The Merriam family was founded in America by Joseph Merriam, of the county of Kent, England, who arrived in Charlestown habor in 1638. The family in England are recorded in Sussex county as early as 1295, and in Kent county they date from 1327 under the various spellings: Meryam, Merrham, Meryham and Merriam. The meaning of the word is "pleasant home." Ham, as a terminal, meaning in the Saxon, home village or dwelling.

(I) William Merriam, with whom this record begins, was of county Kent, England, a "clothier." The family home was at Hadlow. He married, and is known to have had a family of eight.

(II) Joseph, son of William Merriam, of Hadlow, was born in Kent, England, about the year 1600. He married Sara, daughter of John Goldstone. He was a "clothier" and possessed of sufficient capital to join with others in chartering a vessel, and taking on board freight and passengers, sailed for the new world. The ship was "Castle of London," which is recorded as arriving at the "Port of Charlestowne inthe moneth of July Ano Dvi 1638."
Joseph Merriam settled at Concord, where he was known as "planter." He joined the churchn and was admitted a freeman. His career in America was brief, ending Jan. 1, 1640-41. HIs widow, Sara, married (second) Lieut. Joseph Wheeler; she died March 12, 1670-71.
Children:
William, Sarah, Joseph, Thomas, Elizabeth, Hannah, John.

(III) William (2), son of Joseph and Sara (Goldstone) Merriam, was born in county Kent, England, about 1624, died in 1689, and was buried May 22. He joined the church and was made a freeman of the colony at Concord, Mass., May 2, 1849. His wife's father gave them considerable land at Lynn. He served as a trooper in King Philip's war, enrolled Feb. 29, 1675-76, in Captain George Curwin's company.
He married (first) Elizabeth, daughter of Allen Breed; (second) Oct. 11, 1676, Anna Jones, who died July 20, 1677; (third) Sarah ____, who survived him.
Children, all by first wife:
Joseph, Elizabeth, John, Sarah, Rebecca, Sarah, William and John.

(IV) John, son of William (2) and Elizabeth (Breed) Merriam, was born at Lynn, Mass., April 25, 1671, died Oct. 11, 1754. He was a farmer there for many years after his marriage. In 1713 he was employed by the town to teach a "grammar school" and ten pounds "allowed" for his services besides a stated sum from each pupil. This shows that he was a man of education, as Latin and the higher branches were taught.
About 1716 he removed to Wallingford, Conn., where he died. In Wallingford, he purchased three hundred acres of land, known as the "Counay Farm."
He married, May 23, 1694, Rebecca, daughter of Nathaniel and Rebecca (Marshall) Sharp; she died April 30, 1751.
Children:
An unnamed child, Nathaniel, John, William, Rebecca, Joseph, Ruth, Abigail, Susanna.

(V) Nathaniel, son of John and Rebecca (Sharp) Merriam, was born at Lynn, Mass., March 26, 1696. He was a farmer, carpenter and mill owner. He was captain of the Meriden county militia. His home was in Wallingford, but was later included within the limits of Meriden, Conn. He died prior to the third Monday in March, 1776, when letters of administration were granted his estate.
He married, at Wallingford, Conn., Nov. 12, 1723, "by Captain Hall, Esq.", Elizabeth, born April 8, 1698, died June 11, 1767, daughter of Dr. Benjamin Hulls.
Children:
Elizabeth, Rebecca, Hannah, Nathaniel, Lois, Matthew, Lois.

(VI) Nathaniel (2), son of Nathaniel (1) and Elizabeth (Hulls) Merriam, was born at Wallingford, Conn., Jan. 5, 1734. He was a farmer and wheelwright; resident of the Meridan section of the town of Wallingford. His will was proved Sept. 7, 1807, his son, Judge Nathaniel Merriam, of Leyden, N.Y. being an executor.
He married, Feb. 19, 1756, Martha, born at Lynn, Nov. 9, 1736, died at Meriden, Conn., Dec. 28, 1797, daughter of Thomas and Rebecca (Bullard) Berry.
Children:
Rebekah, Damaris, Edmund, Elizabeth, a son born and died 1765; Martha, marred Capt. John Ives, one of the early founders of the town of West Turin, Lewis county, N.Y.; Nathaniel, Lois, Lucretia.

