1837
NENAGH
A market and post-town, and a parish, partly in the barony of Upper Ormond, but chiefly in that of Lower Ormond, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 19 miles N.E. from Limerick, and 75 miles S.W. from Dublin, on the mail road between these cities; containing 9159 inhabitants, of which that number, 8446 are in the town, which is the largest (except one), as to population, that does not return a member to parliament. It was one of the ancient manors of the Butlers, by whom the old castle now in ruins is supposed to have been founded.. In 1200, an hospital was founded here for Augustinian canons, who were to admit into it the sick and infirm; it was dedicated to St. John the Baptist, whence it was usually called Teacheon, Tyone, or St. John;s House, and was endowed by Theobald Walter, the first Butler of Ireland, with lands for the maintenance of thirteen beds for strangers: after the dissolution of religious houses, the building and its possessions were granted by Elizabeth, in the fifth year of her reign, to Oliver Grace. In the reign of Henry III, a member of the Butler or of the Kennedy family founded a Franciscan friary in the town, which was one of the richest foundations belonging to that order in the Kingdom: it was finally leased by Elizabeth to Robert Collum for a term of years. In 1550, O'Carroll burned both the town and the friary, but the garrison saved the castle. In 1641, it was taken by the Irish under Owen Roe O'Nial, from whom it was afterwards wrested by Lord Inchiquin. Ireton, in his march against Limerick in 1651, invested the town and compelled the garrison to surrender at discretion. In the war of 1688, it fell into the hands of Anthony Carroll, an active leader under Sarsfield, who made it the centre of his operations, until compelled to abandon it on the approach of a force under Gen. Leveson, when he burned the town in his retreat.
The town stands on a stream to which it gives name, that descends from the Keeper mountain to Lough Derg. It consists of four streets meeting in the centre. The market for corn and cattle, which is well attended, is held on Thursday; fairs are held under a grant by Henry VIII to the Butler family, on April 24th, May 29th, July 4th, Sept 4th, Oct 10th, and Nov 1st. The first fair held here was called Eanaugh Airoon, that is a "fair in Ormonde." General sessions are held twice a year, and petty sessions weekly; there is a court-house for the meetings of the magistrates; also an old bridewell, consisting of 3 day-rooms, 9 cells and two yards. Application is about to be made to procure an act of parliament to make Nenagh an assize town. It is the residence of a stipendiary magistrate, and a chief constabulary police station. A seneschal's court for the manor was formerly held here. A fever hospital and dispensary are maintained in the usual manner; three physicians attend the former in monthly rotation, at a salary of 25 pounds each. There is a small library of works of a religious and charitable tendency. An infantry barrack has been built on an eminence at the east end of the town, on the principle of a field fortification, with accommodations for a field-officer, 12 commissioned officers, 208 non-commissioned officers and privates, and four horses, with hospital accommodation for 21 patients, and a magazine. The ruins of an old castle, commonly called "Nenagh Round," on one side of Castle-street, consist of a lofty mad massive circular donjon, or keep, with a yard attached, surrounded by high walls, which were originally flanked by four circular towers, and entered by a gate with a portcullis; the building appears to be of the age of the first Anglo-Norman proprietor. A brewery is carried on in the town; and at Tyone, in its immediate vicinity, is a flour-mill, from which large quantities of flour are sent to Dromineer, the nearest steamboat station on the Shannon, about five miles distant. There is also a small stuff manufactory. The town is supplied with water from wells, and is neither paved nor lighted. Near it, on the Dublin Road, is a spring of excellent water, with a covering of masonry, on which are inscribed these words: "Erected by voluntary contribution, to commemorate the unparalleled benevolence of the English nation to the poor of Ireland at a season of extreme distress. A.D. 1822." The fee of the land, in and about the town, amounting to 500 acres, is vested in the Holmes family.
The town is in a populous and well-cultivated district, in which are a considerable number of resident gentry. The seats in its immediate vicinity are Richmond, the residence of R. Wells Gason, Esq.; Salisboro, of T. Poe, Esq.; Riverston, of John Bennett, Esq.; Smithfield, of Capt. Bouchier; Willington, of W. Smithwick, Esq.; and Brook Watson, of F. Watson, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, united by act of council, Feb. 16th, 1798, to the rectory and vicarage of Knigh, and in the patronage of the Bishop; the tithes amount to 350, and the gross tithes of the benefice are 636.3.1. The glebe-house was erected by a loan of 1200 from the late Board of First Fruits, in 1812; there are two glebes in the union, together containing 18a 3r. The church, which is in the town, is a plain structure, built by a loan of 1300 from the same Board, in 1809; and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have lately granted 101 for its repair. In the R.C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising this parish and that of Lisbunny; it contains one chapel, situated in the town, where is also a meeting-house for Wesleyan Methodists, and another for Independents. There are a parochial free school, a school under the trustee's of Erasmus Smith's charity, and one under the Board of National education, in which are about 290 boys and 150 girls. There are also six private schools, in which are about 170 boys and 80 girls.

1837
RATHLYNAN or RATHLINEY
a parish, in the barony of Clanwilliam, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 3 1/2 miles N.E. by E. from Tipperary, on the road to Thurles; containing 1354 inhabitants. It comprises 2657 statute acres of land, generally good and mostly in tillage. The river Multeen flows through the parish, within the limits of which are Lacken, the residence of John Smithwick, Esq,; and Mount William, of James Mahon, Esq. At the cross of Donaskeigh is a station of the constabulary police. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Ballintemple; the tithes amount to 200 pounds.   

1654
RATHLEYNY (After the Meares and Bounds)
The sd. Parish lyeth in the Barrony of Clanwilliam the two pts of the tythes great and small thereof being Impropriat was conferred by Pattent from the Crowne on the Earle of Ormond many yeares sithence (as wee are informed) The other third pt. Belonging to the viccarage. The Tythes great and small of the sd. Parish was worth in 1640 LI030:00:00.
In the sd. Parish stands the Demolished castle of Duneaskeagh by wch runs the River Multine. The whole Prish is all champion ground (vizt.) good arable pasture and meddow grounds.
There are fower acres of Clanwilliam measure of the Colpe of Dunenaskeagh in this parish on the other side of the River Multine bounded by the lands of Attybrick in the West in Killnamanagh in the east bounded by Ruanbally Tample in Killnamanagh in the North by Loghderehy in Killnamanagh and on the South wth. Multin close to Dunenaskeagh castle.
The sd. Fower acres are situated in the middest of the sd. Lands oj Killnamanagh in the Parishes of Killpatrick and Ballintemple.
The afforesd. Parish contayneth the sevall colpes hereunder written (vizt.) the Colpe of Dunenaskeagh the quarter colpe of Drishane, the third pt Colpe of Curragh poore the twentieth pt Colpe of Gurteenenyfinilly and fifteene acres of Clanwilliam measure of the halfe colpe of Ballynaclohy being in this parish together, wth. Fifteene acres of the like measure of the quarter colpe of Allinhogane likewise in this Parish.
Proprietors in 1640, Denominacon lands, Number of plant acres
Richard Butler Esqr of Killcash Irish Papist Sr Phillipp Percivall Kt English Protest, Dunenaskeagh containeing one Colpe, 400:00:00 acres The sd. Richard Butler pprietor of the sd lands in fee by descent. Sr Phillipp Parcivall tennt. Of the sd. Lands in 1640 Uppon ye sd. Lands stands a castle out of repayre one thatcht house & twelve cabbins & the River Multine runns through it.
Richard Bourke and Ulick Burke of Drissane Irish Papists, Drissane cont. one quarter of a colpe, 160:00:00 acres The sd. Richard and Ulick Bourke pprietors of the sd lands in fee by Descent from their Ancestors. This land is wast without Improvemt.
James Earle of Ormond, Sr Hardres Waler kt, of Curraghpoore being pt of Grenan lands one third pt Colpe, 148:00:00 acres The sd. Earle of Ormond pprietor of the sd. Lands. The sd Sr. Hardres Waller Tennt. Thereof in 1640.
Daniell oge Hogane of Allin Hogane Irish Papist, Allinhogane one quarter whereof lyes in the above Parish 15 acres of Clanwm. Measure, 60:00:00 acres The sd. Daniel oge Hogan pprietor in fee by Descent from his Ancestors. There is one house & three cabbins on the sd. land.
Sr Phillipp Parcivall, of Ballynaclohy in this Parish 15 acres of Clanwm. Measure, 60:00:00 acres The sd. Sr Phillipp Parcivall pprietor of Ballynaclohy by purchas from ye Earle of Thomond.
Connor Hogan of Gurteenefinily Irish Papist, Gurteenefinnily cont. the twentieth pt of a colpe, 20:00:00 acres The sd. Connor Hogan pprietor of the sd. lands in fee by descent from his Ancestors. On the sd. lands there is one cabbin.

1889
RATHKEA, Tipperary 
Rathkea is a rural post office in the parish of Lattin, barony of Clanwilliam, 3 1/2 miles, Irish, west by south from Tipperary.  The land of the district is good for dairying.

