Description of Photos or Illustrations
Click on Thumbnail to see a larger version of the image. |
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Bogalusa Story -
Cover of book |
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Old French Map on the inside covers of book |
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Washington Parish Courthouse
(in Franklinton)
"A man indicted for a misdemeanor burned the courthouse to the ground
in 1897 so that any evidence against him would be destroyed. At that time
all written court proceedings dating back to 1826 were destroyed ..." |
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6 |
Natives of Washington Parish |
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8 |
Fielding and Nick: some of the Adams family |
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10 |
Professor Young and his pupils in front of Lee's Creek
schoolhouse. Professor Young (in doorway) followed Eugene Bunch as
schoolteacher "Washington Parish even had its own Jesse James. His
name was Eugene Bunch. He was a schoolteacher whose avocation
was train-robbing. Those who knew Bunch remember him as a soft-spoken man
with a large black mustache, blue eyes, and the manners of an educated
gentleman. Except for the two months when he taught children who came from
far and wide on foot or horseback, he followed sporadically the more
lucrative profession of holding up trains. His double life was a secret
well kept, and he was the terror of crews and passengers on trains between
the deep South and the North.
Ostensibly for the purpose of living near the school at Lee's Creek,
the quiet-mannered schoolteacher stayed much of the time at the home of
one Leon Pounds at Walnut Bluff on the Pearl River. Actually, the
Pounds' home was one of his more convenient hideouts. He could slip across
Pearl River on the ferry at Poole's Bluff, or in his own dugout,
and be back before daylight after gathering his loot.
During the winter of 1892, the stage was set for one of Bunch's big
hauls. A southbound train on the New Orleans Northeastern Railroad with
several passengers and a shipment of currency bound for New Orleans was
scheduled to stop near McNeil, Mississippi, at a certain hour. When it
did, Bunch was there, alone, to climb aboard. The armed mail and express
agents were relieved of their pistols and as many sacks of money as Bunch
could conveniently carry away. The crew and passengers were then lined up
outside for the holdup. As this fabulous schoolteacher-train robber went
through their pockets, he unwittingly dropped a scrap of paper which a
passenger hastily pressed into the mud with his heel. Bunch slipped away
into the darkness toward the Pearl River swamplands, but his identity at
last had been revealed. On the paper he had dropped was written the time
of arrival of the train at McNeil and the names of Bunch and Leon
Pounds. As he took inventory of the loot in his hideout, Bunch became
aware of the missing slip of paper. Taking no chances, he fled to a more
remote hideout.
In a few days, notices offering a $3,000 reward for Bunch, dead or
alive, were posted in the towns of northern Louisiana and Mississippi. The
$3,000 was too tempting an offer for one of Bunch's accomplices,
Colonel Hapgood, who shot the schoolteaching bandit in the back as he
slept on a bed of pine needles in Muster Ground Swamp. Thus ended
Bunch's spectacular career, in the damp darkness of a December night in
1892. ..." |
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12 |
Judge Joe Ard’s home
Joe Ard was "justice of the peace
in the 1890's." |
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15 |
Mrs. J. M. McGehee in front of her Washington Parish home
near Ben's Ford where she lived for over fifty years.
Her husband was
Reverend W. F. McGehee? and her daughter was Mrs. Y. R. Nichols? |
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Entrance to Preacher Ford's home
"One of the earliest of
these old homes still stands near Bogue Lusa Creek. It was built in 1805
by a Baptist preacher named Ford who migrated from South Carolina
to preach the Gospel and till the fertile river-bottom land. He found so
few who subscribed to religion that he was not long convincing himself
that he could best serve the Lord by farming his plantation, for he was an
enterprising man. With the help of slaves he raised sugar cane, cotton,
and corn. His huge pine logs were hauled to nearby Pearl River and floated
many miles to a sawmill. Ford's descendants still occupy the home he
built.
It was in this house that General Andrew Jackson stayed for two
weeks in 1814 when his troops were delayed by floodwaters during their
march to New Orleans to engage the British. Jackson was at first an
unwelcome guest in the Ford home and was permitted to stay only on the
condition that he abstain from profanity and seek the help of the Lord in
saving his soul." |
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Preacher Ford's home - Mrs. Willie Rankin, a direct
descendant, stands on the gallery. |
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23 |
Bedroom of Preacher Ford's house where Andrew Jackson
slept. "It was in this house that General Andrew Jackson stayed
for two weeks in 1814 when his troops were delayed by floodwaters during
their march to New Orleans to engage the British. Jackson was at first an
unwelcome guest in the Ford home and was permitted to stay only on the
condition that he abstain from profanity and seek the help of the Lord in
saving his soul.