(VII) Nathaniel (3), (judge), third son of Nathaniel (1) and Martha (Berry) Merriam, was born at Wallingford, Conn., June 3, 1769, died Aug. 19, 1847. He removed with his wife and young children, in1800, to Leyden, New York. He was elected in 1811 to the state legislature, was supervisor from 1812 to 1816, and county judge of Lewis county in 1815. In 1820 he was again elected to the same office. He was a farmer and also kept a tavern on the state road from Utica to Watertown. In 1838 he removed to the state of Indiana, returning to Leyden in 1842.
He was a man of dignified bearing, serious disposition and proverbial integrity.
He married (first) Dec. 2, 1792, Eunice, born Jan. 13, 1768, died Sept. 22, 1822, daughter of Benjamin and Mindwell Curtis. He married (second) at Fort Ann, N.Y., Jan. 31, 1824, Sally Black, widow of Francis Lloyd; she was born Dec. 29, 1779, died July 11, 1862.
Children, all by first wife:
Ela, Amanda, Levi, Louisa.

(VIII) Ela, son of Judge Nathaniel (3) and Eunice (Curtis) Merriam, was born in the town of Wallingford, Conn., Sept. 25, 1794, died Nov. 11, 1873. In 1815, having arrived at his majority, he purchased a farm adjoining that of his father in Leyden, N.Y., and a few years later altered the old house into the stately residence knowns as "Locust Grove."
He moved into the house in 1821 and passed the remainder of his days there. His children were all born under its roof. Besides the management of his large farm (which was the pride of his life) he owned, in connection with his brother-in-law, Elisha Backus, of Utica, and Samuel Buckley, of Watertown, N.Y., the line of stage coaches that carried the United States mails from Utica to Sacketts Harbor from 1824 until 1850. He was a director of and deeply interested in the development of the Utica & Black River Railroad. He helped to secure plank roads and other improvements for the people of the county. His business interests were many and varied. He was interested in improving the breeding of various kinds of stock and raising farm fruits; his house stood between two orchards, famous for the abundance and excellence of the best grafted apples of the county. He was president of the Lewis county Agricultural Society and a familiar figure at the state fairs.
He never held public office, saying that the only office he would not refuse was that of "Pathmaster" (overseer of the highway). He was a general of militia and one of his fields was known as "the Parade Lot," where for many years the general training of the militia, in which he was the commanding officer, took place annually. He was at Sacketts Harbor as a soldier in the war of 1812.
He and his wife likved to celebrate their golden wedding, Sept. 13, 1869, and every living child and grandchild were present, making it an occasion long to be remembered.
He married, Sept. 14, 1819, Lydia, born Aug. 18, 1800, died Oct. 14, 1886, youngest daughter of James and Mary (Cheeseborough Lord) Sheldon, of Remsen, New York.
Children:
1. Ela Nathaniel, born May 14, 1822; he was educated at Brown Institute, Denmark, New York; at the age of thirteen years entered the Lewis County Bank at Martinsburg, thus early beginning his life work; cashier in 1846; organized the Valley Bank at Boonville in 1852; in 1854 removed to Ogdensburg, N.Y., organizing the Oswegatchie Bank, with which his Valley Bank was merged; in 1880 he established "The National Bank of Ogdensburg," of which he was cashier and a director until his death in 1893, one of the oldest bankers in the state.
He was regarded a high authority in financial matters. During his long career he was executor or administrator of forty estates, and received great praise for his upright, able administration, his judgment never being questioned or a ruling reversed.
A man of culture and refinement, he was strong in his convictions, loyal and patriotic, public-spirited, ever ready to assist in all local enterprises contributing to the welfare of hs home city. Was president of St. Lawrence county board of supervisors; chariman of Republican county committee; member of the city council, and "board of education"; president of the Musical Union, etc.' withal he was a devoted family man and ideal friend. "His life was gentle; and the elements, so mixed in him, that Nature might stand up and say to all the world: 'This was a man!'"
He married, Sept. 6, 1848, Mary Maria, daughter of Hon. Richard Hulbert, of Boonville, N.Y.; she died May 22, 1893. Child: Nellie Merriam, born at Boonville, N.Y. Jan. 12, 1852; at the age of three she, with her parents, removed to Ogdensburg, N.Y., where she has since resided; was educated by private tutors and at Mlle. Rostand's boarding school for young ladies in New York. Is an active member of St. John's Protestant Episcopal Church; prominent in D.A.R. circles, being a charter member of Swe-kat-si Chapter, and having filled many offices in the local organization. Is well known among the city's musicians; for several seasons gave a series of illustrated parlor lectures on teh "Evolution and History of Music." Is also an active member of the "Martha Palmer University Extension Study Club," having for seven years held the office of secretary-treasurer.