1837
RATHNAVEOGE
a parish, in the barony of Ikerrin, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 4 miles S.W. by S. from Rosecrea, on the south side of the mail road from Dublin to Limerick; containing 1387 inhabitants. It comprises 4227 statute acres, of which about 3300 are nearly equally divided between tillage and pasture; the remainder is waste. Within its limits is part of Benduff mountain, on the north-eastern side of which rises a stream that joins the river Nore at a short distance from its source in the Slieve Bloom mountains. The seats are Lisduff, the residence of William Smith, Esq.; Honey Mount, of John Lloyd, Esq.; Summer Hill, of W.T. Shortt, Esq.; and Newgrove, of Westrop Smith, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, forming part of the union of Dunkerrin: the tithes amount to 253.9.8 3/4. In the R.C. divisions also it is in the union or district of Dunkerrin. Some remains of an old church and castle of Rathnaveoge still exist. At a short distance from the latter is the ruined castle of Ballynakill, the property, and formerly the residence, of the Minchin family; it is surrounded by a high wall regularly fortified, and the buildings appear to have been of considerable extent.  

1889
REAR CROSS, Tipperary 
Rear Cross is a rural post office, in the parish of Templebeg, 14 miles, Irish, north from Tipperary.  The district is hilly, but good for butter-making.

1654
RELIGMURRY (After the Meares and Bounds)
The sd. Parish is lying and being in the Barrony of Clanwm, the Tythes great and small of the sd. Parish being Impropriate, and many yeares sithence conferred on the Earle of Ormond by Pattent from the Crowne (as wee are informed) The Tythes great & small of the sd. Parish was worth in 1640 LI200:00:00.
In the sd. Parish are plant acres of Gleabland belonging to the Vicarage valued in 1640 001:10:00
The severall lands of the sd. Parish are pfitable and good pasture.
In the sd. Parish there are the castles ffollowing vizt. The castle of ballinhenry wanting repayre, The demolished castle of Ballygriffin, The Castle of Gowlin The Castle of Ballyvaddy, the castle of Lagganstowne wnating repayre, The Demolished castle of Beallacarrin, And the castle of Ballynaclohy wanting Repayre.
In the sd. Parish are the severall colpes of land heereunder written (vizt,) Ballynahensy halfe a Colpe & the eight pt of a Colpe, Garranenarahy the eight pt of a colpe, Lislowrine the eight pt of a Colpe, Lissin Irea the eight pt of a Colpe, Ballygriffin the eight pt of a Colpe. The Colpe of Gowline The Colpe of Athashill, The Coulpe of Religmurry, The Colpe of Rathglass, The Colpe of beallacarin, The halfe colpe of Oldgrandge Cowla the eight pt of a colpe Dangendergan one quarter of a Colpe Ballyvaddy the sixth pt of a ColpeLagganstowne three quarters of a colpe Lasseny one sixth pt colpe, Beallaslattine one quarter of a colpe Masterstowne, Ballyhimine and Derryclony three quarters of a colpe Cahirbristy the eight pt of a Colpe, Cahirmoylyhow one quarter ofa colpe Ballynaclohy halfe a Colpe, Clogh Ileagh one colpe.
Proprietors in 1640, Denominacon lands, Number of plant acres
James Earl of Ormond, Religmurry one colpe, 1000:00:00 acres The sd. James Earle of Ormond pprietor by a grant from the Crowne and leased the same to James Buler of Derryloskane, and the sd. James did lease the same againe to Mr. Thomas Groue and sett by him to Coll. Richard Lehunt The sd lands is well inhabited and thereon stands a good slate house and a weyre for ffishing. There is a pcell called Rathclohine belonging to the colpe of Religmurry and lyes in the west of Shewir wth. In the lands of Gowlin and Athasill.
James Earl of Ormond, Clogh Ileagh one colpe, 1000:00:00 acres The sd. Earle of Ormond pprietor by grant from the Crowne & leased the same to Doctor ffennell. There is a few thatcht Cabbins upon the sd. Lands.
James Earl of Ormond, Abbyathashill one colpe, 1000:00:00 acres The sd Earle of Ormond pprietor by grant from the Crowne & leased the same to Doctor ffenall. Theron stands an old Abby & a ffishing weire comonly called black weire.
James Earl of Ormond, Goulden including Ballyleyny & Ballinloghy pcells thereof on colpe, 1000:00:00 acres The sd. Earle of Ormond pprietor by grant from the Crowne & leased by him to Doctor ffennell. Upon this lands stands a castle wth. A bridge uppon a pass betwixt the same and Religmurry wth some thatcht houses Inhabitted and two ffishing weyres.
James Earl of Ormond, James oge Butler of Killvelehir Irish Papist, Cowly one quarter of a colpe, 250:00:00 acres The sd. James Earle of Ormond pprietor of the third pt thereof in fee and by him leased to Edmond Butler of Beallacarrin. James oge Butler pprietor of the other two parts in fee. This land is all wast wth. Out Improvemt.
James Earl of Ormond, Beallacarrin in cluding Rathcullane pcell thereof one Colpe, 1000:00:00 acres The said Earle of Ormond pprietor thereof in feee and by him leased unto Edmond Butler of the same. There is on this land the bottom of a demolished castle by the River Shewir and a demolished mill upon the River Shewir uppon the pass comonly called Keilenecaske. The land is all wast wth. Out Improvemt.
The Countess of Ormond, Old Grange half a Colpe, 500:00:00 acres The sd. Countess of Ormond pprietrix of the sd. Halfe colpe in fee by descent from hir Ancestors. This land is all wast wthout Improvemt.
Barnaby Earle of Thomond, Ballynaclohy halfe a colpe, 500:00:00 acres The sd. Earle of Thomond pprietor of the sd. Lands in fee & by him leased to Sr. Phillipp Parcivall & now Ingabitted by John Parcivall Esqr. And his Tennts. Through this towne runneth the river Multine whereon stands a demolished Mill and ruined slatehouse with a stumpe of a castle wanting repayre.
Jeffry Bristy of Cahirbristy yeoman Irish Papist, Cahirbristy the eight pt of a colpe, 125:00:00 acres The sd. Jeffry Bristy sould the fee simple thereof to James oge Butler sithence the first yeare of the Rebellion and was before pprietor thereof in fee by descent from his ancestors. This land is wast at prsent.
Doctor Garrott ffennell Esqr Irish Papist, Ballygriffin halfe a quarter Colpe, 125:00:00 acres The sd. Doctor ffennell pprietor thereof in fee by descent. Uppon these lands stands a castle wanting repayre wth. A strong Bawne two or threee thatcht houses within it and sevall other thatcht houses abroade in the towne & one tucking mill & one corne mill wth. Two weires for ffishing likewise there is an orchard wth. A Gardin within the bawne.
Theobald Bourke of Lissin irea Irish Papist, Lissin Irea one eight pt of a Colpe, 165:00:00 acres The sd. Theobald Bourke pprietor in fee by Descent from his Ancestors on the sd. Lands there is a good thatcht house with stone walls.
Donnagh o Dwyer of Gurrane Irahy Irish Papist, Gurrane Irahy one eight pt Colpe, 165:00:00 acres The sd. Donnogh O'Dwyre pprietor thereof in fee by Descent from his ffather whoe purchased the same from Edmond Bourke long before the Rebellion. There is on the sd. Lands an Indifferent good orchard.
Donogh O Dwyer of Cule Inuir gt. Irish Papist, Lisboure one sixth pt of a Colpe, 165:00:00 acres The sd. Donogh Dwyer pprietor thereof in fee by Descent from his Ancestors and mortgaged the same to Charles O'Dwyer of Culleniure. The sd. Land is altogether wast wthout Improvemt.
The Countess of Ormond, Ballynahensy halfe a Colpe and halfe a qrter. Colpe, 750:00:00 acres The sd. Countess of Ormond pprietrix thereof in fee by Descent from her Ancestors. On the sd. Lands stands a castle Demolished wth. A Bawne on one side thereof together with a thatcht house a few cabbins all Inhabitted.
John Cantwell of Mockarky Esqr Irish Papist, Ballyvady the eight pt of a Colpe, 125:00:00 acres The sd. John Cantwell pprietor thereof in fee and purchased the same from one John Bourke in 1636 (as wee are informed) and conveyed over the sd. Lands on his Daugher as mariage portion having married Leut Collonell Kennedy a Protestant whoe Inbhaitted the same. On these lands stands an old Castle that wants repayre.
James Earle of Ormond, Lagganstowne three quarters of a colpe, 750:00:00 acres The sd. Earle of Ormond pprietor thereof in fee onely that the same was conveyed over to his mother the Lady of Thurles as Jointure. Uppon the sd. Lands stands a Castle wanting repayre wth. A Bawne & some thatcht cabbins.
James Earl of Ormond, Derryclony one qrter of a colpe, 250:00:00 acres The sd. Earle of Ormond Proprietor thereof in fee by Descent from his Ancestors And leased the same to John Butler. Uppon these lands stands a good thatcht house wth few Cabbins Inhabited.
James Earle of Ormond, Masterstowne one quarter of a Colpe, 250:00:00 acres The sd. Earle of Ormond pprietor thereof in fee by Descent & leased ye same to John Butler. There is on these lands a good Thatcht house wth. Few cabbins Inhabbited. Through the sd. Lands runns a brooke southwards to the river Shewir.
James Earle of Ormond, Ballyhimine one quarter Colpe, 250:00:00 acres The sd. Earle of Ormond pprietor thereof in fee by descent from his Ancestors and leased the same to John Butler. The sd. Land is wast without Improvemt.
Theobald Bourke of Lassenny Gent. Irish Papist, Lassenny and Beallaslattin one quarter & one sixth pt Colpe, 242:00:00 acres The sd. Theobald Bourke Inheritor thereof in fee by descent from his Ancestors and leased the one moytie thereof to James Hamilton sonn to the Arch Bissopp of Cashell. The sd. Land is wast wthout Improvemt.
Dermott Ryan of Sallaghodd Esqr John Ryan of Chomykearry gent Irish Papists, Glameogaffoe one twelfth pt of a colpe being pt of Clanwilliam & in the Territory of Kilnamanagh, 100:00:00 acres The sd. Lands being pt of Clanwilliam Barrony is not lying wthin any Parish of the sd Barrony butt is in the Parish of Tome in the Territory of Killnamanagh two or three miles distant from the lyne of this Barrony The means and bounds thereof wee cannot find out but Mr. William Dwyer of Derrymore & Mr. John Flood of Clonoulty in the Territory of Killnamanagh are best able to describe and assertaine the meares thereof.

