Chapter XXVII
Mauch Chunk Township
(Including the Borough of Lansford)
Page 787
Mauch Chunk township was erected Aug. 23, 1827, its
territory being taken principally from East Penn, although a small strip was carved
from Lausanne, and in later years a piece of territory east of the river, equal
to about one-fourth of the original township, was added.
LausanneThe
Landing TavernThe first
dot of civilization placed upon this broad, wild, and mountainous tract, so
entirely forbidding in appearance, yet containing a vast concealed treasure
which, when found, enriched thousands, was at Lausanne. This spot, at the confluence of Nesquehoning
Creek and the Lehigh, was the site of the famous Landing Tavern, which for a
period of many years, dating from very near the opening of the present century,
was a great resort for raftsmen, for surveyors, coal prospectors, hunters, and
the few travelers who found their way through the picturesque but desolate
valley of the Upper Lehigh. The Lehigh and Susquehanna Turnpike Company was
chartered in 1808, and soon after built what was commonly called the Easton and
Berwick road, which, at the mouth of the Nesquehoning, diverged from the
winding river and followed a more direct course over the mountain. The Landing Tavern was doubtless built
about the time the road was opened, and situated at the point where the road
and river diverged, it had as guests all who traveled by either course, its
principal patrons being in the earlier years, the lumbermen and ark builders
of the region, and in later years the stage passengers who journeyed between
Berwick and points on the Lower Lehigh. Abram Klotz was probably the first
landlord of the Landing Tavern; at least, he was the earliest of whom we have
any knowledge. He kept this notable old
house as late as 1817, and his successor was a man named Holland. One Fisher
followed him, and then from about 1825 to 1832 the tavern was kept by John
Rothermel, father of the famous artist.
He was succeeded by John Rumble, and he by Henry D. Miller.
A
post-office was established at Lausanne, and Isaac A. Chapman, who came to this
region during the war of 1812 (see Mauch Chunk borough), has left record that
he was postmaster. Under date of Aug. 5, 1817 he writes in his diary, Rode to
Lehighton to take oath before Justice (John) Pryor as Postmaster at Lausanne.
Lausanne
would doubtless have become the site of a flourishing town had it not been for
the inordinate greed of the man who owned the land. It was the intention of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company to
locate their principal town there, but the price set upon the land was so far
above its real value that they declined to purchase it.
Page 788
The
township has but little history, save that of the operations of the Lehigh Coal
and Navigation Company, and that has been for the most part given in the
history of Mauch Chunk borough. In 1827
the company was assessed on three hundred and forty-six acres of improved land
and on three thousand six hundred and ninety-two acres unimproved, a
grist-mill, three saw-mills, store-house, tavern, furnace, sixteen stone
dwellings, sixteen log and frame dwellings, forty-two horses, thirty-six oxen,
and thirty-six mules. Most of the
improvements and the property, other than real estate, were at Mauch
Chunk. The only persons to whom lands
were assessed in 1827, besides the Coal and Navigation Company, were the
following, among whom those marked with a star (*) were non-residents:
William
Bingham,* 8366 acres.
Johnson
Bloomfield,* 375 acres.
David
Balderton,* 1700 acres.
Mary
Custard,* 140 acres.
Morgan
Custard,* 100 acres.
George
Fogelman, 15 acres.
Samuel
Holland, 80 acres.
John
Lentz,* 200 acres.
John
Metzgar, 300 acres.
Frederick
Miller, one lot.
James
O'Brien, 2 acres.
Mordecai
Pierrol,* 1000 acres.
James
M. Porter,* 172 acres.
Henry
Rhoads, 50 acres.
John
Rothermel, 177 acres.
Paul
Solt,* 137 acres.
Jacob
Weiss,* 1849 acres.
Jacob
Weiss, Jr.,* 100 acres.
Philip
Zept,* 300 acres.
William
Butler, George Fogelman, and Henry Rhoads were the only persons in the township
designated as farmers, and one of them (Butler) was engaged upon a farm which
belonged to the company. This was
either the Union Farm, opened in 1822, or Hackelbernie Farm, upon which
improvements were made in 1823.
The
Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company's PropertyNearly all of the valuable real estate of the township belongs
to the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company, and constitutes their mine
property. This amounts to over six
thousand acres of coal land in what is called the first or great southern field
of anthracite in Pennsylvania. This
basin extends from near the Lehigh on the east to Pottsville, and towards the
Susquehanna, in the neighborhood of Harrisburg, on the west, a distance of
about sixty miles. In breadth it is pretty uniform, the maximum width not
exceeding six or seven miles. The
operations of the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company in this region are
confined to the eastern end of the basin, from Mauch Chunk westward to the
Little Schuylkill River, at Tamaqua, a distance of about eleven miles. The greater part of this property is in
Mauch Chunk township. The thickness of
the coal in the combined veins is forty-two feet, equal to four hundred and
seventy-two million tons, or seventy-one thousand five hundred tons to the
acre. R. P. Rothwell says, "That
the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company possess one of the most magnificent coal
properties in the world cannot be questioned, and that the quantity of coal is
such as to allay all apprehensions for an abundant supply, far into the future,
is indisputable." Another eminent
authority, a geologist, who made a careful examination of the field, has said
that if all of the anthracite coal mined in the United States had been taken
from the Lehigh Company's property, one-half of the vast deposit would still
remain.
Without
entering into the history of the company's operations, which have been quite
elaborately described in the history of Mauch Chunk borough, we will present a
few statistics concerning the business. The following table shows the annual
production of the company's mines from their origin to the present:
Year Tons
1820
...
365
1821
...
1,073
1822
.. 2,440
1823
. 5,823
1824
...
9,541
1825
...
28,393
1826
...
31,280
1827
...
27,770
1828
...
33,180
1829
...
25,110
1830
...
43,000
1831
...
44,500
1832
...
77,292
1833
... 124,508
1834
... 106,500
1835
... 131,250
1836
... 146,738
1837
... 200,000
1838
... 154,693
1839
... 142,507
1840
... 102,264
1841
...