In its early days, Washington Parish was unfriendly to all strangers,
looking suspiciously upon them as "furriners." When General Jackson
and his men crossed Bogue Lusa Creek at Ben's Ford, in the War of 1812,
parish settlers kept their guns loaded. There was watchful waiting until
the din of marching troops faded away in the distance. Then, as their
suspicions melted away, some of the natives themselves joined Jackson's
troops at Madisonville on Lake Pontchartrain in time to cross with him by
packet boat to New Orleans.
This reserve of the natives gave way slightly as travelers were more
frequently seen in the parish countryside. Peddlers on foot and in
one-horse buggies came to sell their wares, and their footsteps could be
traced by the lightning rods, sewing machines, and ornate household
articles never before dreamed of that appeared in the natives' homes.
Traveling merchants later had stores of their own in the villages of the
parish. The names of their sons and grandsons now are emblazoned in neon
signs across the fronts of large stores." |
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24 |
Uncle Jimmy Whalen in a forest of longleaf yellow pine
Jim WHALEN was a timber cruisers.
"His shock of auburn hair, his handsome weatherbeaten face, and his
Gaelic accent soon became familiar to the natives in the parish which was
to be home to him for the rest of his life. Until then, wherever he had
hung his hat had been home to Jim Whalen. For years, he had been
associated with J. D. Lacey & Company, timber estimators and agents
who had been engaged to purchase extensive timberlands for Northern
capitalists. Such a project was a large undertaking, and Jim Whalen as
chief estimator helped set the stage for what was to be a successful
business venture." |
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26 |
Tom Pigott in 1946 at the age of seventy-six
"One of
Jim Whalen's companions in his Louisiana timber-cruising days was
Tom Pigott, a man who, as Jim would say, "could locate a section
corner like a bird dog spots a covey of quail." Jim could estimate the log
scale of timber in a well-defined area without any help, but it required a
native son of the Louisiana soil with surveying experience to locate the
many tracts of timberland that had been purchased by the Northerners. That
was a large order to fill and Tom Pigott is the man who filled it. |
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28 |
The Le Roy Pearce family
Le Roy PEARCE, wife, Julie, and
daughter, Barbara. Barbara PEARCE married her husband Ed KEATON.
"Not a few were adamant in declining to sell their holdings, and a
spring day in 1905 found Mr. Lacey back in Washington Parish trying
to buy land he needed from owners who had refused to sell on his previous
visits. One who caused him the most concern was shrewd Le Roy Pearce.
The fact that his acreage was surrounded by land Lacey already had
bought put Pearce in a favorable trading position. Both of them
knew it. ..." |
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32 |
Mr. and Mrs. Fielding Adams
(Mrs. Fielding Adams is
Julia Josephine Adams) |
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45 |
F. H. Goodyear and C. W. Goodyear
Frank Henry GOODYEAR (born: March 17, 1849 in Groton, Tompkins
County, New York - near Cortland, Cortland County, New York - died: May
13,1907 in Buffalo, New York of Bright's disease) married
Josephine LOONEY (born: May 25, 1851 in Looneyville (now near Wende), New York - died: October 17, 1915
in Buffalo, NY at a train station) on September 13, 1871 in Looneyville, NY. She was the daughter of Robert
LOONEY and Josephine Lurintha KIDDER Looney.
Charles Waterhouse GOODYEAR, married "Ella," Ellen Portia CONGER. |
Larger versions:
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Charles and Ella Goodyear
Charles Waterhouse GOODYEAR, I
(born: Oct. 15, 1846 in Cortland, Cortland County, New York - died: April
16, 1911 in Buffalo, New York) married Ellen Portia CONGER (born: August
30 or 31, 1853 in Collins Centre, New York - died: September 29, 1940 in Buffalo, New
York) on March 23, 1876. |
Larger versions:
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Ella gave birth to three sons and a daughter
Charles and Ella Goodyear had 4 children:
1.) Anson Conger (A. C.) GOODYEAR (born: June 20, 1877; married on: June 29, 1905 to:
Mary FOREMAN)
2.) Esther Permelia GOODYEAR (born: May 20, 1881; married on: January 20,
1910 to: Arnold B. WATSON)
3.) Charles Waterhouse (C. W., II) GOODYEAR, Jr. (born: April 6, 1883;
died: June 22, 1967 in Buffalo, NY; married on: June
2, 1908 to: Grace RUMSEY, divorced about 1935; then married Marion PERKINS
Spaulding in May 1935.)