1837
ROSECREA
a market and post-town (formerly the seat of a diocese), and a parish, partly in the baronies of Clonlisk and Ballybritt, King's county, and province of Leinster, but chiefly in the barony of Ikerrin, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 35 miles N.E. from Limerick, and 40 S.W. from Dublin, on the mail coach road to Limerick; containing 9096 inhabitants, of which number, 5512 are in the town. This place, of which the name, signifying a marshy situation, was descriptive of its early state, appears to have arisen from the foundation of a monastery here by St. Cronan, who flourished about the year 620, and was interred in the church. The establishment, which was for Canons Regular of the order of St. Augustine, was amply endowed, and soon became the seat of a small surrounding diocese; and the town had become a place of importance prior to the close of the 9th century. In 942, the Danes from Limerick and the west approached this place at the time of its great fair, which was frequented by merchants from all parts of the kingdom, and even from foreign parts; but the people, being apprised of their design, marched out of the town to meet them, and after an obstinate conflict, in which more than 4000 of their men were slain, entirely defeated them and killed their leader. The town was destroyed by fire in 1133 and 1147; and was plundered by the inhabitants of the district of Cashel in 1153, and in the year following was again destroyed by fire. During this century the ancient see of Rosecrea was united to that of Killalloe, since which period there is no further notice of the abbey. In 1213, King John, with the consent of the Bishop of Killalloe, proprietor of the manor of Rosecrea by the union of the sees, built a strong castle here to defend the town and neighborhood against the incursions of Moriertach O'Brien, who had committed great devastations in this part of the country. The manor was, in 1280, given to Edward I by Matthew Hogan, Bishop of Killalloe, with the assent of his Dean and Chapter, in exchange for other lands in the county of Dublin: and in the following year it was granted by that monarch to Edmond Butler, afterwards Earl of Carrick, in whose family it remained till the reign of William III, and by whom a strong castle was erected, of which a considerable part is still remaining. A Franciscan friary was founded here, in 1490, by Mulrany-na-Feasoige O'Carrol, or his wife Bribiana, which at the dissolution was granted to Thomas, Earl of Ormonde.
The town is situated on a small river which is tributary to the Brosna, and consists of several streets irregularly built, containing 663 houses, most of which are of indifferent appearance; the remains of its castles and ecclesiastical edifices, which were extensive and stately structures, with its ancient round tower, convey an idea of its former importance, and render it an interesting object as seen from the hills in the surrounding neighborhood, which abounds with picturesque scenery. The infantry barracks, formerly the mansion of the DAMER family, are adapted for seven officers and 106 non-commissioned officers and privates, with stabling for four horses. From its situation in the heart of a fertile district the town carries on a brisk trade for the supply of the smaller towns in the neighborhood, and is the principal mart for the agricultural and other produce of the surrounding country. The manufacture of coarse woolen cloths was established here in 1822, by Mr. Henry Buckley, and affords employment to about 100 persons; there are also three flour-mills, two breweries, and two tanneries, in full operation. The market days are Thursday and Saturday; and fairs are held on Mar 25th, May 7th, June 21st, Aug. 8th, Oct. 9th, and Nov. 29th, when vast quantities of cattle of all kinds and other farming stock are sold. The market-house is commodious, and there are also public shambles. A chief constabulary police force is stationed here; petty sessions are held every Monday, and a manorial court in which debts to the amount of 10 Irish pounds are recoverable, is held in the market-house every month before the seneschal. The bride-well contains 12 sleeping cells, 3 day-rooms, and two airing yards, with a hall which is used also for a chapel.
The parish comprises 10,719 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at 7859 per annum: the land is extremely fertile, and the system of agriculture greatly improved; limestone abounds and is quarried for agricultural purposes and for building, and there are extensive quarries of grit-stone. The seats are Juane, that of P. Jackson, Esq., situated in an extensive highly cultivated, and richly planted demesne; and Mt. Butler, the handsome and pleasant residence of Capt. Smith. Near the town but not within the parish, are Verdant Hill, the residence of Rev. Mr. Townsend; Corville, of the Hon. F. Prittie; Golden Grove, of W.P. Vaughan, Esq.; Mt. Heaton, of Mrs. Hutchinson; Mona Incha of G. Birch, Esq.; Glen Albert, of Albert F. Maxwell, Esq.; Killavella, of F. Jackson, Esq.; The Grove, of Smith, Esq.; Ashbury, of Ms. Bridge; Dungar Park, of Mr. Evans; Laurel Hill, of S.Palmer, Esq.; Lowlands, of Miss Rollestone; and Mill Park, of Adam Acres, Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, episcopally united, in 1779, to the rectory and vicarage of Kyle, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to 484.12.3 3/4. The glebe-house, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits contributed a gift of 100 and a loan of 596.6.1 3/4. The church, towards the repair of which the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have granted 160, is situated near the site of the ancient abbey, and was erected in 1812. In the R.C. divisions the parish is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Kyle, and containing a chapel in each parish. There are places of worship for the Society of Friends and Primitive Methodists. About 260 children are taught in three public schools, of which one is supported by the trustees of Erasmus Smith's charity and endowed with 2 acres of land by Lady DAMER, who also contributed 300 for the erection of the school-house; and there are seven private schools in which there are about 200 children. A dispensary was established in 1809 by the late Drs. Smith and Powell; and in 1830 the Earl of PORTARLINGTON gave a plot of land as a site and 50 towards the erection of a suitable building. A fever hospital and house of recovery was established by subscription in 1824; it contained four sick wards and two convalescent wards, and is capable of accommodating 32 sick and 24 convalescing patients. A cholera hospital was erected in 1832, which contains two wards and is capable of receiving 40 patients.
The only remains of the ancient abbey is the western gable, with an arched door now forming an entrance to the present churchyard; on each side of the arch are two flat niches, and above the doorway is a figure of the patron saint, Cronan, but much mutilated. In the churchyard is part of a circular cross, which, with another stone now forming part of the wall, is called the shrine of St. Cronan, and is rudely sculptured with a representation of the crucifixion and other figures. On the opposite side of the road, to the north-west of the old church, is an ancient round tower; it is about 80 feet high and in good preservation, and is covered with a domed roof of wood; around its base are two tiers of stone steps, and about 15 feet from the ground is a circular arched doorway, above which, at an elevation of 15 feet, is a pointed window. there are also some remains of the Culdee establishment of Mona Incha, where, from the time of St. Columba, who flourished early in the 6th century, and was the founder of that order, subsisted till the beginning of the 17th century a fraternity of monks remarkable for their learning and sanctity, who strenuously resisted the usurptations of the see of Rome, and are mentioned by Archbishop Ussher as existing in the earlier part of his time. In the north-western part of the town are the remains of the Franciscan friary, still in tolerable preservation; the tower of the ancient church forms the entrance to the R.C. chapel. In a street called the Mall is still standing a circular tower, forming a portion of the castle erected by King John, which has been recently roofed; and in the centre of the town, and in good preservation, is the lofty square castle built by the Ormonde family, part of which has been appropriated as a depot for military stores for the use of the troops quartered in the barracks. St. Canace here wrote a copy of the four gospels, called Glass Kennic, or "the Chain of Canice", which till the time of Archbishop Ussher was preserved in the abbey of this place; there was also a curious copy written by Dimma, a scribe, the son of Aengus son of Carthin, which was also kept there in a curiously ornamented box, and was most probably the manuscript in the possession of Sir William Betham, Ulster King at Arms. There is a chalybeate spring at Corville, near the town.

1889
SHRONELL, Tipperary 
Shronell is a rural post office in the parish of the same name, 3 miles, Irish, west by south from Tipperary.  It is situated in a good butter-making district.  .