78,164
1842
... 163,762
1843
... 138,826
1844
... 219,245
1845
... 257,740
1846
... 284,813
1847
... 351,675
1848
... 360,619
1849
... 393,807
1850
... 424,258
1851
... 480,824
1852
... 510,406
1853
... 496,905
1854
... 544,811
1855
... 449,812
1856
... 400,425
1857
... 400,715
1858
... 425,896
1859
... 546,816
1860
... 517,157
1861
... 410,877
1862
... 241,837
1863
... 517,259
1864
... 517,180
1865
... 517,025
1866
... 400,000
1867
... 370,204
1868
... 467,126
1869
... 472,410
1870
... 297,471
1871
... 518,800
1872
... 799,654
1873
... 909,373
1874
... 571,945
1875
... 398,042
1876
... 605,660
1877
... 343,700
1878
... 425,194
1879
... 698,131
1880
... 545,161
1881
... 648,147
1882
... 837,968
1883
... 913,916
Total
production in tons
21,311,983
Page 789
The
company has ten collieries in the field.
Eight of these are in the Panther Creek Valley (four in Mauch Chunk
township, and four over the line in Schuylkill County), and there is one
colliery at Nesquehoning, comprising five openings, two tunnels, one shaft,
one slope, and one drift, while there is another with a large screen building
at the north end of the Lansford tunnel.
The company employs three thousand three hundred and fifty men,
distributed as follows:
Colliery No. 3
...
..
..
350
" No.
4
...
..
..
275
" No.
5
...
..
..
250
" No.
6
...
..
..
250
" No.
8
...
..
..
350
" No.
9
...
..
..
450
" No.
10
...
..
..
325
" No.
11
...
..
..
325
" No.
12
...
..
..
225
Miscellaneous
roll
..
. 300
Shops
...
..
..
125
Screen
building
...
..
..
125
Total
...
..
..
3350
These
men and all of the mining operations of the company are under the direction of
W. D. Zehner, superintendent.
The
villages of Summit Hill and Nesquehoning, and the borough of Lansford, of which
we shall presently have more to say, were built up and are maintained entirely
by the mining industry.
SchoolsThe principal schools of the township are
in Summit Hill, Lansford, and Nesquehoning, and will be found under those
headings. The whole number of schools
in the township is fifteen, and the number of teachers sixteen. The whole number of pupils is one thousand
and forty. The total receipts for the year
ending June 4, 1883, were $13,305.39, and the
total expenditures $12,916.53.
The
following is a list of the school directors of the township since the erection
of Carbon County:
1844 Ira
Cortwright, William H. Knowles
1845 Alex. Lockhart, John Lentz
1846 James R. Butler, John Fatzinger
1847 John Lentz, Ira Cortwright
1848 George W. Smith, J. H. Stevens, Jacob S.
Wollar
1849 J.
H. Siewers, Henry Myers, John Fatzinger
1850 Ira Cortwright, G. H. Davis, James
McLean, Nathan
Patterson, Meritt Abbott
1851 Nathan Patterson, Thomas Hughs, James
McLean, Jr., William Woodworth, Meritt Abbott, Charles Packer
1852 Abel Hewitt, Meritt Abbott
1853 James McLean, Jr., W. Woodworth
1854 Zerubbel Thomas, John Andreas, D. W.
Lewis
1855 Dixon Lewis, Samuel Pollock, Abraham
Andreas
1856 Walter Leisenring, Thomas Thomas
1857 J. G. Ohl, Anthony Rouse
1858 William R. Jones, Dixon Siewers,
Jonathan Marsden, Joseph Woodworth
1859 Joseph Woodworth, A. W. Fellows, William
McKeever
1860 Walter Leisenring, James Sweeny, George
H. Davis
1861 Charles Hoffman, Elisha Packer
1862 Josiah McMurtrein, Thomas R. Williams, Thomas
Carr
1863 Thomas R. Williams, Thomas Arner
1864 Anthony Snyder, Elisha Packer
1865 Peter W. Neigh, Josiah McMurtrein
1866 Josiah Williams, Henry C. Smith
1867 Anthony Snyder, Isaac Jones
1868 S. Hill Dut, James Gallagher, J. H.
Kline
1869 Thomas R. Williams, John H. Kline,
William Frigenown
1870 James Smitham, Henry Stark
1871 No record
1872 Barney Philips, Matthew E. Singard
1873 Jenkin E. Jenkin, S. M. Lester
1874 Samuel Nercus, C. F. McCue
1875 Solomon Rickert, William D. Thomas
1876 Benjamin Ross, Samuel F. Keeler
1877 William York, P. W. Neigle, N. M. Grover
1878 J. E. Davis, John Bradwell, Richard
Lynch
1879 John Boyle, Patrick Kerim
1880 Philip Coyle, W. W. Watkins
1881 John Mallory, Francis Dermott
1882 Abraham W. Moser, John McCrealey
1883 Patrick Dermott, Jacob Buss
Justices of the
Peace Following is a list
of the justices of the peace from 1844 to the present. Some of those elected
prior to the incorporation of the borough of Mauch Chunk were residents of that
place:
James R. Butler,
March, 1844
J. K. Pryor, March,
1845
J. A. Boyle, March,
1847
Alexander W.
Butler, March, 1848
Charles E. Haskell,
March, 1849
Alexander W.
Butler, March, 1850
D. B. Brodhead,
March, 1850
Abel Hewitt, March,
1850
Merritt Abbott, March, 1851
Abel Hewitt, March,
1855
Thomas R. Vanhorn,
March, 1856
William McKeever,
March, 1858
Joel C. Lance,
March, 1859
Isaac H. Williams,
March, 1859
Thomas O. German,
March, 1863
Leyshan Thomas,
March, 1863
S. F. Minich,
March, 1864
Peter Newmiller, March,
1865
William McKeever,
March, 1868
George L. Watson, March, 1868
William McKeever,
March, 1873
Thomas R. Williams,
March, 1873
Lewis W. Pryor,
March, 1874
James H. James,
March, 1877
James
Burns, March, 1879.
John
R. Harris, March, 1880
William
Shea, March, 1883
Summit
HillIt was at this place
that Ginter's discovery of coal was made in 1791, and operations commenced by
the Lehigh Coal Company in 1818, as detailed in the chapters on internal
improvements and Mauch Chunk borough.
The town, which had its origin as a mining camp, soon became, and has
since remained, with the exception of Mauch Chunk, the leading centre of
population in the region settled and developed by the Coal and Navigation
Company. The work of the company here,
the construction of the "Switchback'' proper, and of the gravity road now
bearing that name have been quite fully treated in the history of Mauch Chunk,
and we shall therefore in this connection introduce only those topics which are
more purely local in their interest.
A
settlement was established here in 1818, consisting of the company's miners,
but it was not until many years later that the locality presented the
appearance of an established town.