4.) Bradley GOODYEAR (born: October 18, 1885; married on: June 23, 1910 to:
Jeanette BISSELL)
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55 |
World War I: Charley, Conger, and Bailey
Bradley
GOODYEAR's son, "Bradley Goodyear, Jr. (not pictured), gave his life as a
combat pilot in World War II." |
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56 |
The left wing of this hospital, in Austin, Pa., was the
home where Ella and the children spent several summers. |
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57 |
The Goodyear sawmill in Austin, Pennsylvania |
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58 |
Ella in one of the dresses that she wore when she and
Charles were guests of President and Mrs. Grover Cleveland in the White
House. "In 1871, when he (Charles GOODYEAR) was twenty-six years
old, he was admitted to the bar in New York State and hung out his own
shingle. From the start of his career he attracted attention as a young
lawyer, and later succeeded Grover Cleveland as a senior partner in
Buffalo's leading law firm when Cleveland gave up his practice to enter
politics. .. His close friendship with Grover Cleveland also was an
incentive to a growing interest in politics. ... He played an important
role in the nomination and the election of Grover Cleveland as
Governor of New York State. ..." |
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62 |
Esther at one of the Country Club horse shows
"Esther (Permelia
GOODYEAR) attended schools in Maryland, Bryn Mawr, and Paris. In France
she took lessons from a famous driving and riding master, and after her
return to Buffalo always was in the ribbons at the Country Club horse
shows. She was a striking figure in her smart cabriolet drawn by a
perfectly matched pair of high-stepping hackneys and with a footman in the
rumble seat." |
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64 |
The Charles Goodyear home in "Millionaire's Row," 888
Delaware Avenue This house in Buffalo, New York was completed in the
fall of 1903. |
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66 |
The terrace was a favorite place of Madam Goodyear's
(in
Buffalo, New York) |
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67 |
The stable at 888 Delaware Avenue
(in Buffalo, New York)
"A well-appointed stable which was built at the same time as the new
Delaware Avenue residence was short-lived. It was soon razed and the
foundation left for the walls of a sunken garden. The string of driving
and saddle horses, the patent-leather monogrammed harnesses, the
glistening array of carriages and sleighs all were disposed of to make way
for automobiles of early vintage."
"Andrew, the faithful family coachman, reluctantly stepped down from
the driver's box of the piquant victoria with its calash top. Instead of
holding the reins and a silver-mounted whip behind a pair of spirited
horses as he drove Madam Goodyear on an afternoon ride through the Park,
Andrew became the chauffeur of a two-cylinder automobile. But he
never could accustom himself to the odor of gasoline and preferred the
aroma of sweating horses. James, the footman for many years, donned blue
jeans instead of shining top boots and cream-white buckskin breeches when
he was demoted ignominiously to the position of houseman." |
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68 |
One hundred and ninety-five years of faithful service
"Ella treated the fifteen servants in her ménage almost like members of
the family. Traditionally, they all came on Christmas day and received
gifts after a buffet supper. When she died at the age of eighty-seven, six
of Ella's servants had to their credit a total of one hundred and
ninety-five years of faithful service."
Names:
"Pearl, who was a faithful servant of the Goodyears for
many years, had a delicious dinner ready for the two men;." "Andrew,
the faithful family coachman became the chauffeur of a two-cylinder
automobile; ..." |
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The family tree continued to spread its branches.
Descendants of Charles Waterhouse GOODYEAR and Ellen Portia CONGER.
See details of families' crests.
Frank Henry GOODYEAR and Charles Waterhouse
GOODYEAR's parents were (Jabez) Bradley GOODYEAR (a country doctor) and his wife,
Esther Permelia KINNE
Goodyear. |
Top Left:
Top Right:
Bottom Left:
Bottom Right:
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72 |
Colony of tents on Bogue Lusa Creek
"By February,
1906, five months after the Goodyear party had first camped along
Bogue Lusa Creek, contracts had been let for the sawmill buildings and
machinery and for the excavation of the 27-acre log pond. Competitive bids
had been scanned and orders placed for such miscellaneous items as
locomotives, logging cars, rails, skidders, and a portable sawmill.
