23 March 2005
A Phips and Phipps Y Chromosome DNA study has been established to determine the genetic connections, if any, between the English Phipps families and those of the United States and other former or current colonies of the United Kingdom.
In order to make these connections, we are looking for males with the Phipps surname, and all its variant spellings, to take a Y chromosome DNA test to see if their Y DNA signature matches other Phipps surnamed males.
You can test at either Family Tree DNA or at DNA Heritage. If testing at FTDNA use this page to join, and indicate that you are part of the Phipps DNA study to get a price discount. You can test on 12, 25, or 37 markers at FTDNA or on 25 or 43 markers at DNA Heritage. While 12 markers will give you some preliminary results, I recommend 25 markers as a minimum to allow us to differentiate families which may have identical 12 marker results. Mismatches at 37 or 43 markers are less from 25 marker matches than are mismatches at higher numbers of markers from 12 marker matches.
Several of the families listed above are supposed to be related as follows:
Robert Phipps had two sons, Francis Phipps and William Phipps.
Francis Phipps had a son, Sir Contantine Phipps, b 1652, Reading, Berkshire, England.
William Phipps had a son, James Phips, who immigrated to Maine.
James Phips had a son Sir William Phipps, b 1646, Governor of Maine.
Joseph Phipps of Pennsylvania also was from Reading, Berkshire, England, in the same time period.
We have results from descendants of Sir Constantine Phipps; a descendant of Joseph Phipps of Reading, Berkshire, England, and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; an unknown Phipps; and from descendants of Solomon Phipps of Charlestown, Massachusetts. We need results from other descendants of these men to verify these signatures. In addition to these lines, we are looking for descendants of the family of James Phipps of Maine.
We expect to have another descendant of Joseph Phipps join the study.
Kit
Number, Ancestor, Location, and Date |
Loci, DYS#, and Alleles reported by Family
Tree DNA or |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 | 31 | 32 | 33 | 34 | 35 | 36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | ||
3 9 3 |
3 9 0 |
19/ 3 9 4 |
3 9 1 |
3 8 5 a |
3 8 5 b |
4 2 6 |
3 8 8 |
4 3 9 |
3 8 9 i |
3 9 2 |
3 8 9 ii |
4 5 8 |
4 5 9 a |
4 5 9 b |
4 5 5 |
4 5 4 |
4 4 7 |
4 3 7 |
4 4 8 |
4 4 9 |
4 6 4 a |
4 6 4 b |
4 6 4 c |
4 6 4 d |
4 6 4 e |
4 6 4 f |
4 6 4 g |
4 6 0 |
G a t a H 4 |
Y C A II a |
Y C A II b |
4 5 6 |
6 0 7 |
5 7 6 |
5 7 0 |
C D Y a |
C D Y b |
4 4 2 |
4 3 8 |
Haplogroup R1b | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
#xxxx1,Francis Phips, Esq. Reading, Berkshire, Eng. |
b. ~1600 | 13 | 23 | 14 | 10 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 14 | 13 | 30 | 17 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 25 | 15 | 19 | 30 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 11 | 11 | 19 | 23 | 16 | 15 | 19 | 15 | 36 | 37 | 12 | 12 | |||
#23323,Joseph Phipps Reading, Berks, Eng to PA |
b. ~1640 | 13 | 23 | 14 | 11 | 11 | 14 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 13 | 13 | 29 | 18 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 11 | 25 | 15 | 19 | 30 | 15 | 15 | 17 | 17 | 12 | 11 | 18 | 23 | 17 | 15 | 18 | 17 | 36 | 40 | 12 | 12 | |||
#30,299,Phipps |
b. ~1640 | 13 | 22 | 14 | 10 | 11 | 15 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 14 | 13 | 30 | Haplogroup G | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
#xxxx2,Solomon Phipps Charlestown, Mass |
b. ~1641 | 14 | 22 | 15 | 10 | 13 | 14 | 11 | 12 | 12 | 12 | 11 | 30 | 19 | 7 | 9 | 11 | 11 | 23 | 16 | 22 | 29 | 12 | 14 | 14 | 14 | 12 | 10 | 19 | 20 | 15 | - | - | - | - | - | 12 | 10 | |||
We have four sequences, representing 6 participants. XXXX1 has two persons who match at 25 markers, and XXXX2 has two persons who match at 25 markers. So, four results are in HAPLOGROUP R1b which is consistent for an origin in the British Isles. Preleminary analysis says these lines are not related in a genealogically meaningful way. This would mean that the New England Phipps families and the Pennsylvania and Virginia Phipps families are not recently related. Until we have more results to verify these lines, we can not say much more than this.