James Broderick seems to have been the earliest prominent resident,
having located here in 1821, and his wife is said to have been the first woman
who had a home in what is now Summit Hill.
Mr. Broderick and wife removed to Mauch Chunk in 1832, but in 1837
returned to the Summit mines, where the former held a position with the firm of
Holland, Lockhart, McLean & Co. until 1843. He afterwards was prominently identified with the coal business
at other points in this general region, and died in 1875.
In
1826, according to the statement made in a carefully prepared history of the
Presbyterian Church, written by the present pastor, there was but one house in
Summit Hill proper, and only four others in the locality, which were west of
the site of the town. They were all log
structures, and that occupied by James Leamon, the "boss" of the
mines, was the only one of the lot which was two stories in height. He had as boarders most of the employees who
had no families.
In
1837 the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company began building extensively for its
employees, and the place assumed the air of a thoroughly established town. It was not, however, until 1847 that lots
were sold and individual enterprise allowed to exercise itself. Among the first
purchasers (in October of the year mentioned) were J. Edward Barnes, Nathan
Patterson, D. D. Brodhead, John Simpson, Jacob Minich, Daniel Minich, Merritt
Abbott, James Denton, and Charles Hoffman.
In 1850, Abram Harris bought a lot, and built upon it a hotel, and in
1851, Alexander Lockhart and Merritt Abbott purchased one, on which they built
a foundry.
The
operation of the mines, the establishment of mercantile houses, and the varied
institutions rendered necessary or growing naturally out of the increase in
population, and consequent enlarged needs, developed in due time a town of good
proportions upon the mountain-top.
According to the census of 1880 the population of Summit Hill proper was
seventeen hundred and sixty-three, while other localities in the election
districtHackelbernie, one hundred and sixty; Bloomingdale, one hundred and
eighty-four; and Jamestown, numbers five and six, six hundred and
seventy-sevenmade the total usually ascribed to the town two thousand seven
hundred and eighty-four.
The
mines here have been, as a rule, operated by the company, for whom Joseph S.
Harris was for many years the superintendent, and was succeeded by W. D.
Zehner, who at present holds that office.
Leasing
and the giving of contracts have been in vogue here to some extent: Holland,
Barber & Co., with their predecessors and successors, being among the
earliest and most prominent contractors, in the list of whom were also included
Daniel S. Bertsch & Co., E. A. Douglass, A. A. Douglass, R. A. and Asa
Packer, Belford, Sharpe & Co., and others.
Capt. McLean and David Williams (the latter the first Welshman here)
were the contractors who "drove" Spring Tunnel, which was perhaps the
beginning of underground mining in this immediate locality. These same men also opened Slope No. 1 in
1850O,which was worked until 1858, when it took fire. After strong and repeated
endeavors to extinguish this underground conflagration, it was abandoned. The" burning mine," as it is
called, is now, after more than a quarter of a century, one of the wonderful
attractions of Summit Hill, and perhaps the most far-famed curiosity of the
region. Many thousands of tons of coal have been consumed in this
slow-smouldering and unquenchable fire, which has, at vast expense, been
finally surrounded with a great ditch cut through the anthracite, that must
some time bring to a close the progress of the devastating element.
The
mines were leased at one period to the Lehigh and Wilkesbarre Coal Company, but
during the greater number of the years which have elapsed since they were
opened they have, as heretofore stated, been operated either by contractors or
directly by the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company.
Of
late years, the direction which mining has taken and other causes, among them
the chief being the building of the Nesquehoning Valley Railroad, have operated
to draw life from the old town on the mountain-top and bestow it upon the
younger rival, Lansford, in the valley, of which, after consideration of some
of the local institutions of Summit Hill, we shall present an account.
Religious
HistoryThe Presbyterian ChurchThe
Summit Hill Presbyterian Church was one of the pioneers among the religious
organizations in the Lehigh coal region.
As early as 1835, Robert Henry, a Covenanter Presbyterian, organized a
Bible class at the boarding-house of Alexander McLean, also a Presbyterian. He
regularly conducted exercises at
Page 791
this house until August, 1836, when James
Edgar, who had in the mean time settled in the community, became a prominent
member of the little band, and from that time the weekly assemblages became
more distinctively prayer-meetings. In
the fall of 1835 the Presbyterian Church of Mauch Chunk was organized, and
among its members were six who were residents of Summit Hill, Alexander McLean
and wife, John Nichol and wife, Robert Craig, and John Style. On the 5th of the following December, Rev.
David X. Junkin, of Greenwich, N. J., with the session, held a service at
Summit Hill, and received eight more persons living here into the membership of
the church. In the same month, Rev.
Richard Webster, for many years thereafter pastor of the Mauch Chunk Church,
began his labors as a missionary of the Assembly's Board of Home Missions, at
Mauch Chunk, Summit Hill, and South Easton.
He supplied this place with preaching every fourth Sunday, and in
December, 1837, received nine more members into the church. On the 23d of that month he administered the