Will Sullivan, champing at the bit, was ready to return to
Washington Parish a month earlier than he had promised Le Roy Pearce
he would be back. Driving up from Covington over much the same route that
he had traveled the previous September, Will reached Bogue Lusa
Creek before nightfall and here on the same site where he had camped with
the Goodyear brothers he lived in a tent for several months.
With carpenters, such as they were, recruited from Franklinton and the
countryside, a colony of tents with wooden floors was erected almost
overnight. A crude frame building for a mess hall, kitchen, office,
and a few bedrooms was the first to go up on the new townsite.
Appropriately enough, it was called the Magnolia Hotel. A magnolia
tree had been left standing on the site of the building to continue its
growth through the roof of the mess hall."
(about 1905-6) |
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77 |
Blarney Castle was later used for a restaurant.
(Blarney
Castle Restaurant, Geo. M. Gallaher, Prop.)
"The first buildings to go up were crude
shacks to house the workmen who were being recruited as fast as living
quarters were made available. There was also a two-story office building
of rough-sawed boards and battens with a dormitory on the second floor for
Sullivan, the office force, and the civil engineers. A sign over its
entrance, "Blarney Castle," gave it an ironic distinction. Temporary
storage sheds for machinery, equipment, and materials; a boarding house; a
mule barn and corral; and even a jail mushroomed into being." (about
1906) |
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79 |
The first Company commissary
(about 1906) |
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80 |
Top: Otto Strattman, corral boss and deputy sheriff
Bottom: Deputy sheriffs Mizell, Magee, and Pearce
"Among other deputy
sheriffs who were on Bogalusa's police force were Tom Mizell,
Avarice Pearce, and Jake Broomfield before he took up dentistry
as a profession. Otto Strattman, lanky, raw-boned corral boss, was
deputized to handle trouble with the mule skinners. This generally
happened on pay day over a crap game. Nick Catalano, a stocky
Italian, was on the police force to quell any disturbances among his
countrymen who had settled in Bogalusa. ..." |
Larger versions:
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84 |
Crossing Bogue Chitto River
"The Parish of Washington
was the cradle of Protestant religion in Louisiana. It was in the
Half Moon Bluff Baptist Church, built of logs on Bogue Chitto River in
1812, that "the first message of salvation through our Lord and Saviour,
Jesus Christ, was brought to the souls in the darkness of Washington
Parish." From the beginning, the church had a struggle for its very
existence. One of its earliest parsons, the Reverend B. E. Chaney,
was arrested and confined in a prison cell until he promised to cease
preaching the Gospel.
At a crescent-shaped bend of Bogue Chitto River there is today a stone
marker on the site of the Half Moon Bluff Baptist Church, long since
destroyed by the ravages of time and neglect. Country folks from far and
wide listened to the address of the Reverend Doctor John Henry Smith
as he officiated at the ceremony when this simple memorial was dedicated.
When Doctor Smith said during his talk, "So this afternoon we want
to look back to the days of our Baptist fathers to see from whence and how
far we have come," the brethren from the settlement along the eastern
waters of Bogue Lusa Creek realized that the spirituality which their
community church at Lee's Creek had slowly spread among their homes was
born many decades ago in the Half Moon Bluff Baptist Church.
"There were young men in the organization, like H. J. Foil, who
were native sons of Washington Parish. Better known as Booger, Foil
was a country boy born on a farm near Franklinton, not far from the
headright where his greatgrandfather (sic) had settled along Bogue Chitto
River in 1844. Booger rose to the important position of purchasing agent.
When Foil was a candidate for president of the police jury of
Washington Parish, he was elected by a large majority." |
Closeup:
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86 |
The first passenger train arrives in Bogalusa.
(about
1906) |
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88 |
The office force on the steps of the Colonial Hotel
Colonial Hotel had been built for single employees.
