Researching Strong(e)s and Strang(e)s in Britain and Ireland; 2nd Edition
STRONG/STRONGE/STRANGE/STRANG/LeSTRANGE & ARMSTRONG DNA RESULTS
                                 
This page has several parts; please click on the part you wish to review:                  
Ad
A) STRONG/STRONGE/STRANGE/STRANG/LeSTRANGE & ARMSTRONG DNA RESULTS - Chart
               
B) The Most Common Marker Values of Y-Chromosome Results by Haplogroups                      
C) Comparison  with Strong examples:  
D) Interpreting Results:  
E) Grouping of Test Results:  
F) Development of Findings based on Test Results:  
G) End of Page  
                                 
B) The Most Common Marker Values of Y-Chromosome Results by Haplogroups  
 
From: Y-Chromosome Haplogroups
The haplogroups HG1, HG2, HG3 are part of an older classification system that was used when less was known about the human Y-chromosome tree.
From: http://freepages.genealogy.rootsweb.com/~dgarvey/DNA/RelGen/YCC.html :
"In 2002 the Y Chromosome Consortium (YCC) came out with a new classification system to standardize the way haplogroups are named. In the
new system the main branches are assigned letters - from A through R. HG1 and HG3 just get new names -
HG1 is named as a sub-branch of the letter R known as "R1b", and
HG3 is in another sub-branch known as "R1a".  
"The situation with HG2 is more complex. It turns out that several very different branches of the human Y-chromosome tree had been lumped together under the label "HG2". In Europe, the HG2s included members of the F, G, I, and J branches."
 "     Haplogroup "I" is found in Central and Eastern Europe, but also accounts for almost all the HG2s in Northern Europe and the British Isles.  
Haplogroup "I" is thought to stem from a group (Gravettian culture) that arrived in Europe from the Middle East about 25,000 years ago. The
Gravettian culture was "known for its Venus figurines, shell jewellery, and for using mammoth bones to build homes".  See: http://www.abc.net.au/science/news/stories/s211738.htm  
 "    The other parts of HG2 - Haplogroups F, G, and J - are more common in Southern and Eastern Europe. They are believed to be the descendants of the Neolithic farmers from the Middle East who were the first to practice agriculture in Europe about 8000 years ago."
From: The Y-Chromosome Consortium: 
http://ycc.biosci.arizona.edu/nomenclature_system/frontpage.html
(See Tables 1 & 2)
Haplogroup J includes sub-clades, some of which may be of varying ethnic origins such as "Krasnador/Adygean", "Multan/Pakistani", "Jewish", etc.
(The old Cohen Modal Haplogroup, HG9, is included within new YCC Haplogroup J).  
Ad,Ad,Ad
 
            DYS#s:
          3 3       3   3   4 4             4 4 4 4
Haplotypes 3 3   3 8 8 4 3 4 8 3 8 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6
  YCC 9 9 1 9 5 5 2 8 3 9 9 9 5 9 9 5 5 4 3 4 4 4 4 4 4
  Nomenclature 3 0 9 1 a  b  6 8 9 i  2 ii  8 a  b 5 4 7 7 8 9 a b c d
HG1 => R1b   Anglo-Saxon-Germanic   13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 29 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 16 16 18 18
HG3 => R1a   Norse-Russian   13 25 15 10 11 14 12 12 10 13 11 31                          
HG2 => I   Gravettian     13 23 15 10 14 14 11 14 11 12 11 28 15 8 9 11 11 23 16 20 29 13 15 16 17
  => G                 11                                    
  => F                 11                                    
  => J    Middle Eastern                 11             Best Guess Roper data                  
HG9 =>           12 23 14 10     11 16     11     9 9 11 11                  
HG16 => N3   Siberian   14 23 15 11     11 12     14                            
HG21 => E3b   African   13 24 13 10     11 12     11                            
HG26 => K   13 23 13 10     12     12                              
HG35 => H   Punjabi > Gypsy                                            
                                 