sacrament of the Lord's Supper for the first time in Summit Hill. During the
summer of 1836, Mr. Webster requested a young theological student at Princeton
(Andrew Tully) to come to Summit Hill and teach the day-school, and try to
organize a Sunday-school. He succeeded
in establishing the latter in July, and kept it up during the summer and the
next summer, and that also of 1838; it was revived and superintended by Elder
G. W. Smith, of Mauch Chunk.
At the adjourned meeting of the Presbytery of Newton, held at Beaver Meadow, Feb. 12, 1839, Mr. Webster represented in his report that there were twenty-three members of the Mauch Chunk Church residing at Summit Hill, and that he had for a year or more been preaching as far west as Tamaqua. Thereupon the Presbytery appointed Rev. Garton, of Beaver Meadow, with A. H. Van Cline, an elder of the same church, and Rev. Richard Webster, with G.W. Smith, of Mauch Chunk, as a committee to visit Summit Hill and Tamaqua, and if they deemed it advisable, to organize a church. Agreeably to this appointment they visited this place on April 19, 1839, and organized the Presbyterian Church of Summit Hill and Tamaqua, consisting of twenty-eight members, of whom all but four resided in Summit Hill. Those residing here were Alexander McLean and wife, Robert Nickol and wife, Robert Gage and wife, Andrew Harkin and wife, John Tait and wife, Mrs. Sarah Jane Sampson, Mrs. Margaret Craig, Mrs. Mary Winterstein, James McLean, Matthew Morrison, Jonathan Jolinson, James Knox, John Billingham, James Edgar, Matthew Henry, Joseph Brown, Alexander Brewster and William Henry. Those living at Tamaqua were Mrs. Sarah Heston, Mrs. Maria H. Hunter, Miss Elizabeth McNeil, and George Washington Brown. Messrs. Andrew Harkin and James Edgar were unanimously chosen to the office of ruling elders. On June 8, 1840, Mr. Webster, having extended his diocese as far as Port Clinton, began preaching occasionally at this place. Services were also held during 1841 and a portion of the following year by Elder George Wiggan, of Port Clinton. In June, 1842, Mr. William E. Schenk, a licentiate of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, was employed as a missionary, and for three months he preached on alternate Sundays at Summit Hill. In September of this year the session memorialized the Presbytery to have the congregation divided. Port Clinton and Tamaqua to form a new church and the congregation at this place to retain the name of Summit Hill. A request was also made that Rev. Mr. Schenk be ordained as an evangelist and appointed stated supply. This was not granted, but in December, 1842, Rev. Richard M. Baclean, of the Elizabethtown (N. J.) Presbytery, was employed as stated supply for three months. Rev. Mr. Webster, upon the expiration of that period, again took the church under his charge until the coming of Rev. John H. Rittenhouse, a licentiate of the Presbytery of Northumberland, in June.
He
was succeeded in November, 1843, by Rev. A. G. Harned. He became the first regular pastor of the
church, being ordained and installed May 1, 1844. In May, 1844, the long-desired division of the church was
effected, and from that time it was known as the "First Presbyterian
Church of Summit Hill." In the
following spring the congregation ceased to accept the aid of the Board of
Missions. In February, 1847,
application was made for a charter of incorporation, which, however, was not
obtained until two years later. The
work of building a church was begun in November, 1846, the services prior to
that time having been held in the school-house.
Rev.
A. G. Harned, the first pastor of the church, resigned in the spring of
1856. He was followed, after the lapse
of a year, by Rev. John White. His
pastorate continued until 1872. Rev.
George Benaugh was called in May of the following year, and served the church
until May 1, 1877. Upon October 12th of
the same year the church extended a call to Rev. J. H. Doremus, the present
pastor, who entered upon his labors on the 15th of the following
November, and was installed on the 18th of December. The church edifice was improved and enlarged
to its present ample dimensions in 1871-72, at a cost of about three-thousand
five hundred dollars, and a fine parsonage was built in 1873.
The
society has been quite prosperous, and now has a membership of about two
hundred and fifty persons, while its two Sunday-schools have an aggregate
enrollment of three hundred and twenty-five children.
St.
Philip's Episcopal ChurchThe
first recorded baptism in this parish was performed by the Rev. Peter Russell, Sept.13,
1845, who was at the time missionary in charge of this district of
territory. A parochial organization was
not effected until November, 1849. On
the 22d day of November, 1849, a de-
Page 792
cree of incorporation was granted by the
Court of Common Pleas of the county of Carbon to the petitioners, Rev. Peter
Russell, James Brodric, A. L. Foster, James W. Barnes, Richard Sharp, R. H.
Sayre, George H. Davis, R. H. Barnes, Thomas Wilson, Matthew Dougherty, and
John Stewart, under the name of "The Rector, Warden, and Vestrymen of St.
Philip's Protestant Episcopal Church."
The cornerstone of the church building was laid on the first Saturday
evening in July, 1850, by the Rt. Rev. Alonzo Potter, bishop of the Diocese of
Pennsylvania, assisted by the rector, the Rev. Peter Russell, a large concourse
of citizens and churchmen being in attendance, many of whom came from Mauch
Chunk, with the bishop and rector, to witness the ceremony. The building was completed within the year,
at a cost of $1320.82. The first
rector, the Rev. Peter Russell, a man no less beloved for his Christian virtues
than renowned for his missionary zeal, had charge of the parish until May,
1857, when he was succeeded by the Rev. Joseph A. Stone, who resigned the
rectorship September, 1860, since which time the following clergymen have
administered the parish, viz.: Rev. Hurley Baldy, Rev. William Wilson, Rev. T.
Logan Murphy, Rev. Leighton Coleman, Rev. Chandler Hare, Rev. W. J. Miller,
Rev. R. H. Kline, and Rev. Charles E. Fessenden, present incumbent.
Prior
to Jan. 23, 1881, when the Rev. Mr. Kline became rector of St. Philip's Church,
this parish had always been associated with St. Mark's, Mauch Chunk, or Calvary
Church, Tamaqua, under the same rector.
Since that time it has had no connection with Mauch Chunk or Tamaqua,
the people feeling able to support a rector of their own. The Rev. Mr. Kline resigned Aug. 14, 1881,
and the Rev. Charles E. Fessenden having been called to succeed him, entered
upon his duties December 1st of the same year. In the fall of 1882 extensive improvements
were begun in the church building. The church was raised from its old
foundations; a basement Sunday school room was built; new heater was put in;
new chandelier and lamps were purchased; new pews were obtained for the
auditorium; the walls were calcimined, and other alterations and improvements
made by which the Lord's house was rendered more commodious, more churchly, and
more attractive. The cost of improvements,
contributions, etc., for the year 1883 amounted to $981.97.
St.
Philip's Parish, like all churches planted in mining towns, has suffered
greatly from removals. During its
history many prominent coal operators and other business men and their families
have been connected with this little parish. It has seen days of great
prosperity, and it has seen days of sad decline. Many now grown to manhood and womanhood, and connected with other
religious denominations, were accustomed, when children, to attend the Sunday
school of the " Bell Church," as it was commonly called, because for
many years it was the only church in the neighborhood having a bell to call the
people from their earthly cares to the spiritual duties of the Lord's
sanctuary. This community will always
feel a peculiar love and reverence for St. Philip's, and those at a distance
who worshiped in its sacred courts, long years agone, will not forget the
hallowed associations linked with the name and place.
Present
Vestry,John McMichael, Thomas W. Renshaw (wardens), W. D. Zehner, John W.
Patterson, M. E. Linyard (secretary), E. H. Kistler, M. D. (treasurer), S. F.
Minnick, Casper Ichter.
St.
Joseph's Catholic ChurchIt
appears from the records that in 1826 the Rev. Mr. Fitzpatrick, of the Catholic
denomination and resident in Sunbury, visited this place occasionally. Fathers Cummings and Courtney, from
Pottsville, came here quite regularly for several years, the former prior to
1832, and the latter prior to 1838.