(about 1906?) |
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90 |
Portable sawmill
The portable sawmill was used to build
Bogalusa's early buildings and later "to manufacture lumber from timber on the
plantation when it was needed for new construction and repairs"
at the Money Hill Tung Plantation. |
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92 |
Logging timber blown down by tornado
"George Hart,
a friend of (Jack) Cassidy's when he was a lumberjack working for the
Goodyears in Pennsylvania, was put in charge of logging with ox teams the
scattered areas of timber and the trees that had been blown down by
tornadoes." |
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93 |
Pine Tree Inn
"The Directors and many of the
visitors stayed that night at the Pine Tree Inn, which had been opened a
few weeks before the sawmill started. As the guests gathered that evening
in the lobby of the hotel, there was a hum of conversation, and it was
mostly talk of the mill and the town. Few could comprehend what had come
to pass; that Bogalusa, with hundreds of modern buildings, had sprung from
what, less than three years ago, had been a wilderness.
Gus Coughlin, who had been maître d´hôtel of a well-known hotel in New
York City and who had been in charge of a famous golf club in South
Carolina, was engaged to manage the Pine Tree Inn. He was given carte
blanche to run the Inn the way he had been accustomed to in catering to a
discriminating clientele. The meals were delicious, served by uniformed
waiters. A gracious colored headwaiter greeted the guests as they entered
the dining room. The principle underlying the operation of the Inn was
that the best way to reach a man's pocketbook, as well as his heart, was
through his stomach.
The executives of the Company well knew that the Inn could not be run
profitably on such an extravagant basis. But its operating loss was more
than justified as a selling and advertising expense in putting
BOGALUSA BRAND lumber on the map. When purchasing
agents for railroads, large industries, retail lumber yards, and exporters
were in the market for sizable quantities of lumber, they invariably came
to Bogalusa where there was a comfortable hotel, something seldom found in
sawmill towns. They were impressed. It was a standing rule that salesmen
coming to Bogalusa to solicit orders from the Great Southern Lumber
Company for materials, machinery, and equipment could not be seen by heads
of departments until the afternoon. This made it necessary for them to
spend the night at the Inn, adding revenue and helping the advertising
program. There are tricks in all trades."
(Construction was complete about 1908.) |
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95 |
Office building of the Great Southern Lumber Company
(Construction was complete about 1908.) |
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96 |
The home of Mr. and Mrs. W. H. Sullivan on Bogue Lusa
Creek |
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97 |
Log pond
(27-acre log pond) |
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100 |
Refuse burner, sawmill, and power house |
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101 |
One of the band mills and carriages in the sawmill |
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102 |
Bogalusa High School
(about 1914?) |
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106 |
Great Southern Lumber Company commissary
(Construction
was complete about 1908.) |
|
109 |
Columbia Street in the early days |
|
110 |
Columbia Street twenty-five years later |
|
111 |
The Company hospital
(Construction was complete about
1908.) |
|
112 |
The Kingfish at the Washington Parish Fair. (Senator Huey
P. Long) (in 1910?) |
Closeup:
|
114 |
Y.M.C.A.
Young Men's Christian Association in about
1914. |
|
118 |
Y.W.C.A.
Young Women's Christian Association in about
1914. |
|
119 |
The Directors made frequent trips to Bogalusa. The
following appear in the picture:
Will Sullivan (1st Mayor of Bogalusa), Miner Crary, Maurice Wuescher, Ganson Depew, Horace
Redfield, Orlo
Hamlin, Fred Lehr, Jim Whelan, F. L. Peck, Mrs. Depew, Major Hart, Walter
Cooke,
Jerry Crary, Frank Goodyear, Charley Goodyear, Jack Cassidy (2nd Mayor of
Bogalusa), and Dan
Cushing. |
|
120 |
An inspection trip to the logging operations. Among those
appearing in the picture:
Will Sullivan (1st Mayor of Bogalusa), Charley Goodyear, George Townsend, Orlo Hamlin,
Conger
Goodyear, Frank Goodyear, Jack Cassidy (2nd Mayor of Bogalusa), Jack Trounce, and Cam Long. |
|
121 |
City Hall |
|
124 |
Will Sullivan (1st Mayor of Bogalusa) with
Lee Fohl, manager of the St. Louis
Browns |
|
125 |
Michael J. McMahon
"Among the heads of departments there
was none more conscientious and loyal than Michael J. McMahon. His
long years of service with the Goodyears began in Pennsylvania and ended
as Traffic Manager of their railroad and other enterprises in the South.