1) If you have a value of "11" at DYS426 then you belong to haplogroup 2 (HG2).                                      
2) If you have a value of "12" at DYS426 and a value of "11" at DYS392 then you are a member of HG3.    
3) If you have a value of "12" at DYS426 and DON'T have a value of "11" at DYS392 then you belong to HG1.  
4) If you have values of DYS426=11 and DYS388=12 then you may belong to HG16 or HG21.  
5) The following values for the markers shown are apparently typical for the Haplogroups shown, per David Roper, ""
Y-Chromosome Haplogroups http://www.roperld.com/HaplogroupFamilies.htm
Haplogroups  19(394) 388 390 391 392 393
    hg 9 14 16 23 10 11 12      
    hg 16 15 12 23 11 14 14      
    hg 21 13 12 24 10 11 13      
    hg 26 13 12 23 10 12 13      
From: Y-Chromosome Markers Families Comparisons by Dr. David L. Roper
http://www.roperld.com/ycomparison.htm
"One can compare the medians for the paleolithic and neolithic groups:
  393 390 19(394) 391 385a 385b 426 388 439 389-1 392 (389-2)- 458 459a 459b 455 454 447 437 448 449 464a 464b 464c 464d
Marker (389-1)
Name  
(prefix DYS)  
Paleolithic 13 24 14 11 11 14 12 12 12 13 13 16 17 9 10 11 11 25 15 19 29 16 16 18 18
Median
Neolithic 13 23 15 10 14 15 11 14 11 12 11 16 15 8 9 9 11 24 16 20 29 13 15 16 16
Median
Difference 0 1 -1 1 -3 -1 1 -2 1 1 2 0 2 1 1 2 0 1 -1 -1 0 3 1 2 2
"Note that the two markers with the greatest difference are DYS385a (-3) and DYS464a (+3).
"When data for a new family becomes available, I use these two markers to decide if a family belongs to paleolithic group 2.  
"If a new family does not fit in paleolithic group 2, then I calculate the relative mutations of all 25 marker for it with the several paleolithic and neolithic groups.
"Paleolithic families are those that entered Western Europe, Britain and Ireland before about 7000 ybp; those that entered later are called neolithic families. (The neolithic age was in the approximate time interval of 7000-4000 ybp.)
76% of the families are paleolithic. (ybp = years before the present)
There is a very interesting article entitled "" Blood Groups and the history of peoples", found at the following hyperlink:    http://www.dadamo.com/napharm/store3/template2/encyclopedia.html
There seems to be a link between the blood group one belongs to and whether one is of paleolithic origins () Blood Group "O", or neolithic origins (Blood Groups A and B), while Group Blood Group AB is of relatively modern origins.
It may be that certain Blood Groups are associated more with certain Haplogroups than with others.   W s. the degree of correlation may yet remain to be determined.
The correlation between Blood Groups and Haplotypes may also be a function of mtDNA rather than of the Y-Chromosome DNA being studied here.
C) Comparison  with Strong examples:
Per an analysis done by Stuart Baillie Strong, with a few edits and additions by Dave Strong:                      
Lineages Kit Name See Notes Migration Pattern & Sub-lineages Haplotype Steps of Genetic Distance from HG Values in 25 Markers Steps of Genetic Distance from HG Values in 12 Markers # of matches with Haplotype table Kit                                    
HG1=R1b See *** See*** Out of 12 % Out of 25 %                                    
12 25                                    
Norman? 6491 23 10 3 25% 9 38% 6491                                    
                                                                   
New England 6811 Strong   Dorset> MA / EJ>John,Jr     HG1   5 2 10 83% 20 80% 6811                                    
  7257 Strong   MA>             / EJ>Jedidiah     HG1   5 2 10 83% 20 80% 7257                                    
SW England 5858 Strong #3 OH>OK>TX     HG1   5 2 10 83% 20 80% 5858                                    
  6746 Strong   Hamps?, NFLD     HG1   8 3 9 75% 17 68% 6746                                    
                                                                   
Shetland, Scotland 5825 Strong   SCT>ENG>BE   HG1   9 2 10 83% 16 64% 5825                                  
                                                                   
  8314 Strong   VA>TX   /-John,Sr>John   HG1   5 2 10 83% 21 88% 8314                                  
  6809 Strong   VA>MD     HG1   7 4 10 83% 21 88% 6663                                    
Southern 5834 Strong   VA>TN   /-John,Sr>William   HG1   6 3 9 75% 19 79% 5834                                    
  6663 Strong   VA>TN   /-John,Sr>William   HG1   6 2 10 83% 19 79% 6436                                  
  6436 Strong   IN     HG1   6 2 10 83% 19 72% 6809                                    
                                                                   