From the latter date until 1842, Rev. Mr. Wainwright, of Tamaqua,
visited the people, after which time came Father Maloney, of the same place,
until 1849. He received ground from the
Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company for the location of a church. Next was Father Haingan, who came in 1849,
and attended the spiritual wants of the people until 1852. During his term of service a small church
was built. Rev. Dr. Manahan was the
first resident pastor, during the years 1852-53. The community was visited
again, until September, 1854, from Mauch Chunk by Father Coffee. Father Basil Shorb became resident pastor in
October, 1854, and remained until August, 1858, being succeeded by Rev. Hugh
Magorien, until Aug. 9, 1866, when Rev. James Kelly assumed charge, and
remained until Nov. 20, 1872, when Rev. John McElroy filled the place until
Jan.18, 1875. Rev. James Brehony served
from then until April 4, 1877, and Rev. James Wynn from then until Sept. 7,
1879. During his administration the present
parochial residence was built. Revs.
Daniel I. McDermott and I. M. Cox, as pastor and assistant, were in charge
until May 9, 1880. On their removal
Revs. John Scanlon and William Craig served until the death of the former, on
the 5th of February, 1882. Rev. Hugh
Garvey, the present pastor, was appointed to succeed Father Scanlon by
Archbishop Wood, and immediately set about the erection of the present
building, the cornerstone of which was laid by Very Rev. M. A. Walsh, V. G., on
the 21st of June following. On this
occasion the sermon was preached by Rev. P. J. Garvey, D. D., then pastor of
St. Peter's Church, Reading, Pa., and at present pastor of St. James Church in
West Philadelphia. The ceremony of the
dedication of the new church was performed on the 10th of December
following by Right Rev. J. F. Shanahan, Bishop of Harrisburg, who also preached
the sermon and administered the sacrament of confirmation to about two hundred
and fifty children; Rev. P. J. Garvey, D. D., being celebrant of the solemn
high mass, assisted by Revs. D. Bows, William Craig, and Rev. John Loughran, of
Scranton, as deacon, subdeacon, and master of ceremonies respec-
Page 793
tively. The pastor, Rev. Hugh Garvey, being
assistant to the Right Rev. Bishop. The
new church is now free from debt, and has a membership of three thousand souls.
Rev. Hugh Garvey continues as pastor, and is assisted by Rev. J. J.
McAnany. A handsome monument has been
erected in the cemetery adjoining the church to the memory of the late pastor,
Rev. J. Scanlon. The congregation owns also a new cemetery about one mile from
town, which was purchased during the administration of the Rev. J. Wynn.
The
Lutheran ChurchThis
congregation was organized in the old schoolhouse about 1853. The members of
the church council were Jacob Mosser, Jacob Herring, Berkhardt Mosser, and Abraham
Miller, and the pastor, Rev. Oberfeld.
Rev. Heilig succeeded Oberfeld. During Heilig's stay the congregation,
with the Reformed, began to build a Union Church (now owned by the Reformed). It was next served by Rev. Grim, and then by
Rev. Beyer. After Beyer left there was no regular pastor for about four years,
the church being served by students from the seminary. William H. Strauss
served the congregation for one year while a student in the seminary, and after
his ordination at Pottsville came here as regular pastor. In the year 1879 the congregation bought the
German Methodist Church, in which, after having repaired it, the congregation
is now worshiping.
St.
Paul's German Reformed ChurchThe
first preaching in the interests of this denomination in this region was at the
schoolhouse in the valley by Bloomingdale.
In 1856, Rev. John Eichenbach, sent out from Allentown by the Synod,
preached at Summit Hill. Among the
first members of the church were Isaac Miller, Jonathan Hallenbach, and Messrs.
Remaly and ____ Miller. Rev.
Eichenbach preached for the congregation about twenty-five years, and was
succeeded by the Rev. Greaffe, from Tamaqua.
The congregation has maintained quite a healthful life, erected a good
house of worship in 1867, and now numbers about one hundred and fifty
members.
SchoolsThere are excellent schools here, conducted
in a building which is a credit to Summit Hill, and probably equal in all
respects to that of any town of similar size in the State. This building was erected in 1875-76. The principal instructors here since 1860
have been as follows: 1861-62, J. H. Dexter; 1863-64, H. C. Smith; 1864-65, E.
L. Tewksberry; 1865-67, J. T. Reinock; 1867-71, J. Ritter; 1871-72, J. E.
Lauer; 1872-73, J. C. Bell; 1873-75, S. Motzer; 1875-79, S. H. Hollinger;
1879-82, W. McLaughlin;1882-83, J. M. Roberts; 1883-84, P. H. McCabe.
NewspapersThe first newspaper here was the Weekly
Intelligencer, issued in 1873 and for two years following by Daniel Eveland and
Robert Harris, of Tamaqua, in which place it was printed. The Summit Hill Independent was issued in
the summer of 1876, and maintained a somewhat precarious life for about six
months. On Oct. 18, 1879, the Summit
Hill and Lansford Record was issued by P. F. Gildea & J. W. Maloy. The first named member of the firm retired
in April, 1880, and Mr. Maloy has since been the sole proprietor, removing the
paper to Lansford in the spring of 1884.
BankingThe Miners' Bank was established in 1873,
with a capital of fifty thousand dollars, in one thousand shares. Anthony Snyder was president and B. W.
Marsey vice president. In October, 1880,
the bank was removed to Lansford, and in April, 1883, was closed, and its
affairs placed in the hands of assignees.
SocietiesSummit Lodge, No. 576, I. O. O. F., was
instituted March 4, 1865, with the following as its first officers: N. G.,
Henry Storch; V. G., William Swank; Sec., I. H. Dexter; Asst. Sec., Balzar
Fink; Treas., Thomas Arner. The lodge has now one hundred and sixty members,
and meets in a hall rented from Samuel Rickert.
Fountain
Encampment, No. 17O, I. O. O. F., was instituted Oct. 10, 1868, with the
following officers: C. P., Thomas G.
Williams; H. P., Thomas Arner; S. W., George Halvey; J. W., Simon Anderson;
Scribe, E. E. Jones; Treas., William Warlow. It now has twenty-five
members.
Summit
Lodge, Daughters of Rebecca, No. 576, was organized Aug. 27, 1872.