2. Clinton Levi, mentioned below.
3. Helen Mary, born June 7, 1825; married, Aug. 22, 1853, Benjamin Rush Bagg, a lawyer of Detroit, Michigan; after the death of her husband in Detroit, Sept. 8, 1862, she returned with her children to Leyden, N.Y. She was highly educated, deeply interested in natural history and proficient in botany; died April 2, 1897. Children, all born in Detroit, Michigan: i. Ela Merriam Bagg, born May 14, 1854; a well known lawyer, practicing in northern New York and New York City; Sept. 13, 1880 married Anna A. Collins, of Constableville, N.Y.; children: Frederick and Homer. ii. Clinton Levi Bagg, born Feb. 15, 1856; educated at Lowville Academy and Hungerford Institute, Adams, N.Y.; graduated in 1879 from the medical department of the University of New York. Since then he has practiced medicine in New York City; is visiting surgeon to the Metropolitan Hospital on Blackwell's Island, and was for several years president of its medical board. He has been closely associated in the work of the department of public charities in New York, and was appointed by Mayor George B. McClellan, a member of his hospital committee, and was appointed by Commissioner Robert W. Hebberd, a member of the advisory board of the department of public charities during his term of office. He is visiting surgeon to the Hahnemann Hospital, and also professor of surgery to the Flower College and Hospital. He is a member of the Union League and Lotus clubs. Dec. 8, 1881, he married Henrietta McCready of New York. iii. James Knox Bagg, born Nov. 3, 1858; resides in Geneva, N.Y.; is engaged in the canned goods business.
4. William Wallace, born May 10, 1827; in early life was a merchant and later a banker and broker of New York City; married (first) Sarah A. Oley, of Utica, Nov. 9, 1854, who died July 22, 1886; (second) Mrs. Jane B. Lyman, Oct. 30, 1889; now resides in San Diego, California. Child: Edith, born in Brooklyn, N.Y. Nov. 9, 1865; for some years has been a tutor and instructor in various schools for young ladies in New York City and vicinity.
5. James Sheldon, born May 29, 1829, died in New York City Oct. 4, 1908; was a graduate of Columbia College; a deep student of scientific subjects, particularly botany and geology; collected the family records, with a view to the publication of a genealogy, but finally place his material at the disposal of the compiler of the "Merriam Genealogy." He was a most genial and kindly nature. He married, July 19, 1858, Herminie Hippeau, born in France, daughter of Professor Hippeau, a distinguished writer on education. She died in New York City, Nov. 16, 1898. Children of James Sheldon and Herminie (Hippeau) Merriam: i. Aline Herminie, born Jan. 4, 1860, maried Harry Harland, of Norwich, Conn., born March 1, 1860, died at San Remo, Italy, Dec. 20, 1905; he became eminent as a writer of fiction; some of his works were: "My Friend Prospero," "Lady Paramount," "The Cardinal's Snuff Box,"; they resided abroad many years; ii. Louise Angele, born Sept. 14, 1862. iii. Walter Hippeau, born July 9, 1867; married, March 28, 1901, Elizabeth May Wildes, of Brooklyn; children, two daughters; he practiced law in New York City; died there March, 1909.
6. Jane Eliza, born Aug. 29, 1831, died Jan. 19, 1850.