Mac lived in New Orleans so that he could keep in close contact
with the connecting lines over which approximately a hundred carloads of
freight moved in and out of Bogalusa every day, but he made frequent trips
to the Magic City. Handsome, personable, and always immaculately dressed,
Mac was liked by everyone. He was a gentleman of the old school.
For all this, he remained a bachelor throughout his life, much to the
amazement of his friends.
A few months before Mac died, he was the guest of honor at a
sumptuous dinner in Conger's home on Long Island to celebrate his
seventy-fifth birthday and the fiftieth anniversary of his association
with the Goodyear enterprises. After many laudatory toasts, Mac was
introduced as "the dean of our enterprises." He responded by
recalling, nostalgically and humorously, happenings of the past.
There had been that night out with the Goodyear boys. Mac
remembered it and told about it at the dinner. After dining and wining too
much and too well in New Orleans with Conger, Charley, and Bradley
(GOODYEAR), he had
returned to his apartment to find his sister, who had dropped in
unexpectedly for a visit. But the greeting was not cordial.
"Mac, you've been drinking," was her welcoming remark. "If the
Goodyears hear about this, you'll lose your job!" |
|
128 |
The Mother of Bogalusa
Elizabeth Fitzrandolph CALKINS Sullivan was married to
W. H. ("Will,"
William Henry) SULLIVAN on October 4, 1886.
2 children:
Ella Rose SULLIVAN Salmen
William Henry, Jr.
William Henry Sullivan
August 9, 1864 in Canada - January 26, 1929
Elizabath Fitzrandolph CALKINS Sullivan
August 20, 1866 - July 11, 1918
Both are buried in a family plot at Ponemah Cemetery, Bogalusa,
Washington Parish, Louisiana. |
|
130 |
Pulp and paper mill in foreground. Sawmill in background. |
|
136 |
Pulp and paper mill |
|
137 |
Refuse burner at sawmill
Inscription reads:
BOGALUSA
PLANT OF
GREAT SOUTHERN LUMBER CO.
REFUSE BURNER
BORN OCTOBER 1, 1908
DIED JULY 4, 1924
EVERY DAY DURING MY LIFE OF SIXTEEN YEARS I CONSUMED 560
CORDS OF WASTE MATERIAL OR A TOTAL OF 2,688,000 CORDS.
I COST $25,000 BUT MY FIRE HAS DESTROYED $1,344,000 WORTH OF WHAT WAS
FORMERLY CONSIDERED WASTE.
THE COMPLETE UTILIZATION OF THE SAWMILL REFUSE IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PAPER
HAS MY FIRE FOREVER EXTINGUISHED.
|
Closeup:
|
139 |
Ted Olmsted
"Young (Ted) Olmsted was the son of
the late Marlin E. Olmsted, an original stockholder of Great
Southern Lumber Company and its general counsel until his death. Ted was a
Harvard man who had been an outstanding oarsman on the varsity crew, had
been prominent at the University socially, and had taken postgraduate work
at Oxford. Upon his return to the United States, he was well fitted
scholastically and otherwise for a successful business career".
"Captain Williams told him that during the course of his conversation
at the Executive Mansion, the Governor had mentioned being in the North
not long ago and meeting a lawyer from Harrisburg, Marlin E. Olmsted,
a power in Pennsylvania politics. Olmsted had told the Governor that he
was attorney for interests in New York State and Pennsylvania who were
going to spend huge sums of money developing eastern Louisiana along the
Pearl River Valley." |
|
142 |
WEDDING PARTY
Left to right: Betty Sullivan, Jack Cassidy, Bride,
Groom, Mrs. Martin, Fred SalmenBride:
Ella Rose SALMEN, daughter of
Fritz SALMEN of Slidell
Groom: Col. W. H. SULLIVAN (William Henry SULLIVAN) of Bogalusa, a Canadian by birth and an Irishman.
Will was the 1st Mayor of Bogalusa.
Jack CASSIDY was the 2nd Mayor of
Bogalusa. |
|
157 |
The Photographers |
|
158 |
Pine cones containing seeds for planting the nursery |
|
162 |
Preparing the ground and planting the seed for slash-pine
nursery "Within a short distance from Bogalusa, Great Southern owned a
hundred thousand acres of cut-over lands. On each of these acres would be
planted, by hand, a thousand seedlings. Experiments disclosed that
slash pines produced cellulose as good or perhaps better for making
paper than the long-leaf species. Besides they grew faster, a decided
advantage. It was necessary, however, to obtain slash-pine seeds from
other states, mostly Georgia, as the mother trees grew sparsely in
Louisiana. Millions of seedlings were propagated each spring in nurseries.