1837
SILVERMINES
a village, in the parish of Kilmore, barony of Upper Ormond, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 4 miles S. from Nenagh; on the old road from Limerick to Dublin; containing 791 inhabitants. This place takes its name from some mines which were formerly worked here under the direction of Lord William Russell and Sir Charles Brooke, who held them from the Crown, previously to the parliamentary war in 1641, when the works were destroyed, and the miners, who were chiefly foreigners, were all massacred. The lead ore extracted from these mines was exceedingly pure, and contained a larger proportion of silver than any of the Irish ores, with the exception only of those of Bangor. The mines are now the property of Lord Dunally, whose seat, Kilboy, is within a mile of the village, and from whom they are held by an English company, by whom they have been recently brought into extensive operation. Machinery of every kind requisite to facilitate the various operations have been constructed, smelting-houses erected, and already several hundred men are employed by the company. The village contains 131 houses, several of which are neatly built. Fairs are held on May 1st, June 8th, Sept. 12th, and Oct. 25th, chiefly for farming stock. The parish church of Kilmore, a neat edifice with a spire, nearly covered with ivy, ornamented with a beautifully painted window representing Faith, Hope and Charity, and containing a monument to the late Lady Dunally, is situated in the village; in which are also a plain neat R.C. chapel, a dispensary, a charitable loan fund, and a poor's fund for the parishes of Kilmore and Dolla.

1654
SOLLOGHODBEGGE (After the Meares and Bounds of the Parish)
The sd Parish lyeth in the barrony of Clanwilliam. The whole Tythe great and small of the sd. Parish belongeth to the Viccar and was worth in 1640 LI020:00:00
In the sd parish there are a hundred plantacon acres of timberwood stnading in the quarter colpe of Solloghodbegg wihtin mile to Grenane Garison. The rest of the lands of the sd. Parish are good arable medowes & champion ground.
The old brocken castle of Solloghodbegg Irrepayreable & the stumpe of a castle in Kile wanting repayre stands in the sd Parish.
The afforesd Parish contayneth sevall colpes of land heere under written (vizt) the quarter colpe of Solloghodbegg, & the halfe colpe of Kile and Raheene. The sd Parish is totally wast.
Proprietors in 1640, Denominacon of lands, Number of plant acres
Richard Butler & George English both of Solloghodbegg Irish Papists, Solloghodbegg one quarter of a colpe, 355:00:00 acres The sd. Richard Butler pprietor of the two pts of the sd qrter colpe by grant from William English Deced ffoster father to the sd Richard about sixty yeares past (as wee are informed). The sd George pprietor of the other third pt in fee by Descent from his Ancestors. On the top of Sollaghodbegg hill stands the stumpe of a castle Irepayreable. The sd land is wast wthout Improvemt.
Eustas English of Kile Gent, One quarter of a third pt of a qrter colpe of the halfe colpe of Kile & Raheene, 308:00:00 acres Wm. English and Thomas Baker, The twelfth pt of a colpe in Kile afforesd, 116:00:00 acres James English & Piers English of Gort Inerick, Pt of Kile afforesd called Gort Inericke containing the 10th pt of a colpe, 116:00:00 acres The sd Eustace, William, James and Piers English pprietors of the sd halfe colpe in fee by descent from their Ancestors being coheres. The sd Thomas Baker had a mortgage before the Rebellion of the sd Piers Englishes moytie in Gort Inerick and the twelfth pt colpe to Kile belonging to William English as wee are informed. On the lands of Ratheene stnds a stumpe of a castle out of repayre.

TEMPLEDERRY
a parish, in the barony of Upper Ormond, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 6 miles S.E. from Nenagh; containing 1857 inhabitants. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Killaloe, and in the patronage of the Bishop: the tithes amount to 157.9.3 3/4. The church is a small building in good repair. In the R.C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising also the parish of Kilnanave, in which union are three chapels, two in Templederry, and one in Kilnanave. There are 6 private schools, in which are about 320 children.

1837
TEMPLEDERRY
A parish, in the barony of Upper Ormond, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 6 miles S.E. from Nenagh, on the mail coach road from Dublin to Limerick; containing 475 inhabitants. Pallas, the seat of J. Short, Esq., is in this parish. It is a rectory, in the diocese of Killaloe, forming part of the union of Ballymackey; the tithes amount to 83.1.6 1/2. In the R.C. divisions it is part of the union or district of Aghnamadle, also called Toomavara. The chapel is a neat building in the village of Toomavara. Knockane castle is situated on an eminence, and forms a landmark, though in ruins.

1654
TAMPLE INEYRY Tample Ineyry or Tampleneyry(After the Meares and Bounds)
The sd. Parish lying and being in the barrony of Clanwm. Two thirds of the Tythes great and small thereof is Impropriat belonging to James Sall of Cashell Esqr. By lease from the Earle of Ormond The other third pt is a viccarage The tytes both great and small of the sd. parish was worth in 1640 LI 040:00:00
The gleabland of the said Parish situated & being in Tample Inyry Towne containeing fower plant acres arable land neere to the Church of Tample Ineyry Parish.
Upon the lands of Banshigh stands a demolished castle lying & being in this Parish The sd. Parish contaynes 128 acres of Timberwood.
The sd. Parish cont. the sevall colpes heereunder written (vizt.) Beallankeala three colpes Coulevoungy one colpe Killoquirke one colpe. In all five colpes.
Edward Butler of Ballybirrane Esqr, Piers Butler of Banshigh Esqr, Piers Butler of Banshigh Esqr, The Lord of Castle Connell, Theobald Bourke of Rossidrohid and Donnogh Macraigh Gent of Lisvonny Irish Papists, Beallanchela three colpes, 3000:00:00 acres The sd. Piers Butler ppriotor of a colpe and the two third pts of a colpe of the sd lands of Beallanchela. Edward Butler pprietor of Ballydaffeighartagh and Ballybirrane being two parts of a colpe in Beallanchela. The sd. Lord of Castleconnell pprietor of a twelfth pt of a colpe & the third pt of a colpe in Beallankeile called bollyfinganagh and the moytie of Rossydrohid. The sd. Donnagh McGrath pprieto of the twelfth pt of a colpe called Lissivunny. Uppon these lands stands a castle in Banshigh wanting repayre and some thatcht cabbins Inhabitted and the rest wast. There are twenty plantn. Acres of timber wood upon this land.
Richard Quirke of Kileoquirke Irish Papist, Killeoquirk one colpe, 2000:00:00 acres The said Richard Quirke pprietor thereof in fee by Descent from his ffather. Coolegort and Gort Inidory and Coologe pcells of the sd. colpe mearing wth Booleene and Balyshida were mortgaged to the Arch Bishopp of Cashell and confered over by the sd. Lord Archbipp uppon his sonn James Hamilton (as wee are informed) consisting of fifteene acres arable. Wee find noe evidence of this mortgage past to the sd. Lord Archbishopp but the bare saying of one John Knockes. On the sd. ld. Are 8 acres of wood a milseate & a River yt runs through the sd. lands called Ahirloe.
Edward Butler of Cullyvongy, Patrick Boyton of Thomastowne and Richard Kearny of Culeavongy Irish Papists, Coullyvongy one colpe, 1000:00:00 acres The sd. Edward Butler pprietor of a forth pt of the sd colpe by purchas. The sd. Patrick Boyton pprietor of a forth pt and a sixth pt of the sd. Colpe by purchas. The sd. Richard Kearny pprietor of a third pt colpe by purchas.