7. Harriet Cornelia, born April 29, 1833, married, June 4, 1856, Jerome B., son of Hon. Richard Hulbert, of Boonville, N.Y. Children: i. Lydia Merriam Hulbert, born March 28, 1857, died Feb. 14, 1886; a lovely character, having a graceful gift with brush and pencil; iii. Richard Hulbert, born at Boonville, N.Y. June 2, 1858, for many years has resided at New Britain, Conn., where he held a responsible position in the immense manufactory of Russell, Erwin & Co.; has two daughters and one son, Richard Hulbert 3rd. iii. Ela Merriam Hulbert, born at Boonville, N.Y. March 12, 1860; was well known as a student of entomology, having a very large private collection of butterflies and bugs; like his brother he was for some years a trusted employee of Russell, Erwin & Company, resigning to adopt a literary career; he was long editor of the New Britain Herald, especially intereted in philanthropic work among the newsboys, by whom he ws styled the "Newsboys friend"; a Young Men's Christian Association man, and member of St. Mark's Protestant Episcopal Church; he died suddenly at his home, Feb. 10, 1908, and is buried at New Britain.
8. Gustavus French, born Oct. 17, 1835; educated at the United States Naval Academy; he resigned from the navy in 1858 and moved to Kansas; on the breaking out of the civil war he volunteered and was placed in command of the forts at Maryland Heights, commanding the Pass at Harpers Ferry; he removed to San Diego county, California, in 1875, and developed a vineyard and honey ranch at Merriam Valley, post office San Marcos; he married, Oct. 1, 1863, Mary E. Scott, of Washington, D.C., who died Jan. 17, 1888; children: i. Edwin Alexander, born Aug. 31, 1864; ii. Nina Helen, Jan. 16, 1867; iii. Henry Scott, April 9, 1871; iv. Anna Theresa, June 19, 1872; v. Wallace Webster, Feb. 21, 1877, graduate University of California, mining and civil engineerat San Luis Rey, California; vi. Bertha Virginia, Oct. 30, 1878.
9. Amanda Lydia, born Dec. 4, 1837, died March 6, 1841.
10. and 11. Twins, born and died in November, 1839.
12. Charles Martin, born May 16, 1841; was a farmer on the old Merriam homestead, later of Constableville, N.Y.; married (first) Aug. 29, 1876, Ella Florence Loftis, born April 26, 1857, died April 26, 1882; married (second) April 10, 1887, Caroline Gertrude Weinman, born May 12, 1867. Children: i. Charles Augustus, born Jan. 16, 1877; ii. Fanny May, Sept. 29, 1878; iii. Frederick Hoadley, Feb. 12, 1880; iv. Ella Louise, Feb. 26, 1888; v. Martin Sheldon, July 11, 1890; vi. Fay Elwood, Sept. 4, 1894.
13. Augustus Chapman, born May 30, 1843, died at Athens, Greece, Jan. 19, 1895; graduated from Columbia College, class of 1866, and received the degrees of A. M. and Ph.D.; from 1868 to 1880 was tutor of Greek and Latin at Columbia; from 1880 to 1889 adjunct professor of Greek; and in 1889 was made professor of Greek Archaeology and Epigraphy at Columbia College, and Director of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens, Greece. He was a distinguished scholar, greatly esteemed and deeply lamented; married July 23, 1869, Louise Oley, of Utica, N.Y. Professor Merriam superintended important excavations in Sicyon and Icaria. His investigations determined the birthplace of Thespis. His more important writings are: The Phoenicians of Homer; The Inscriptions on the Obelisk Crab; The Sixth and Seventh Books of Heroditus; The Law Code of Gortynia in Crete.


