had been murdered. TODAY There are very few Jews left in The former Jewish Quarter today.=
span> SOURCES: The virtual Jewish history tour http:=
//www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Vilnius.html History of Jews of http://www.bh.org.il/Communities/Archive/Vilna.asp Why http://www.litvakai.mch.mii.lt/jerusalem/why.htm as well as pictures found b=
y search
on Vilna,
Beth Hatefutsoth Visual Documentation Center<=
br>
Courtesy of Vilnius
Photo taken by the German Army during WW1
Gringras Collection
Photo taken by the German Army during WW1
This is where great-grandma Harman tried to get food to feed her family.<=
o:p>
The Strashun Library was located on the left,=
on
the second floor.
Courtesy of
The inside of the &q=
uot;Torat HaKodesh" syna=
gogue
today
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