1837
TEMPLENEIRY or BANSHA
a parish, in the barony of Clanwilliam, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 4 miles S.S.E. from Tipperary; containing 2975 inhabitants, of which number, 281 are in the village. The village is pleasantly situated on the mail coach road from Limerick, through Cahir, Clonmel and Carrick-on-Suir, to Waterford, and in 1831, contained 45 houses. A mill is worked by a stream from the river Arra, which runs through the village. A penny post to Clonmel has recently been established; and it is a station of the constabulary police. The parish is bounded on the south by the summit of part of the Galtee mountains; on the west by Trinity College lands and a stream which separates it from part of the parish of Kilshane; on the north by the parish of Clonfinglass and the river Arra; and on the east by the parish Clonbullogue. It comprises 11,443 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act, and valued at 4516 per annum; more than one-half is arable and pasture land, and the remainder mountain. The rivers Arra and Aherlow flow through the parish: The Arra is remarkable for its excellent trout, which are of a rich pink color, and in season throughout the year; and the Aherlow abounds with trout and eels, and frequently has salmon. A considerable portion of the Galtee mountains extends through the parish from east to west, and is partly pasturable for sheep and goats and a few mountain cattle, producing various kinds of heath and fern, and abounding with grouse, hares and rabbits. A portion of the Tipperary hills on the estates of E. O'RYAN and J.A. BUTLER, Esqs., is also in the parish; these hills stretch in a direction parallel with the Galtees, and are much frequented by woodcocks and foxes. The intervening valley is very fertile and in a high state of cultivation. In the bogs near the base of the hills have been found several large black oaks lying horizontally near the surface. The parish is well wooded throughout; on the Galtees is Ballydavid, an extensive wood of oak, beech, birch, larch, fir and Weymouth pine; and on the Tipperary hills is Bansha Wood, abounding with thickset, beech, birch, fir and oak; there are also several plantations, and nearly adjoining the village is a good nursery. Lime stone is the prevailing substratum, and is quarried for building, repairing the roads, and burning into lime for manure. A road from Cashel to Mitchelstown intersects the parish, and there are numerous other roads, which are kept in excellent repair. Lismacue, the seat of Hugh Baker, Esq, is a handsome castellated mansion, pleasantly situated in a highly cultivated demesne embellished with stately avenues of lime and beech trees, which latter are considered to be the finest in the kingdom. Bansha castle, the seat of E. O'RYAN, Esq., an elegant building in the castellated style, and Aherlow Castle, of J.A. BUTLER, Esq., are also prettily situated. Ash-Grove Castle, or Castle-Mary, the seat of Treavor Lloyd Ashe, Lord of the Manor of Bansha, is a castellated mansion in the Italian style of architecture, situated at the base of the Galtee mountains, 4000 acres of which are attached to the estate: the mountain scenery is exceedingly wild and romantic, and the rich and well-wooded vale beneath presents a pleasing contrast to the grandeur of the adjacent heights. On the estate is an ancient well, dedicated to St. Berryhearth, which is much frequented by the peasantry; and in the demesne is a small temple, in the Grecian style, with pleasure grounds attached, dedicated to the virgin. About half-way to the summit of the mountains is Lake Musgrave, an extensive sheet of water, imbedded within rocks, whose frowning summits afford secure eyries to eagles, and retreats to other birds of prey. The other seats are Ballydavid House, that of G. Baker, Esq.; Ashgrove of S. Moore, Esq.; Barnalough House of P. Smithwicke, Esq.; and Ruan Lodge of T.S. Manning, Esq.
The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Cashel, united from time immemorial to the rectory and vicarage of Graystown and the vicarage of Donohill, together constituting the corps of the precentorship of Cashel, and in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to 230.15.4 1/2, and the tithes of the benefice amount to 675.7.8 1/4; the entire value of the precentorship, including glebe, is returned at 723.7.4. The church is a neat building, to which a handsome spire was added in 1813; it contains a marble monument to the late William Baker, Esq. of Lismaque. The glebe-house, near the church, is a commodious residence; the glebe contains nine acres, and there are also two pieces of ground in the parish of Donohill, containing 58a.2r.6p., belonging to the precentor and let on lease at 7 rent and a renewal fine of 14 annually. The R.C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; the chapel, adjoining the churchyard, is a neat building. There are four pay schools, in which are about 160 boys and 60 girls. In the marsh lands have been found heads, horns and skeletons of the moose deer, one of which, of large dimensions, was found some few years since. The only relic of antiquity is a ruined wall, said to have formed part of the ancient castle of Bansha, but its history is quite unknown.

1837
TEMPLENOE OR LISTNAVILLA
a parish, in the barony of Clanwilliam, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 3 miles N.E. from Tipperary, on the road to Cashel, containing 1089 inhabitants. It comprises 3037 statute acres, as apploted under the Tithe Act, and valued at 3548 per annum, consisting chiefly of rich grazing land. The principal seats are Greenane, the residence of R. Southcote Mansergh, Esq.; Friarsfield Cottage of Capt. Robert Mansergh; and Newtown Cottage, of Jonathon C. Mansergh, Esq. It is a rectory and village, in the diocese of Cashel, forming part of the union of Tipperary; the tithes amount to 184.12.3 1/2. The glebe-house of the union is in this parish. About 120 children are educated in two private schools.

1837
TEMPLETOUHY
a parish, in the barony of Ikerrin, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 4 miles E.S.E. from Templemore, on the road by Johnstown to Kilkenny; containing 2653 inhabitants, of which number, 602 are in the village. This parish, which is separated from the parish of Callabeg by a small stream which also separates the baronies of Ikerrin and Eliogarty, comprises 6193 statute acres, as applotted under the tithe act. The land is generally of good quality, and principally under tillage; there is a large portion of bog, which might be very easily reclaimed. The principal seats are Cranagh, the property of J. Lloyd, Esq., but now in the occupation of the Rev. M.N. Thompson, a handsome mansion attached to a circular tower in the rear, the remains of a very ancient castle; and Long Orchard, the residence of Richard Lalor Sheil, Esq. The village has lately been much improved, and several new houses have been built; a penny-post has been established; nine monthly fairs are held in the year, chiefly for the sale of pigs; and a constabulary police force has been stationed there. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, united to the rectory and vicarage of Callabeg, together forming the corps of the prebend of Kilbragh, in the cathedral of Cashel, and in the patronage of the Archbishop. The tithes amount to 501.10.; the glebe comprises 13 3/4 acres, and the gross value of the benefice is 749.10. 9 1/4 per annum. The church is situated in the village. In the R.C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Moyne; the chapel, a neat building, is situated in the village. About 340 children are taught in four public schools, of which the parochial school is supported by the rector; and there is a dispensary. There are remains of several old castles in the parish.

1837
TEMPLEICHARRY or TEMPLEKELLY or CALLATHAMERY
a parish, in the barony of Owney and Arra, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 1/4 of a mile E. from Killaloe, on the road to Limerick, and on the river Shannon; containing 4724 inhabitants. The land is mostly in tillage; there is some bog on the mountains. There are good quarries of grit-stone, which is used extensively for building. A slate quarry is worked at Ryninch; and the Derry slate quarries, situated in this parish, were formerly very extensively worked. Derry Castle, the seat of M.P. Head, Esq., is situated in a noble demesne abounding with remarkably fine old timber; the scenery in its vicinity is extremely beautiful, and the Shannon bounds the demesne on the west. The other seats are Derry Ville, the residence of J. Salmon, Esq.; Ryninch, of J. O'Brien, Esq.; Fort Henry, of Finch White, Esq.; and Shannon View, of H. Franks, Esq. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Emly, forming part of the union of Kilmastulla; the tithes amount to 406.3.1. In the R.C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, comprising this parish and that of Kilmastulla, and called Ballina; in each of the parishes is a chapel. There are six private schools, in which are about 790 children, and a Sunday school. On the upper Killary mountain, a son of one of the Kings of Leinster was buried: on an island in the Shannon, opposite the ruins of an old church, are the remains of a monastery; and on the north side of the bridge at Ballina are the ruins of a castle, built most probably to defend the passage of the river.

1837
THURLES
a market and post-town, and a parish, in the barony of Eliogarty, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 24 3/4 miles N. from Clonmel. and 75 S.W. from Dublin, on the road from Tipperary to Templemore; containing 10,031 inhabitants, of which number, 7084 are in the town. This place, originally called Durlas-O'Fogarty. is of great antiquity, and in the 10th century was the scene of a memorable battle between the Danes and the native Irish, in which the former suffered a signal defeat. Soon after the English invasion, the Ostmen of Dublin, on their march to reinforce Strongbow, who was then encamped at Cashel, halted at this place in careless security, when O'Brien of Thomond suddenly attacked and defeated them, with the loss of 400 of their men and their four principal commanders. O'Brien soon afterwards encountered the English borderers, who were extending their power in this direction, and meeting with them at this place, compelled them to retreat. A castle appears to have been erected here at an early period, which in 1208 was besieged by Hugh de Lacy and taken from Geoffrey MacMorris, by whom it was then occupied. In 1300 a monastery for Carmelites was founded here by one of the Butler family, which at the dissolution was granted, with all its dependencies, to Thomas, Earl of Ormonde. A preceptory of Knights Templars is said to have been also founded here, of which probably the castle before mentioned may have been a part, but no authentic record exists of such an establishment. The principal castle was erected by James Butler, the first Lord Palatine of Tipperary, one of whose descendents was, in 1535, created Viscount Thurles:this castle, during the parliamentary war, was garrisoned for the King, but was afterwards taken by the parliamentary forces, by whom it was demolished.