(IX) Clinton Levi, second son of General Ela and Lydia (Sheldon) Merriam, was born at Leyden, New York, March 25, 1824, died in Washington, D.C. Feb. 18, 1900. He was educated in the public schools and at the Copenhagen Academy. His early business life was spent in New York City as a dry goods importer; later he established a banking and stock business, retiring in 1864 to his residence near the "old homestead" at "Homewood," Locust Grove, Leyden, N.Y. In 1870 he was elected to congress from the district composed of the counties of Lewis, Jefferson and Herkimer. He was the nominee of the Republican party, with which he has always affiliated. He was re-elected at the expiration of his first term. His career in congress was a notable one. He stood for honest politics and made a strong fight against dishonesty and immorality in public office. His work on bills dealing with national finance were valuable. Among the bills he introduced and championed was one that prohibited the passage of obscene literature through the mails, a bill that made it possible to protect the children from this species of corruption. He was a prominent member of the committee on banking and currency; was helpful in bringing about the present system of redemption of the currency and led to the establishment of the present national banking system. At the close of his congressional career he returned to "Homewood," his country seat, which was ever after his summer home.
He was a man of commanding presence, broad knowledge of men and affairs, of billiant intellect and a warm imagination, devoted to his family, loyal to his friends, and faithful to his duties as a citizen. He was for many years a member of the Union League Club in New York City.
He married (first) Dec. 5, 1849, Caroline Hart, of Turin, N.Y., born Oct. 6, 1827, died March 28, 1893, at Winter Park, Florida; married (second) Julia E. Bush.
Children by first marriage:
1. Charles Collins, mentioned below.
2. Clinton Hart, born Dec. 5, 1855, at Leyden, N.Y.; he was educated at the Alexander Military Institute at White Plains, N.Y.; Pingrey's School for Boys at Elizabeth, New Jersey, and the Sheffield Scientific School at Yale University (special, class of 1877). He studied medicine at Yale Medical School and was graduated from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, 1879; practiced at Locust Grove, N.Y., from 1878 to 1885, and was president of Lewis County Medical Society. Since then his lifework has been in zoology, botany and ethnology. In 1872 he was appointed naturalist of Hayden's Survey of the Territories, and accompanied the expedition on an extended survey of the far west, including Yellowstone Park. In 1875 he was appointed assistant on the United States fish commission. In 1883 he visited Newfoundland and the Arctic Seal Fishery as surgeon of the steamship "Proteus." In the spring of 1885 he visited Germany, Holland and England, and later in the same year was appointed head of the division of ornithology and mammalogy in the department of agriculture, which under his charge has grown into the United States Biological Survey, of which he continued chief untl 1910. In 1891 he led the Death Valley expedition; was then appointed United States Bering Sea commissioner to investigate the fur-seal fishery on the Pribolof Islands, Alaska. Since then he has continued his biological surveys of various states and territories.
His publications include: "Birds of Connecticut," "Mammals of the Adirondacks," "Results of Biological Survey of San Francisco mountain region and desert of Little Colorado in Arizona," "Biological Reconnaisance of Idaho," "Geographic Distribution of Life in North America," "Trees, Shrubs, Cactuses and Yuccas of Death Valley Expedition," "Laws of Temperature Control of Geographic Distribution of Terrestrial Animals and Plants," "Monographic Revision of the Pocket Gophers," "Revision of American Shrews," "Synopsis of Weasels of North America," "Life Zones and Crop Zones of the United States," "Biological Survey of the United States," "Biological Survey of Mount Shasta, California," "The Indian Population of California," "Distribution and Classification of the Mewan Indians of California," "Is Mutation a Factor in the Evolution of the Higher Vertebrates," and an illustrated book of Californian Indian myths entitled "The Dawn of the World"; also about three hundred papers on zoological and botanial subjects; in addition he has edited a dozen volumes of the Harriman Alaska expedition reports.
He is a member of the Washington Academy, the Biological, Anthropoligical, and Philsophical societies, Society of American Foresters, National Geographic Society and National Academy. He is a Fellow of the Ornithologists Union, vice-president of the Assocation for the Advancement of Science, and foreign member of the London Zooligical Society.
In 1886 he married Virginia Elizabeth Gosnel, of Virginia; children: Dorothy, born in 1890, and Zenaida, born in 1892.