Norfolk 7036 Strong #4 VA>MS>TX   HG1   10 5 7 58% 15 60% 7036                                    
                                                                   
Irish 7544 L'Estrange #5 IRE>AUST   HG1   7 1 11 92% 18 72% 7544                                    
                                                                   
Scotland 8881 Strange   SCT>ENG     HG1   4 4 9 75% 21 88% 8881                                    
Pennsylvania 6680 Strong   PA>MI     HG1   8 3 8 75% 17 68% 6680                                    
                                                                 
Sligo 6822 Strong   IRE     HG1   12 3 9 75% 13 52% 6822                                    
Borders 7548 Strong   SCT? & ENG   HG1   8 3 9 75% 17 68% 7548                                  
Monaghan 8920 Strong   IRE>ON     HG1   8 3 9 75% 17 68% 8920                                    
Ulster 9014 Strong   IRE>ON>ND>CA     HG1   8 3 9 75% 17 68% 9014                                    
Antrim,  6256 Strong   IRE>NZ>AUST   HG1   NA 5 7 58% NA NA 6256                                    
Down &   6386 Strong   IRE>SC>IN>MS   HG1   NA 4 8 67% NA NA 6386                                    
South Carolina                                                                
                                                                   
Donegal & 6643 Strong   IRE>PA     HG1   12 5 7 58% 13 52% 6643                                    
Fermanagh 5811 Strong #7 IRE>ON>BC>WA   HG1   10 3 9 75% 15 60% 5811                                    
  6761 Strong   IRE>ON>BC>ON     HG1   11 4 8 67% 14 56% 6761                                    
  8431 Strong   IRE>ON>AUST   HG1   11 4 8 67% 14 56% 8431                                    
                                                   
France   6611 Strang   FR>NJ>     HG2=I   11 4 7 58% 16 64% 6611                                    
                                                                   
Norman ? 6491 Strange #1, #2 ENG>VA>     If HG2   23 10 2   2   6491                                    
Norman ? 6491 Strange #6 ENG>VA>     If J2   UnKnown           6491                                    
                                                                   
                                   
                                   
"Half of the men in HG1 will match with 19 [79%]or more of the values given in the HG1 tables."                                      
"The members of HG1 are thought to be the descendants of the Paleolithic hunter-gatherers who arrived in Europe before the last Ice Age about 40,000 years ago".                                         
  See: Aurignacian Culture                                        
                                   
"Half of the men in HG2 will match with 15 [63%]or more of the values for HG2."                                      
"HG2 is most common in Southern and Central Europe, but that haplogroup is also often seen in those of Anglo-Saxon and Scandinavian descent."                                  
                                   
                                   
"The haplogroup HG3 is seen more frequently on the eastern side of Europe (9% of the population of Turkey is HG3). But HG3 is also common in Scandinavia, and is said by some to be indicative of Viking blood when seen in paternal lines originating in the British Isles. The forefather of all HG3's is thought to have been born in the Ukraine during the last Ice Age about 15,000 years ago."                                    
                                   
Results:                                    
a) Most, but not all, of the results for groups II, III, and IV  SW England, Southern, & Scotland                                      
 matched at least 79% of the values given in the HG1 tables.                                      
                                     
b) None of the results for groups V and VI matched at least 79% of the values Donegal & Fermanagh, and Antrim, Down, & SC matched 79%   of the values                                      
given in the HG1 tables.  Perhaps this indicates something common to them all.                                      
                                   
c)  Neither of the two HG2 haplotypes matched 63% of the values for HG2.                                      
                                   
d) None of the results matched HG3, the so-called "Viking" Haplogroup.                                      
                                   
                                   
                                   
                                                                   
This page has several parts; please click on the part you wish to review:                                              
Ad,Ad
A) STRONG/STRONGE/STRANGE/STRANG/LeSTRANGE & ARMSTRONG DNA RESULTS - Chart
                                           
B) The Most Common Marker Values of Y-Chromosome Results by Haplogroups                                                  
C) Comparison  with Strong examples:  
D) Interpreting Results:  
E) Grouping of Test Results:  
F) Development of Findings based on Test Results:  
G) End of Page