The town is pleasantly situated on the banks of the river Suir, by which it is divided into two nearly equal parts, connected with each other by a low bridge; and consists of one spacious street, from each extremity of which smaller streets diverge in various directions. In 1831 it contained 1210 houses, most of which are neatly built and several are of handsome appearance: there are infantry barracks on a small scale. The environs in every direction are pleasant, and are enlivened by richly varied scenery: the surrounding country is extremely fertile, and the town is the commercial centre of a populous and highly cultivated district, and is rapidly increasing in wealth and importance. A considerable trade is carried on in corn, which is sent by land carriage to Clonmel; it has also an excellent retail trade, and contains a large brewery and a tannery. The market days are Tuesday and Saturday; and fairs are held on the first Tuesday in every month, on Easter Monday, and on the 21st of Aug. and Dec. The market-house is a neat building in the western part of the main street. A chief constabulary police force is stationed in the town; general sessions for the county are held twice in the year, and petty sessions every Saturday. The sessions-house is a neat modern building; and near it is a well-arranged bridewell, containing 22 cells, 4 day-rooms, and two airing yards.
The parish comprises 7290 statute acres, of which 5670 are arable, 810 pasture, and 810 bog and waste: the land in cultivation is of very good quality, producing abundant crops, and the system of agriculture is improved. An abundant supply of fuel is obtained from the bogs, and from the Slievardagh coal mines, which are about 8 miles distant. Brittas Castle, the property of the Langley family, was commenced on a very extensive scale by the late Capt. Langley, but remains in an unfinished state. The Archbishop of Cashel has a handsome residence here, and there is also the residence of a stipendiary magistrate in the parish. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, partly impropriate in ___ Bagwell, Esq., and Mrs. Downes, and partly united, by act of council, in 1682, to the vicarages of Rahelty, Shyane, and Adnith, and in the patronage of the Archbishop. The tithes amount to 995, of which 135 is payable to the impropriators, and 680 to the vicar. The glebe-house, towards which the late Board of First Fruits contributed a gift of 100 and a loan of 1500, in 1820, is a good residence; the glebe comprises 69 statute acres, and the gross value of the benefice amounts to 1022.3.6 per annum. The church is a neat edifice at the east end of the town, towards the erection of which the late Board of First Fruits advanced a loan of 2000. The R.C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established Church; it is the head of the diocese, and the mensal of the Archbishop. The chapel, which is the cathedral of the diocese, is a spacious and handsome structure, erected at an expense of 10,000, and one of the finest buildings of the kind in Ireland. Near it are the Urusuline and Presentation convents, the ladies of which employ themselves in the gratuitous instruction of poor female children; each has a private chapel. St. Patrick's College, established in 1836 for the liberal education of R.C. young gentlemen upon modest terms, is a handsome building in an improved demesne of 25 acres, bounded on one side by the river Suir. About 700 children are taught in four public schools, of which the conventual schools are partly supported by a bequest of 2000 from the late Most Rev. Dr. James Butler, and those of the Christian Brethren by a similar bequest from the Most Rev. Dr. Bray, the interest of which he appropriated to the instruction and clothing of poor boys; and the parochial school is supported by the incumbent. There are also 13 private schools, in which are nearly 700 children; and a dispensary. It is said that till within the last 20 or 30 years there were the ruins of seven castles in this parish; there are still vestiges of two, and also of a large mansion, formerly the residence of the Earl of Llandaff. The remains of the principal castle are situated close to the bridge, and consist at present of a lofty quadrangular keep, with various embattled walls and gables: the other, which is situated at the western extremity of the town, and is ascribed to the Knights Templars, appears to have been of very small extent; a little to the north of it was an ancient moat. In this part of the town are also the remains of the ancient monastery, consisting of a great part of a strong tower, with some mouldering walls. Grose, in his Antiquities, states that St. Mary's church, belonging to a Franciscan monastery, founded by the O'MEAGHERS in the 15th century, occupied the site of the present R.C. chapel. Manus O'Fohily, the last abbot, refused to surrender it at the dissolution, and was taken prisoner to Dublin, where he suffered a long confinement. On the townland of Killinard are the remains of an old church, to which is attached a burial ground. The greater part of the parish is the property of Lady Elizabeth Matthew, sister of the late Earl of Llandaff. Thurles gives the inferior title of Viscount to the Marquess of Ormonde.

1654
Parish of TIPPERARY (After the Meares and Bounds of the Parish)
The sd Parish lyeth in the Barrony of Clanwilliam the two pts of the tythes great and small thereof being impropriat & belonging to the Earl of Ormond by Pattent from the Crowne (as wee are informed). The other third pt the Ciccarage. The tythes great and small of the sd. Parish was worth in 1640 LI040:00:00
The Spittle of Tippary being twenty acres arable did belong to the Earle of Corke wthin the towne of Tippary.
There are twenty arable acres of plant measure called Gortivollin, ffarin Itunny Coulegort and Gurteenenahagilshy belonging to the Abby of Tippary for peious uses as wee are informed.
On the lands of Tobburbryen is this Parish stands a demolished castle.
The sd. Parish contayneth the sevall colpes herunder written (vizt) Barronstowne-Laffan one eight pt of a colpe, Ballynamought Ballinvey and Barronstowne one Quarter colpe, Tippary one colpe, Tobberbryne one sixth pt of a colpe, Ballyneyallardy one quarter colpe both Rathinvins one colpe wanting the sixth pt Bohirvendromy & Gort Ichirin one twentieth pt of a colpe. In all two colpes and two third pts of a colpe. This Parish is altogether good pfitable land.
Proprietors in 1640, Denominacon of lands, Number of plant acres
Derby Ryan of Solloghodmore Esqr Irish Papist, In Tippary and Bohircrow one halfe colpe, 400:00:00 acres. The sd. Derby Ryan pprietor thereof by descent from his ffather whoe demised the sd lands unto William Warter of Cullin Esqr for a valuable consideration. Uppon these lands stands a mill seate wth some thatcht houses and moe other Improvemt.
Daniell Ryan of Tobburbryen, Eustas English of Kile & John Bourke of Tippary Irish Papists, In Tippary Carran & Greyenrath halfe a colpe, 400:00:00 acres The sd. Eustace English and John Bourke pprietors of a third pt of the sd. Lands in fee by Descent from their Ancestors. The sd. Daniell Ryan pprietor in fee by descent from his Ancestors of the other two pts of the sd. Lands. On the sd. Lands stands some cabbins not Inhabited.
Daniell Ryan of Tobberbryen gt. Irish Papist, Tobberbryen one sixth pt colpe, 150:00:00 acres The sd. Daniell Ryan pprietor thereof in fee by descent from his ffather. There are few cabbins on the sd lands & a demolished castle not Inhabitted.
James Earl of Ormond, Raghnyven halfe a colpe wanting ye sixth pt colpe, 150:00:00 acres The sd Earle of Ormond pprietor thereof in fee and leased the same to Sr. Hardres Waller whoe possessed the same by vertue thereof it being pt of the three colpes belonging to Grenane.
Willm oge Ryan of Solloghode Esqr. Irish Papist, Rathnivenrian halfe a colpe want the sixth pt, 150:00:00 acres. The sd. William oge Ryan pprietor thereof in fee by descent whoe mortgaged the same to John Cantwell of Ballymckeady Esqr. The land is all wast wthout Improvemt.
Theobald Bourke of Allin Gent Irish Papist, Gort Ikearin and Bohirvindrory the twentieth pt of a colpe, 030:00:00 acres The sd Theobald Bourke, pprietor thereof in fee by Descent from his Ancestors. This land is wast wthout Improvemt.
Richard Laffan of Barronstowne Esqr Irish Papist, Barronstowne one eight pt of a colpe, 150:00:00 acres The sd. Richard Laffan pprietor in fee by descent from his Ancestors. This land is wast wthout Improvemt.
The Countess of Ormond, Ballynamoght Ballinvie & halfe Barronstowne one quarter colpe, 200:00:00 acres The sd. Countess of Ormond pprietor of the sd. Lands in fee by descent from her Ancestors. This land is all wast wthout Improvemt.
Thomas Cantwell of Ballynellardy Irish Papist, Ballynellardy one quarter of a colpe, 250:00:00 acres The sd. Thomas Cantwell pprietor thereof in fee by descent from his ffather whoe purchased the same. Through tese lands runns the River Ara. The sd. Land is all wast wthout Improvemt.

1837
TIPPERARY
a market town and a parish, in the barony of Clanwilliam, County of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 18 1/2 miles (W.N.W.) from Clonmel, and 100 3/4 (S.W.) from Dublin, on the mail coach road from Waterford to Limerick; containing 7,996 inhabitants, of which number, 6972 are in the town. This place, which is of great antiquity, is supposed to have derived its name, Tipra-Rae, signifying in the Irish language "The well of the plains", and of which its present appellation is only a slight modification, from its situation at the base of the Slieve-na-muck hills, forming a portion of the Galtee mountains. A castle was erected here by King John for the defense of the territory acquired by the English, to which may be attributed the growth of the town.; and the subsequent foundation of a monastery for Augustinian canons in the reign of Henry III contributed materially to its increase. The town, which gives its name to the county, appears to have had formerly a corporation, from a grant made in 1310 by Edward II to "the bailiffs and good men of Typerary" allowing them "murage (as Adare) for three years." In 1329 the town was burnt by Breyn O'Breyn, but the monastery appears to have subsisted until the dissolution, when it was granted by Henry VIII, to Dermot Ryan, at a yearly rent of eightpence.

The present town is situated on the river Arra, and consists of one principal street, from which several smaller streets branch off at right angles; in 1831 it contained 1042 houses, several of which are well built and of handsome appearance. The inhabitants are supplied with water from a public fountain, erected at the expense of Stafford O'Brien, Esq.., who, with the representatives of John Smith Barry, Esq., is joint proprietor of the town, which has been placed under the provisions of the cleansing act, and it is intended to extend to it that for lighting and watching. Considerable improvements have been made and are still in progress; many of the old houses have been taken down and new buildings erected, and the town has a very neat and thriving appearance: a penny post to Cappawhite and Bansha has been established: There are temporary barracks for the accommodation of 100 infantry. The principal trade is in agricultural produce, which is purchased in the market and sent for shipment to Waterford and Limerick, to which places also about 30,000 casks of butter are sent annually; and there is a large retail trade for the supply of the populous and extensive surrounding district. The markets, which are amply supplied, are on Thursday and Saturday; and fairs are held on April 5th, June 24th, Oct. 10th and Dec. 10th. The market-house, over which is a news-room, a neat building in the centre of the town, and the shambles, were erected at the expense of J.S. Barry, Esq. This place is the residence of the chief magistrate of police for the district, who generally has from 20 to 25 men stationed here; and there is a small bridewell, containing four cells, two day-rooms and two-airing yards. Petty sessions are held every Thursday.