3. Ella Gertrude, born Nov. 7, 1857, died Aug. 7, 1863.
4. Florence Augusta, born Aug. 8, 1863; educated at Mrs. Pratt's School, Utica, N.Y. and Smith College (special, class of 1886), afterward attending courses of lectures at Columbia and Stanford universities. Before going to college she began work on birds with her brother, the naturalist, Dr. C. Hart Merriam, and when in college helped to organize one of the first Audubon socieites of the country, with field classes for study of bird life. After leaving college, she specialized in field ornithology, giving bird talks and carrying on her work in various parts of the United States. In addition to articles in bird journals and magazines, she has published: "Birds Through an Opera Glass," "My Summer in a Mormon Village," "A Birding on a Bronco," "Birds of Village and Field," "A Hand Book of the Birds of the Western United States." She is a member of the American Ornithologists Union, and of the Biological Society of Washington. In 1800 she married Vernon Bailey, of Washington, D.C., Chief Field Naturalist of the United States Biological Survey.

(X) Charles Collins, eldest son of Hon. Clinton Levi and Caroline (Hart) Merriam, was born in New York City, Nov. 10, 1850. He was educated in the public schools of New York and Brooklyn, and the military academies at Sing Sing and White Plains; attended lectures at Columbia College in 1869. He was his father's secretary while he was a member of congress, 1871-72. He spent six months in Europe (in 1873-1874), and in 1874-75 was cashier in a New York cotton house.
Since his marriage he has resided in Lyons Falls, N.Y., where he is engaged in lumber business and real estate. He attended the World's Young Men's Christian Association convention at Stockholm, Sweden, in Aug. 1888. Is a fellow of the National Academy of Design, life member of the American Tract Society, member of the American Forestry Association.
Is an elder in the Forest Presbyterian church at Lyons Falls. For many years has been deeply interested in Sunday school and temperance work in Lewis county.
He married, June 28, 1876, Florence Isabella, born June 26, 1851, youngest daughter of Hon. Lyman R. Lyon, of Lyons Falls. She attended school in Utica, and in 1867-68 attended a young ladies' seminary in Geneva, Switzerland.
Children of Charles Collins and Florence Isabella (Lyon) Merriam:

1. Lyman Lyon, born at Lyons Falls, Nov. 4, 1877; attended military schools at White Plains and Ossining, graduated from Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, class of 1900. Is a civil engineer. His home is at Lyons Fals, N.Y. He was employed in the construction of the electric road from Johnstown to Schenectady as assistant engineer; was engineer for the "O'Rourke Engineering Construction Company" during the construction of the Pennsylvania railroad tunnels under the North river, and is now (1910) engineer for the Gould Paper Company at Lyons Falls. He married, Sept. 30, 1903, Delia, born Sept. 13, 1875, youngest daughter of William and Louise (Flint) Brandreth, at Ossining, N.Y. Children: i. Sarah Louise, born Sept. 13, 1904; ii. Florence Lyon, July 23, 1906; iii. Kathleen Brandreth, April 14, 1908.

2. Robert McBurney, born Oct. 24, 1879, died Oct. 3, 1880.

3. Clinton Nathaniel, born Dec. 8, 1880, died Feb. 14, 1881.

4. Carolyn Augusta, born March 5, 1884; attended young ladies' schools at Montreal, Ossining and New York City. Developed considerable ability in vocal and instrumental music. Sept. 10, 1903, she married Frederick de Peyster Hone, born at Morristown, New Jersey, Oct. 10, 1873, grandson of Commodore Matthew Galbraith Perry, who secured the opening of Japan to the commerce of the western world in 1854. Mr. Hone is a civil engineer, a graduate of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, N.Y., class of 1897. Children: i. Carolyn Merriam, born May 9, 1905; ii. Hester Merriam, born Sept. 23, 1906; iii. Elizabeth Brinsmade, Aug. 12, 1909.

5. Helen Lyon, born at Lyons Falls, Oct. 14, 1891; attended Ossining School at Ossining, N.Y. and Gunston Hall at Washington, D.C.

Hon. Lyman R. Lyon, father of Florence I. (Lyon) Merriam, was born in what is now Walworth, Wayne county, New York. In 1806 he came, as a lad of twelve years, to Lewis county with his father. He was educated under the Rev. John Sherman at Trenton, and at Lowville Academy. From an early age he evidenced decided interest in public affairs. From 1830 to 1835 he was deputy clerk in the New York state legislature. In 1859 he was elected a member of that body and, by his active efforts, secured the building of the locks and dams on Black river which completed the water connections between Carthage and the Erie canal. He used all his energy and influence in favor of the Black River canal, which was finally built between Carthage and Lyons Falls. In 1856 he built a steamer, modeled after those on the Ohio, to ply on the river and tow up the canal boats, thus securing forty miles of additonal river navigation. In his younger days he was largely interested in profitable government contracts, and his favorite remark was: "That if he made his money abroad he desire only to spend it at home, to benefit his town and county." It was his energy and capital that inaugurated the Moose river and Otter Lake tanneries. He was one of the largest land owners in northern New York, and was a successful, energetic and reliable business man. For several years he was cashier and later president of the Lewis County Bank.

At the outbreak of the civil war he was deeply interested in the success of the Union cause, and volunteered his services as a soldier, but was rejected on account of age. He presented a musket to every man who enlisted from his town and contributed in many ways to the success of northern arms. His deep anxiety during that struggle, added to his business cares, affected his health and in 1867 he sailed for Europe with his family. For two years he traveled through southern Europe, Palestine and Egypt, and was somewhat benefited, but on his return died April 7, 1869, at Savannah, Georgia, while returning to his northern home from Florida.

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