The other two results are for Solomon Phipps of Charlestown, Massachusetts, and William Phipps of Nova Scotia. These are in Haplogroup G and are not related to the other lines. Two people from this line have tested and are a 37/37 match.
At this time, it is not possible to absolutely
differentiate between the Anglo-Saxons and the Scandinavian
and Norman Vikings through DNA analysis, although the
following articles make a start in that direction using
Haplogroups of selected markers.
See,:
Helgason, etc.,
"Estimating Scandinavian and Gaelic Ancestry in the Male
Settlers of Iceland", Am. J. Hum. Genet., 67:697-717,
(2000);
and, this article:
Wilson, J. F., Weiss, D. A., Richards, M., Thomas, M.
G., Bradman, N., Goldstein, D. B. "Genetic evidence for different
male and female roles during cultural transitions in the
British Isles". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A., vol 98
(9) p5078 (2001)",
contains evidence for the following preliminary table of Y
DNA markers for Celtic/Basque, Anglo Saxon and Norwegian
ancestry:
DYS19/ DYS388-DYS393-DYS392-DYS394-DYS390-DYS391 Celtic/Basque: 12-----13-----13-----14-----24-----11 Anglo Saxon: 14-----13-----11-----14-----22-----10 Norwegian: 12-----13-----11-----16-----25-----11 ------------------------------------------------------
Other Y DNA marker sets: DYS19/ DYS388-DYS393-DYS392-DYS394-DYS390-DYS391 Atlantic MH* 12 13 13 14 24 11 Cohen MH 16 12 11 14 23 10 *=Celtic/Basque MH=Modal Haplotype
Preliminary results from a more recent study are reported
in this article from the BBC:
Nicola Cook,
"Viking Genetics Survey Results", reporting on a study
done by Prof.
David B. Goldstein at University College London. Once Dr
Goldstein's results are published, a link will be made to the
paper.
The following page at the University of Leicester contains links to primary scientific research on the Y chromosome: The Y Chromosome as a Marker for the History and Structure of Human Populations.
The following article is one of the more important discussions of Y DNA: Semino, et.al., "The Genetic Legacy of Paleolithic Homo sapiens sapiens in Extant Europeans: A Y chromosome Perspective", Science 2000, v 290, p.1155 et. seq.
This is a glossary of genetic terms: Talking Glossary of Genetic Terms from the National Human Genome Research Institute.
Information on Y DNA testing and Genetics in family
history research is available from the following web
page:
Chris Pomery's DNA Portal: DNA & the Family
Historian.
This page by Dennis Garvey discusses Haplogroups and gives frequency tables for the possible variations: Haplogroups.
This page by Nancy Custer gives information on the Y-STR Loci Allele Frequencies as Reported in the Y-STR European and USA Databases.
Kevin Duerinck's page gives information on the various
testing laboratories:
Genetics
Laboratories and Testing Sites
See also:
GENEALOGY-DNA-L
Listed URLs
and,
Genetics and
Genealogy
There are online Y DNA databases for YSTR Europe, YSTR America and YSTR Asia at the Y STR sites.
There is a discussion list at Rootsweb. Instructions for subscribing and searching the archives are at this URL: https://mailinglists.rootsweb.com/listindexes/legacy/other/Miscellaneous/GENEALOGY-DNA.html.