The parish comprises 4263 statute acres, as applotted under the Tithe Act; the land is of excellent quality, and in a high state of cultivation; the system of agriculture is improved, and there is no waste land. Limestone of good quality is quarried in the vicinity, and adjoining the quarry is also one of building stone. The principal seats are Sadlier's Wells, the residence of W. Sadlier, Esq., a handsome house in a fine demesne, the grounds and gardens of which are tastefully laid out; Scalliheen, of _ Sadlier, Esq.; Roseborough, of J. Roe, Esq., finely situated in an improved demesne; and Pegsborough, of G. Bradshaw, Esq. The living is a rectory, in the diocese of Cashel, united by act of council, in 1682, to the rectory and vicarage of Templenoe and the rectories of Clonbulloge and Kilfeacle, and in the patronage of the Archbishop; the tithes amount to 276.18. 5 1/2. The glebe-house is in the parish of Templenoe; the glebes together comprise 40 1/4 acres, and the gross va!
lue of the benefice is 967.7.8 1/2 per annum. The church, situated in the town, was erected in 1830, for which purpose the late Board of First Fruits advanced a loan of 2500, and the Ecclesiastical Commissioners have recently granted 127 for its repair. The R.C. parish is co-extensive with that of the Established church; there is a small chapel in the town, which is about to be rebuilt on a larger scale; also a place of worship for Wesleyan Methodists. A National school-house has been lately built, capable of holding about 600 children: there are two other public schools, supported by Erasmus Smith's trustees, one of which is a classical school; and 16 private schools, in which are about 530 children, also a dispensary and fever-hospital. On the lawn in front of the classical school-house are some remains of the Augustinian monastery, consisting chiefly of an arched gateway, from which circumstance the school building is called Abbey House. There is a chalybeate spring in the adjoining hills, which is much frequented during summer.

1889
TIPPERARY, Tipperary 
Population 7,274 in 1881 Tipperary, in the parish of the same name, barony of Clanwilliam, is on the Waterford and Limerick Railway, 24 1/2 miles, English, west by north from Clonmel, and 3 miles from Limerick Junction, Great Southern and Western Railway.  It rises out of the valley of the river Ara to a height most favorable for the maintenance of good sanitary conditions.  The situation, from all points of view, is charming.  In the surroundings there is a chain of green hills, affording easily accessible look-out points, and the Galtee Mountains, with the lowe peaks, including Slievenamuck, 1,215 feet, in the foreground, and the higher, with Galtymore, 3,015, at the back.  The beautiful Glen of Aherlow lies between these, at a distance of about 3 miles.  Handsome private residences, in richly wooded demesnes, are features of the prospect at every outlet.

The town, itself, is well calculated and well built, and the streets, for the greater part, are of adequate breadth, and has good foot-ways.  In all the thoroughfares the houses devoted trade, with few exceptions, have a flourishing appearance.  Some, as may be seen from the illustrations, are quite imposing.  During prosperous times, Tipperary was reckoned among the best business centers in Ireland, of its size.  Considering that the depression has been pretty general throughout the Kingdom, this estimate may still be regarded as not far out of the way.  Its exceptional position is due to the fertility of the large district contributing to the markets.  A great part of this has a limestone basis, and is famous for pastures, embracing the Golden Vale.

Markets for general produce are held every Thursday and Saturday.  The butter market is held daily during the season of seven months, and to this the supply averages about 450 casks.  The right to hold markets was given by Charles II to Erasmus Smith in 1666.  An enclosed space is provided for general produce, with entrance from the main street.  Tolls are charged at the rate of 3d. per load.  Potatoes, etc., 1d. per sack.  The butter market is in Church-street.  Mr. Cooper Chadwick leases the weight-house from Mr. Arthur H. Smith-Barry, landlord, and charges 3d. per cask for weighing and delivering.  A movement was initiated at the beginning of this year looking to the establishment of a weekly market for poultry.  Fairs are held monthly for cattle, sheep, and horses, and for pigs on preceding days.  Dates are given in the list of fairs, for which see index.  The old fair green, near the railway station, consists of about two acres.  This has been used for horses as well as cattle, but at the beginning of 1889 it was proposed that the green opposite the Catholic Church should be utilized for horses specially, with the object of establishing a great fair. 

Tipperary is an important military station, and has extensive barracks erected in recent years, containing all the modern improvements, with first-rate quarters for married men, etc.  The town is the head of a Constabulary district, and has a resident magistrate.  It is likewise the head of a Poor Law Union.  Two sessions of the County Court are held here, usually in April and November.

BEFORE AND SINCE THE ENGLISH CONNECTION. In Pagan times the site of the present town was a camping ground of considerable consequence, and contained a well which was the object of superstitious veneration.  This was called Tibrad Ara, signifying the spring in the territory of Ara, and ultimately, by process of evolution, became Tipperary.  Down to about sixty years ago the water was prized for its purity.  The spring then had an outlet on the premises of Mr. John Ryan, in Bridge-street, and when covered there broke out in the garden owned by Mr. Maurice Hayes, at the opposite side of the way.  The elevations known as the Hills of Tipperary, once contained very large earthen fortifications.  The line extended for about half a mile from south-west to north-east, and included what is locally called "Mutton Pie Hill".  One fort, still perfect, and very high, is seen from trains going toward Clonmel.  It was adjoined by another now partly removed, the contents having been found suitable for road-repairing.  Popular opinion attributes to the Danes the erection of these works, but Dr. John O'Donovan, who made an examination in 1840, suggests that they were of Irish origin, and had been used for royal or princely residences.

The English connection with the county began in 1172 upon the arrival of Henry II, but there is no mention of Tipperary until the entry of prince John, 1185.  As Lord of Ireland, by appointment from the Pope, he immediately directed his attention to the security of the English in their settlements.  With this purpose he ordered the creation of a strong castle at Tipperary, but what eventually became of it does not appear.  A monastery for canons regular of the order of St. Augustine was founded in the thirteenth century, and continued to exist until the reign Henry VIII when it was granted to Dermot Ryan.  Of the entire buildings only one arch remains, and this is seen in the grounds of the Grammar School.

It is supposed that the town was incorporated by Edward I, for there is a record to show that Edward II, in 1310, made a grant of murage to the "Bailiffs and Good men".  Bryan O'Brien burned Tipperary in 1329.  The O'Briens, with the Fitzgeralds, for a period of three hundred years held possession of Galbally and district, at the head of the Glen of Aherlow.  This was an important pass between a portion of Cork and the County Tipperary, and the right to dominate it was a fruitful cause of rivalry and conflict.  While the Geraldine Leagues made head-quarters in the Galtees, sixteenth century, stirring scenes were enacted in the vicinity of the town.

The campaign of 1650 resulted in the settlement of the choicest lands of the Tipperary district by Cromwellians.  Soon after the passage of the Act for the watching, lighting and cleansing of corporate towns, 1829, Tipperary came under its provisions.  This measure, known better as 9th George IV, was promoted in the interests of Newry, and found so valuable that it was extended to all the other towns.  Through an illegality in the election of commissioners it became inoperative in 1874.  In December, 1875, all the provisions of the 17th and 18th of Victoria, chap. 103, were taken advantage of.  Eighteen commissioners are elected.  The term of office is three years.   An election is held annually, October 15th, for the return of six commissioners.  The chairman is chosen every year.

In 1888 the valuation of property was L8,834 19s., exclusive of military barracks, for which L66 13s. 4d. is paid.  The rates for all purposes in that year were 10d. in the L on buildings and 2 1/2d. on land.  Fifty public lamps are lighted by the Gas Company, under contract to the commissioners at L2 per lamp.  Street Inspectors act as a Watch during the evening and night.   Repairs to the streets are done by the Grand Jury of the South Riding.

The Board of Poor Law Guardians is the sanitary authority.  A good sewerage system has been established under its supervision.  The main sewer discharges into a tank at Cordangan, a quarter of a mile, Irish, from town, and when the sewage has been concentrated it is sold for fertilizing.  Down to 1889 the water-supply was procured from pumps and a well in Church-street.  A proposal was made by the Sanitary authority to the Local Government Board to sanction an expenditure of L11,000 for a high pressure service from one of the lakes in the Galtees.  Mr. Cotton, C.E., in March, 1889, held an official inquiry concerning the matter, and there seemed to be no opposition to the scheme.  Facilities for extinguishing fires will be greatly enlarged by this.  At present there is a volunteer Fire Brigade, of which Mr. B. M'Carthy is captain.