A year later they were transplanted to the stump lands.
It seemed a simple enough process. When the seedlings grew into trees
with diameters from six to eight inches, they were suitable for pulpwood.
But there was much more to reforestation than that. It required the
supervision of someone trained in a school of forestry. The man who did
this job well for the Goodyears was Paul Garrison, a graduate of
Michigan State and Iowa State Colleges, who entered the employ of the
Great Southern Lumber Company in 1925. Under his guidance, the Company in
the years that followed established the largest privately owned and
hand-planted reforestation area in the world. A dependable, perpetual
supply of pulpwood for a large paper mill seemed assured.
To Jake Johnson should also go much of the credit for the
success of the undertaking. He, with Red Batemen as chief forest ranger,
had charge of the first experimental plantings of seedlings and rendered
yeoman service in winning the natives over to the side of forest-fire
protection and control." |
|
164 |
Nursery with 7,000,000 pine seedlings |
|
165 |
Seven-year-old slash pines grown from seedlings planted
in 1924. |
|
166 |
Picture taken in 1936 of slash pines which were hand
planted with seedlings in 1924-1925. Paul M. Garrison, Chief Forester,
stands in an area where 7 cords of pulpwood to the acre have been thinned,
leaving 27 cords to the acre. |
|
167 |
One of the paper machines
"The estimate showed that
there was currently and potentially enough pulpwood to operate
indefinitely a paper mill with five or six times the capacity of the
Bogalusa mill at that time.
In the decade that followed the enactment of tax legislation favorable
to reforestation, continuous additions and improvements were made that
stepped up the output of pulp and paper in Bogalusa. Box factories
and bag plants were built to convert into finished products the
many millions of square feet of paper and board that rolled off six
paper machines.
Even when lumber operations finally ended in 1938, there no longer
was any danger of Bogalusa becoming a ghost town. The number of
workers in the sawmill whose employment ceased after the last log was cut
was more than made up by the increase in the payroll of the paper mill
running seven days a week with three shifts. So the population of the city
continued to grow and prosper as a thousand cords of pulpwood rolled into
the mill every day to be made into pulp and then converted into enough
paper and board four feet wide to encircle the globe every ten days."
"There were capable men with responsible positions like Ivan
Magnitsky, who came up through the ranks to become manager of the box
plant and bag factory. The good work that Mack did for the welfare of the
community was recognized by the citizens when he was later elected
Mayor of Bogalusa."
(Ivan MAGNITSKY was the 3rd Mayor of Bogalusa.)
"There were men who had learned the know-how of paper making through
the hard knocks of experience such as big, jovial Dick Murray and
modest Fred Augustine. Dick was in charge of the pulp mill and
Fred was responsible for the operation of the paper machines. The boss
of them all was Alfred Suter, superintendent of the entire plant. A
gentleman of the old school and popular with everyone, Suter had been
hired by Will Sullivan not long after he came to this country from
Switzerland. His technical education in Germany and his practical
knowledge of papermaking qualified him to head such an organization, and
his opinions were respected." |
|
170 |
Dinner given in 1927 at Madam Goodyear's home in Buffalo
to celebrate the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Great Southern Lumber
Company and Conger's fiftieth birthday.
Clockwise around the table:
Edward deCernea (hidden by centerpiece), W. E. Farris, C. M. Daniels, R.
H. Laftman, A. B. Watson, W. M. Ogelsby, M. J. McMahon, J. McC. Mitchell,
A. C. Goodyear, H. C. Laverack, R. H. Redfield, J. L. Kenefick, James How,
M. E. Olmsted, Jr., Bradley Goodyear, O. J. Hamlin, Ganson Depew,
W. H.
Sullivan, C. W. Goodyear. |
|
172 |
Jack Cassidy and family in front of his home
Jack
CASSIDY was the 2nd Mayor of Bogalusa. |
|
174 |
Four generations of the Goodyear family
(C.W.G.; C.W.G., II; C.W.G., III; and C.W.G., IV.)