Conner
Post, No. 177, G. A. R., was organized March 4, 1869, with S. F. Minich, Jacob
D. Arner, Henry Williamson, B. S. Younker, Samuel A. Wehr, O. F. Kline, George
B. Kent, Thomas C. Williams, Joseph
Williams, Charles Walton, and T. Carlos Williams as charter members. It now has a membership of about thirty.
Carbon
Temple of H. and T., No. 32, was organized April 2, 1867, with the following
officers: J. P. Rowlands, C. T.; M. E. Singard, V. T.; C. E. West, R. H.
Hardel, A. R.; H. C. James, F. R.; W. S. Howells, Treas.; Ed. Minich, U.; J. E.
Jenkin, D.U.; John H. Kline, G.; Thomas Richards, W.; M. E. Singard, D. G.
T. The organization is in a flourishing
condition at the present, owning the property where the hall is.
Anthracite
Council, No. 5, was organized March 12,1868, with the following officers: I. T.
Reinick, C. of C.; C. E. West, S. of C.; M. E. Singard, J. of C.; J. A.
McMurtrie, B. of C.; C. F. Kline, M. of C.; Thomas Whilden, P. of C.; P.
Rowlands, Treas. of C.; James Gready, D. M.; Joseph Pollock, M.; M. E. Singard,
D. G. C. of C.
Carbon
Lodge, No. 202, Knights of Pythias, was instituted Oct. 25, 1869, with charter
members as follows: S. F. Minich, M. E. Singard, William Swank, Ed. Minich,
Thomas Whilden, J. D. Arner, Robert W. Cready, Gideon Moser, William Warlow,
and twenty-five others.
The
Knights of Honor were instituted Aug. 25, 1879. Charter members: S. H.
Hollinger, T. W
.
Page 794
Renshaw. William Swank, George
Winterstein, W. W. Radcliff, E. W. Moister, Samuel Rickert, Joseph Forrest,
Robert Ross, Benjamin Flemming, E. H. Kistler, W. T. Ratcliff, W. H. Evans, S.
F. Minich, M. E. Singard, John Leese, James Leese, James Ballentine, John
Bogle, Samuel Hogg, J. C. Putter, Samuel McNeal, Jr., W. D. Zehner, W.
Clements, Joseph S. Patterson, James Singard, Moses Neyer, C. W. Swank, Thomas
McCready, Robert Derby. One death has
occurred since its organization, and the company paid the amount of insurance
promptly.
The Junior Templars (formerly Cadets of H.
and T.) were organized April 6, 1882,with the following officers: John L.
McMichael, W. G.; James Hughes; 1st Gov.; William McLaughlin, 2nd
Gov.; William Swigel, 3rd Gov.; Lewis Finley, F. R.; James Neyer, A.
R. R.; Elmer Neyer, A. U.; A. Starch, G. A.; C. Butler, G. V. A.; U. S.
Renshaw, R.; H. Williamson, A. R.; Harry McKiever, L.; William Tarlton, I. W.;
M. E. Singard, D. G. G.; B. W. McKiever, O. P.; and sixty-four charter
members.
A lodge of the Independent Order of Good
Templars was organized May 22, 1882, with the following officers: James Swigel,
W. C. T.; Miss B. M. Kline, W. V. T.; Wilson Crawford, Chap.; Robert McMichael,
Sec.; Alexander Flemming, Asst. Sec.; James L. Singard, F. S.; Alice Bogle,
Treas.; Thomas Walton, M.; Annie L. Singard, D. M.; S. Davis, I. G.; James
McGee, O. G.; Saddle Richards, R. S.; Ella Houser, L. S.; Robert Derby, P. W.
T.
LansfordThis young but thriving borough, to which has been applied the
middle name of Hon. Asa Lansford Foster, had its origin in two mining
settlements, known as Ashton and Storm Hill, which might be considered as the
homes of the overflow population of Summit Hill, or perhaps, more properly, as
settlements resulting from new operations in coal after the exhaustion of the
"Summit" mines had been apprehended.
The town is located on the plateau which forms the first terrace above
Panther Creek Valley in the ascent of the mountain, on which is situated Summit
Hill. "Storm Hill" was the
name given the locality, which can now best be designated as the eastern part
of Lansford. It was so named from the
fact that a house built here by Peter Fisher was blown over during a great
storm. The name of Ashton was applied
to the cluster of houses in what is now the western part of Lansford.
Mining operations were begun in Panther Creek
Valley, in the vicinity of Ashton, in 1844, when Tunnels 3 and 4 were
driven. Tunnels 5, 6, and 7 were begun
in 1845. In 1846 the Panther Creek
Railroad and the planes began to carry coal from the valley to the summit,
whence it was conveyed to the Lehigh, as narrated in the history of Mauch Chunk
borough.
The growing importance of the new mines, the
building of the Nesquehoning Valley Railroad, the cutting of the tunnel through
the mountain to Panther Creek, and the favorable location of the town led to
the rapid growth and finally to the incorporation of Lansford.
Among the early settlers were Jonathan
Hallenbach, Peter Fisher, Hugh Gallagher, Josiah Williams, Richard Malcom, John
McHugh, Peter McGee, Ignatius Teufel, Taylor Edwards, Morgan Price, John D.
Williams, James M. Jones, E. Weber, Joseph Downs, Thomas W. Williams, Shadrack
Walkins, William Y. Evans, John Scott, William Hines, and Frank Dermot.
Daniel Bertsch, and Fellows & Van Horn,
kept here at an early day the company stores.
Prominent among the merchants of the present
day, and the oldest of the borough, are Edwards (J. C.) & Thomas (Albert
J.), A. M. Neumiller, Charles Kline, Reese Watkins, Howell Evans, E. Warren
&Co., John O. Quinn, D. R. Davis, D. J. Mathew, D.R. Hughes, William Y.
Evans, Mrs. G. Bynon and C. C. Edwards.
The Mansion House, the principal hotel of
the town, was built by G. H. Holney in 1877, and has been kept by John Frace,
A. Oberholtzer, Nathan Klotz, and H. O. Klotz, his son, the present
landlord.
W. D. Zehner, superintendent of the Lehigh
Coal and Navigation Company's mines, has his office here, as has also the
assistant superintendent, Gouverneur Morris.
The company's shops for the manufacture of
cars, breaking machinery, engines, etc., were built here in1870-71. They employ
in seasons of activity as many as two hundred men, and never less than half of
that number.