CHURCHES, CONVENT, CHRISTIAN BROTHERS. The Catholic Church, in St. Michael-street, is a large edifice of tooled limestone, with tower and spire.  It is in the Gothic style of architecture, and is enclosed from the street by an ornamental railing.  The interior of the church is spacious, with nave and aisles, divided by arches, supported on sandstone pillars.  In 1889 extensive renovations were effected, under the auspices of the Very Rev. Canon Cahill, P.P., V.G.  These included the decoration of the nave, aisles and of the chancel, repairs to the organ, and new seatings in pitch-pine.  An organ gallery, with bathstone railing, and a beautiful reredos of Caen stone, the latter costing about L1,000, are recent additions.  The high altar, presented by a lady parishioner, cost about L600.  St. Joseph's altar was given by Mrs. Ellen Bradshaw to commemorate her mother, Mrs. Margaret Keating Barry, 1840, and her husband, Richard Bradshaw, sen., 1865, and the Very Rev. Dr. Marnane, P.P., V.G., 1827.  There are five handsome memorial windows, stained glass: Very Rev. Monsignor Howley, 1884; Patrick Shanahan, 1885, and his wife, Mary, 1887.

The Protestant Church is a cruciform structure, with pinnacled gables, high pinnacled battlemented tower and graceful spire.  It was built in 1830, but the grave-yard in which it stands is an old one, well planted, and used for burial purposes by all denominations.  The interior of the church is fitted throughout in pine, artistic gas fixtures, etc.  The pulpit, of Caen stone and Irish marbles, vary handsome, was presented by Col. Mansergh, 1877, in memory of his father, Richard M. S. Mansergh, who died in 1876.  A lectern, laquered brass, and bible, commemorate Ven. Robert Dell, D.D., Archdeacon of Cashel, 17 years rector of Tipperary.  Died in 1883.  There were 46 subscribers to the fund, out of which the cost was defrayed.  The mural memorials bear the names of: Alicia, wife of John Massy, 1864; Agnes, wife of Rev. W. B. Lindesay, LL.D., 1878; Rev. Richard Mauleverer, 31 years rector of the parish, 1886.

The Presbyterian Church, under the jurisdiction of the General Assembly, is situated at the corner of James and John-streets.  It is a plain gabled edifice, dating from 1844.  The congregation consists of 25 families.  At the period of the Cromwellian settlement of the district, 1651, the congregation was first established, and was under the English Presbyterian authority.  The meeting house was then in Meeting-street, changed to Davis-street by the Town Commissioners.  For half a century previous to 1844 there had been no congregation.  The manse is at Bohercrow.

Rosanna Convent of Mercy, at the head of St. Michael-street, is one of the finest of the order in the country.  The site was originally occupied by a private residence, with beautifully laid-out grounds.  In 1866 the interest in it was purchased from Major Henry W. Massy, by the late Mr. Richard Bradshaw, sol., and was re-sold to the Sisters of Mercy by his widow.  A handsome Gathic chapel was built in 1886, at a cost of L4,000.  In 1882 a grant was received from the Government for an industrial school, 64 females.   A National School, with an average attendance of about 500, is also taught.  The poorer children are partly fed and clothed.  The sisters came to Tipperary from St. Mary's, Limerick, in 1864.

The schools of the Christian Brothers are at Murgasty Hill.  The buildings were erected for a fever hospital in 1836, and were occupied by the Sisters of Mercy from 1864 until 1866.  The Christian Brothers entered into possession soon afterward.  There are three schools.  Rev. Bro. D'Alton was superior in 1889.

GRAMMAR SCHOOL, LOAN FUNDS, CLUBS &c. The Tipperary Grammar School was founded in 1669 by Erasmus Smith, a cavalry officer in Cromwell's army, who left one-third of his property in the counties of Tipperary, Limerick and Kerry for support of three classical schools (Protestant), one at Tipperary, one at Drogheda and one at Galway.  The endowment of the Tipperary school provides L100 a year for the head master, and L100 for assistants.  Attached to the school are 19 acres of land at a rent of L10 a year.  Part of the grounds were formerly occupied by the Augustinian Abbey.

A branch of the Loan Fund Society has an office in Main-street.  Mr. Michael O'B. D'Alton is hon. Treasurer, and Mr. Michael Bowen, managing clerk.

The Tipperary Loan Office was established in 1883, with a capital of L2,500 in debentures, valued from L100 to L700 each.  There is a turn over of from L8,000 to L9,000 a year.  Loans from L1 to L10 are given.  Repayments are made by installments, weekly or monthly, the entire amount to be cleared off within a period of twenty weeds.  Interest at the rate of 4d. in the L is charged on weekly, and 6d. in the L on monthly loans.  Mr. John Ryan, sen., is chairman and treasurer.  The company's office is in Bridge-street.  A dividend of 10 per cent is paid to the stockholders.

The Clanwilliam Club, in Bank-place, East Main-street, was established in 1866.  It is managed by a committee of seven.  Mr. Richard Carrol is honorary secretary and treasurer.  There are 48 members paying each an annual subscription of L2 10s.  Officers of the Army and Navy are admitted without ballot at the same rate.  There are billiard and reading-rooms.

The Tipperary Literary Club was established over 8 years ago, and has about 200 members paying a subscription each of 10s. a year.  Dr. J. J. Dowling is president, Mr. Michael D'Alton, V.P., Mr. Denis J. Hogan, secretary, and Mr. John Millea, treasurer.  A reading-room and lending library are features.  The club has free rooms in the Town Hall, built in 1877 by Mr. A. H. Smith-Barry at a cost of L3,000.  The hall is also used for meetings by the Town Commissioners, and for entertainments.

The Abbey View Club has its quarters in Abbey-street.  It was established in August, 1888, and has about 100 members.  The subscription is 2d. per week, and the entrance fee 2s.  The reading-room is well stocked with the daily and weekly news papers and periodicals.  Fifty volumes of standard works were presented by friends to form the nucleus of a library.  In February, 1889, the club had two billiard tables, and was about to fit up a gymnasium.   Mr. William Evans is president and treasurer, Mr. Daniel J. M'Carthy, V.P., and Mr. Edward Dwyer, secretary.

There are four clubs in connection with the Gaelic Athletic Association: Aravale Rovers, football, 40 members; Rosanna, football and hurling, 40 members; Commercial, football, 40 members; Bohercrow, football, champions of Munster, 100.

1837
TULLAGHORTON
a parish, in the barony of Iffa and Offa West, County of Tipperary, and province of Munster, on the mail coach road from Clonmel to Cork, and on the river Tar; containing, with part of the post-town of Clogheen, 1965 inhabitants. This parish contains 2905 statute acres, as aplotted under the tithe act, mostly under tillage. Here is abundance of limestone, used for manure and building; and peat is cut on the mountain, much of which is reclaimable. A silver mine was worked for a short time, about 40 years since, on the town-land of Castle-Grace, but it was discontinued, though the ore was considered valuable. An extensive flour-mill, employing from 30-40 persons, the erection of which is supposed to have cost 6000 pounds, has lately been built at Castle-Grace by Sam Grubb, Esq. of Clogheen. A manorial court is held in the parish by the seneschal of the Earl of Glengall, lord of the manor. Parson's Green was the residence of the late Rev. Dr. Tuckey; and Ballyboy is that of R. Crocker. Esq. The living is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore; the rectory forms the corps of the prebend of Lismore, with which the vicarage is held, and is in the patronage of the Bishop. The tithes amount to 388.9.3; the glebe, close to the site of the old church, comprises 3r.6p., and is annexed to the vicarage. In the R.C. divisions the parish forms part of the union or district of Ballylooby, or Whitechurch, and contains a chapel. There are two private schools, in which about 190 children are taught. Here is a holy well, to which pilgrims resort once a year.The ruins of a castle, denominated Castle-Grace, consist at present of two towers on the east side, comprising an area of about 40 yards square; it was erected as a strong position to check the inroads of the Desmonds by Raymond le Gros, who came over with Strongbow, and received a grant of this property, with other possessions, from King John; it passed to the Butler family, and is now the property of the Earl of Glengall. At Ballyboy are slight remains, indicating that it was once of considerable strength, of another old castle formerly belonging to the Desmonds.

1837
UPPER CHURCH or TEMPLEOUTRAGH   
 a parish, in the barony of Kilnemanagh, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 5 mile S.E. from Burris-O-Leagh, on the road from Newport to Thurles; containing 2635 in habitants, and comprising 1285 statute acres, applotted under the tithe act. It is in the diocese of Cashel; the rectory is impropriate in the Marquess of Ormonde, and the vicarage is appropriate to the Archbishop's mensal: the tithes amount to 202.10. In the R.C. divisions, it is the head of a union or district, called Upperchurch, comprising this parish and that of Moyaliffe, in each of which is a chapel: that of Templeoutragh is a large building. There are five private schools, in which are about 300 children. Some remains of an old church exist.

1837
WHITECHURCH or BALLYLOOBY
a parish, in the barony of Iffa and Offa West, county of Tipperary, and province of Munster, 3 miles S.W. from Cahir, on the road to Clonmel; containing 1218 inhabitants. This parish is situated upon a branch of the river Suir, and comprises 1378 acres, the greater part of which is arable and pasture land. A woolen manufactory was carried on here some years since, but from want of proper encouragement was given up. It is a rectory and vicarage, in the diocese of Lismore, and forms part of the union of Tubrid. In the R.C. divisions it is the head of a union or district, called, from the village, Ballylooby, and comprising the parishes of Whitechurch, Tubrid, and Tullaghorton, in which union are two chapels; that in Whitechurch is a modern building. There are two private schools, in which about 150 children are instructed.