Plaque reads:
Charles W. Goodyear
1846 - 1911 |
|
178 |
Left: Andrew T. Goodyear and Right: Mary A. Goodyear
King Bogue and Queen Lusa in their coronation robes at the Childrens (sic)
Carnival. |
Larger versions:
|
179 |
Home of Charles W. Goodyear, III, bordering the golf
course |
|
180 |
His father's house is less pretentious
(Charles W.
Goodyear, II's house) |
|
181 |
Money Hill Tung Plantation
(in St. Tammany Parish)
"DURING the world-wide economic difficulties beginning with the year
1929, the other kind of oil the Goodyears started to produce was an
organic liquid processed from the fruit of trees and called tung oil. Like
petroleum, tung oil has a history rich in mystery and adventure. Unlike
petroleum, known so universally in the various forms of its refined
products, the usages of tung oil and where it comes from are not of
general information.
There is nothing new about tung oil. In fact, it was produced long
before the vast quantities of petroleum stored beneath the earth's surface
were known even to exist. Its use in the Orient dates back at least to the
Tang Dynasty, A.D. 618-907. It was mentioned in the writings of Marco
Polo, who in the thirteenth century took word of it back to Venice from
China during the rule of Kubla Khan.
A strange and romantic product, tung oil for centuries was a secret of
the Chinese and was produced mostly in the region of the Yangtse River
where strangers were forbidden to enter. It has long had a multitude of
uses...." |
|
188 |
Donice Watts, herdsman
Donice WATTS was the herdsman for
the Money Hill cattle venture in St. Tammany Parish. |
|
191 |
The Tung Blossom Queen and her Court after the
coronation. Tung trees in bloom in the background.
"There was also the
coronation of the Tung Blossom Queen of Louisiana, Beatrice Core.
Miss Core and her ladies in waiting were daughters of St. Tammany Parish
farmers. Crowds of countryfolk gathered on an Easter Sunday for the royal
ceremonies which took place on a raised platform surrounded by blooming
tung trees where once had been a pine forest. After the coronation a truck
with a loud speaker furnished music while the guests of Money Hill ate ice
cream and drank Coca-Cola." |
|
194 |
Tammany House
"Charley (GOODYEAR) had built a plantation house,
known as Tammany House, on high ground overlooking tung orchards in every
direction as far as the eye could see." (near "Money Hill" in St. Tammany
Parish) |
|
195 |
Living Room, Tammany House
(in St. Tammany Parish) |
|
196 |
Registered palomino |
|
197 |
F. O. (Red) Bateman
F. O. (Red) BATEMAN is standing next
to a tung oil tree.
"Red Bateman, a native son of the parish and chief forest ranger for
the Company... " |
|
198 |
Melvin Williams and Dave Thompson
"Melvin Williams,
also a native of St. Tammany Parish, was promoted from truck driver to
plantation foreman."
Dave THOMPSON replaced Red BATEMAN's as chief forest ranger for
the Company after Red untimely death. "Dave was born and reared on a farm
that almost adjoins Money Hill." (in St. Tammany Parish)
"The third of the trio to whom should go much of the credit for the
success of Bogalusa Tung Oil, Inc. is N. W. Pittman. Pitt, who
first worked for the Goodyears in the Great Southern Lumber Company's
logging camps, kept the books and ran the plantation general store." |
|
199 |
Plantation House and General Store
(in St. Tammany
Parish) |
|
200 |
N. W. Pittman, bookkeeper and storekeeper
N. W. PITTMAN
kept the books and ran the plantation general store. (in St. Tammany
Parish) |
|
201 |
Charles W. Goodyear Memorial Gateway |
|
206 |
Bronze tablet on Memorial Gateway
It reads:
THIS GATEWAY IS GIVEN TO
THE CITIZENS OF BOGALUSA
AS A MEMORIAL TO CHARLES
W. GOODYEAR, ONE OF THE
FOUNDERS OF THE CITY.
ON THIS TRACT OF LAND
THERE WAS A FOREST OF VIRGIN
YELLOW PINE TREES FROM
WHICH WAS CUT THE FIRST LOG
THAT WAS MANUFACTURED INTO
LUMBER AT THE SAWMILL OF
THE GREAT SOUTHERN LUMBER
COMPANY IN 1908 AND ALSO THE
LAST LOG AT THE END OF THE
LUMBER OPERATION IN 1938. |
|
207 |