IncorporationThe borough of Lansford was incorporated in
1877. Following is a list of its principal officers from that time to the
present:
Burgesses
1877William Y. Evans
1878William Y. Evans
1879Herman Rieber
1880Morgan Price
1881Herman Rieber
1882Josiah Wehner
1883Charles Walton
Council
1877Reese Watkins, Neal McGinty, Frank
Zehner, Abraham Morgan, Morgan Price
1878Neal McGinty, D. R. Edwards, Samuel
Sterrit, John Hite, James Gallagher, Howell Evans.
1879Frank Zehner, J. D. Kelly, D. W.
Griffith, Jerry F. Werner, John McNeIlis, Jacob Alberton
1880James Gallagher, George Halvey, Charles
Burns, Albert Thomas, Philip Portz, Henry Bacon
1881J. W. Davis, D. M. Jones, C. F. Kline,
D.M. Williams, Robert Stewart, Henry Bacon
1882.Edward Jenkins, David W. Griffith, J.
W. Mallory, Daniel Cummyton, Nathan Tanner, James Gallagher
Page 795
1883.James Blackburn, Thomas Whilden, John
Jeffreys, Charles Kline, A. J. Weyhenmyer,
J. O. Edwards
1877.William
D. Thomas
1881.Thomas
W. Williams
School Directors
1877N.
G. Hyndman
1878Benjamin
Gwylam, William A. Miller, George Boyle
1879William
H. Arner, Neal McGinty
1880Hugh
Edgar, T. D. Reese
1881B.
H. Davis, Daniel Houser
1882John
Pollock, Benjamin Gwylam
1883Thomas
R. Williams, Nathan Tanner, J. A. Quinn
SchoolsThe schools were under the management of the
township authorities until 1877, and were only partially graded in 1878, when a
large, convenient, and handsome school building, capable of seating over six
hundred pupils, was erected. Mr. L.
Huber was the first principal of this new school, followed by Mr. A. G. O.
Smith and D. F. Smith. The school is divided into eight grades, and has
facilities for giving pupils a thorough English education.
ReligiousThe
Welsh Congregational ChurchThis
church was organized in the year 1848, with Messrs. John Morgan and Lewis
Evans, deacons; D. J. Evans, secretary; William Watkins, leader of the
choir.
A
church building was erected in 1850, at the corner of Abbott Street. The following have been here as pastors:
Revs. William Thomas, of Kansas; John M. Thomas, of Alliance, Ohio; Thomas
Pugh, of Missouri; Thomas G. Jones (Tafalaw), Arvonia, Kan.; J. V. Jones, of
Bevier, Mo.; B. Morlais Hughes, of New Castle, W. T.
The
following began their career as preachers in this church: Revs. D. E. Hughes,
of Coaldale; Lewis D. Evans and R. W. Jenkins, of Maine; and G. Roberts, of
Dawn, Mo. Present membership, one
hundred; Sunday school, one hundred.
Many
useful men as Christians and citizens have risen here, such as Messrs. John D.
Evans, of Chester, N.J.; Thomas D. Jones, of Ebensville, Pa.; Dr. J. J. Thomas,
of Youngstown, Ohio; D. H. Lewis, of
Lansford; D. E. Jones, of Coaldale.
Those who have been here for a
few years and have left for other places are Messrs. Thomas Phillips and Thomas
Eynon, of Scranton; Dr. D. E. Evans, of
Plymouth; Messrs. Thomas Evans, of Gibson;
W. W. Williams, of Utica, N. Y.; as well as the late Messrs. Jenkin
Richards, of Lansford; John W.
Williams, of Mahanoy; Evan E. Jones, of Coaldale; Abraham Jones, of
Blossburg, Pa.; David Evans, of Lansford; and Rhys Morgan,
of Tamaqua. Several of those who were here when the church was organized are
members here yet, such as Mr. and Mrs. Williams, of the post office; Mr. and
Mrs. Matthews, Mr. Jenkins, of Coaldale; Mrs. Josiah Williams, Mrs. John
Williams, Mrs. Margaret Hughes, of Summit Hill; and Mrs. Jenkin Richards.
The
present officers are: Pastor, Rev. John Edwards; Deacons, Messrs. Josiah
Williams, D. W. Griffiths, Thomas W. Williams, Thomas Evans, and Thomas M.
Davis; Leader of the Church Choir, Mr. Morgan Evans; of the Sunday-school
Choir, Mr. Thomas D. Reese; Secretary, Mr. D. H. Lewis; Organists, Messrs.
Willie Whelldon and Evan E. Jones; Superintendent of the Sabbath-school, Mr.
Thomas Evans; Trustees, Messrs. Charles Powell, Jonathan Richards, Thomas M.
Davis, Josiah Williams, and Morgan Evans.
English
Congregational ChurchThis
church was organized April, 1872, by Rev. E. B. Lewis, Pottsville, with
membership of between fifteen and twenty.
The deacons at the time were Messrs. George Phillips, John Fawks
(clerk), and Mr. Thomas W. Griffiths.
The present building was erected (which measures forty by sixty feet) in
1881. The laying of the cornerstone
took place September 22d of the same year by Rev. Dr. Bevan, then of New York,
now of London. The church was opened by
Rev. Henry M. Storrs, of New York, Feb. 25 and 26,1882, and dedicated April 12,
1882, Rev. Henry Ward Beecher officiating.
Officers
of the church at the time of dedication: Deacons, Messrs. Thomas Evans, Wm.
Morgan (clerk), and W. C. Henry. For the present: Pastor, John Edwards; Deacon,
W. O. Henry; Clerk, John L. Lewis; Trustees, Messrs. J. E. Lauer, Wm. T.
Williams, and A. B. Watson; Organist, Mr. Charlie Portz. Attending the
congregation are some prominent singers, Mr. W. L. Evans, who leads the
congregational and choral singing; Mr. John E. Jeffreys, who leads the Sunday
school choir. The congregation numbers
two hundred or more, and the Sunday school averages over one hundred. Rev. E. T. Griffiths is the present pastor.
Previous to him were pastors of the Welsh Church as well.
The
Evangelical AssociationIn
1872, Rev. B. F. Bohner, in charge of Mauch Chunk and Summit Hill Churches, preached
here occasionally and organized a Sunday school with the following officers:
William Weber, superintendent; E. Moser, assistant superintendent; Solomon
Bachman, secretary; Nathan Sold, librarian; William Arner, assistant librarian;
and William Hollenbach, treasurer. No class was organized until February, 1874,
when Rev. S. C. Breyfogel, pastor of Barnesville Circuit, preached here. A great revival was the result, and a class
was organized with E. Moser as leader, and Samuel Heffelfinger, exhorter. The services were held in one of the public schoolhouses until the year 1879.
The class appointed J. F. Werner, Esq. (leader at the time), and E. Moser
(exhorter) a committee to buy the schoolhouse at the corner of Centre and
Abbott
Page 796
Streets, which was fixed up and is still
used as a meeting-house of the society.
The class now numbers twenty-six members,
with J. F. Werner, Esq., as leader, and the Sunday school has one hundred and
fifty members, with J. F. Werner superintendent and William Garmley
assistant. Rev. H. M. Wingert is the
preacher in charge of Tamaqua.
SocietiesAshton Lodge, No. 430, K. of P., was chartered June 4, 1874,
with A. Thomas, G. Evans, D. Morgan, T. Malkin, J. Fox, W. Sterrett, S.
Sterrett, T. McCreely, W. P. Hall, and Z. Llewellyn as its original
members. The present officers are: C.
C., William W. Thomas; V. C., David James; P. C., F. Adams; M. A., Thomas J.
Davis; Sec., James Blackburn; M. of F., William D. Richards; M. of E., David D.
Lewis.
Lansford Lodge, No. 975, I. O. O. F., was
organized June 9, 1880, with the following charter members: John Davis, John
Fawkes, Edwin Llewellyn, Thomas P. Thomas, John C. Edwards, William W. Thomas,
John Jeffries, William W. Richards, John Hill, Thomas M. Davis, James Day, John
D. Evans, David D. Lewis, David M. Morgan, Thomas C. Williams, William H.
Thomas, B. R. Davis, Thomas J. Thomas, Thomas Evans, R. W. Griffiths, Thomas M.
Whilden, William T. Giles, George W. Halvey, Morgan Price, Jonathan Richards,
William D. Thomas, James Fry, William P. Hall, Philip Portz, and Archibald
Reeves. The lodge has now one hundred
and twenty-two members, with the following officers: N. G., A. M. Neumiller; V.
G., Morgan T. Davis; Sec., Edwin Gwillym; Asst. Sec., T. J. Williams; Treas.,
J. C. Edwards.
NesquehoningThis is the second in age of the Lehigh Coal
and Navigation Company's mining towns, and is the third in importance in this
township or county. According to
entries in the old account books of the company, the first house was built here
in 1824 for Thomas Kelley. The Room Run gravity road was built in 1830.
When the Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company
decided upon laying out a town here they published in an advertisement in the
principal newspapers of Eastern Pennsylvania, which contained the
following: The Lehigh Coal and
Navigation Company offer for sale a variety of building lots in the town of
Nesquehoning. This town is situated in the Nesquehoning Valley, within half a
mile of the coal-mines on Room Run, four and one half miles by a railway from
the coal landing at Mauch Chunk, forty miles from Catawissa, and thirty miles
from Berwick, on the Susquehanna. The
ground is very favorable for a town plot, and a number of buildings are already
erected. It being in the immediate
vicinity of the greatest anthracite coal region now known, and on the only
ground near it adapted for a town, will no doubt secure a speedy and extensive
settlement. For terms apply to Josiah
White, acting manager, at Mauch Chunk."
This advertisement was dated Sept.19, 1831. Enoch Lewis was at that time surveying the plot.
The town had so far progressed that in 1832,
when the centennial anniversary of Washington's birth came around, a very
successful celebration was had, to which the people of Mauch Chunk, Lehighton,
Lausanne, and other places were invited.
The gathering was at the house of N. Allen, and a great dinner was
served there at four o'clock in the afternoon.
This locality was originally known as
"Hell's Kitchen," or "the Kitchen." The first lease was taken by Packer, Harlan
& Co., in which firm A. A. Douglass took the place of Mr. Harlan in
1847. J. and R. Carter entered the
firm in 1852. By 1857 the firm had
become Douglass, Skeer & Co.
Messrs. E. A. Packer and Robert Lockhart were identified with it. Mr. Douglass went out in 1865, and the firm
closed its affairs in 1867, being known at the last as Linderman & Skeer.
The Coal and Navigation Company now has five
openings in this locality, two tunnels, one shaft, a slope, and a drift. The number of employees is about three
hundred and fifty. R. Eustis is the
local superintendent, having succeeded James Smitham in 1876, and he has been
in the employ of the company since 1852.
Nesquehoning has good schools and a church
of the Methodist denomination.
SchoolsThe present school building was erected in 1882, at a cost of
about five thousand five hundred dollars.
It has four rooms, three of which are well furnished and are
occupied. The number of pupils is about
two hundred. The present principal is
W. McLaughlin. Following is a list of
the principal instructors since 1860: W. Burke, 1861-62; M. H. Pope, 1863-64;
Mr. Harris, 1864-65; W. A. Williams, 1866-67; J. N. La Rue, 1867-68; W.
Burnham, 1868-69;A. H. Berlin, 1869-70; M. J.
Corse, 1870-72; S. H. Hollinger, 1872-75; W. Sterret, 1875-76; S.
Motzer, 1876-77; J. H. Landis, 1877-78; P. H. McCabe, 1878-81; Hon. M. Cassiday
and Charles Allen, 1881-82; P. H. McCabe, 1882-83; W. McLaughlin, 1883-84.
The Methodist Episcopal Church was organized on March 2, 1863. The
preacher in charge was Rev. Henry H. Davis; the local preacher, David
Trevarrow; and the stewards, William York, _____ Isaas, _____ Janes, Jonathan
Marsden, William Swank, Robert D. Spence, and George L. Watson. The preachers in rotation who have served
here have been Rev. H. H. Davis, two years; _____ Stechter, one year; S. H.
Risdon, one year; _____ Chriss, one year; J. T. Swindell, two years; J. W.
Bradly, two years; _____ Condry, one year; G. J. Conoway, one year; _____
Cooper, one year; R. Drake, one year; _____ Merely, one year; J. H. Sampson,
one year; David Wiangert, one year; H. L. Reese, two years; and C. R. Cook,
three years.
*********************************************************************
From
The History of the Counties
of Lehigh & Carbon, Commonwealth of Pennsylvania,
by
Alfred Mathews & Austin
N. Hungerford
Published in Philadelphia, Pa., in 1884
Transcribed from the
original in the summer of 2002 by
Eleanor F. Miley
Web page by
October 2002