American Strong Family
Missing Pages

The following pages are Jim Rolff�s book published about 1982. After DNA came out it was realised that this side of the family was not connected to the main branches in America. Through the DNA it was found that this portion of the family belong to a branch from Surrey/Rotherhithe area and most of this family prior to Edward can be found in England, with the exception of a generation or two between England and America, still in the research stages. The English sides are back to 1740 and all families stayed in England except for four children that came down to New Zealand between 1848 and 1865.

These pages were scanned from old typed pages into Word, so please forgive any spelling errors you may find that I have missed.

I have researched all the English and New Zealand families, but should you wish to make enquiries prior to Edward Strong, please contact Jim in America or Pam in New Zealand

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CHAPTER TWO:

Before going on to our known Strong ancestors of Virginia in Chapter Three, I want to have a chapter on the early Strong�s of Maryland, because I see some possibility that if our own Strong�s were in Virginia from the earliest days there, our part of this family could have been among the Strong�s who moved in the middle 1600's from Virginia to Maryland, and then our ancestor, a possible son of one of these, might have returned to Virginia at some time about 1680. Besides this possibility, there is no other real indication that any of the Maryland Strong�s were of our family. In the earliest years of the Virginia colony Maryland was considered part of Virginia, but was not inhabited until some Virginians settled on Kent Island around the 1630's. They considered themselves to be still Virginians, and believed that they had ownership or at least control over what would later be Maryland. The English king didn't have the same idea, so some few years later he granted the Maryland area to the Calvert family, and after a long dispute the Calverts finally won the controversy over who was in control of Maryland. The Calvert Colony in Maryland was founded with the understanding that there would be religious freedom, but in Virginia there was no such freedom in the early days, and those who did not completely agree with the Church of England were very much persecuted. This persecution caused many Virginians to move to Maryland. In Maryland these people found religious freedom to some extent, but here they also found that this Colony was generally controlled by Catholics, so their religious beliefs still caused them some problem, but of a more minor nature.

LEONARD STRONG:

Leonard Strong was among those who migrated from Virginia to Maryland to avoid religious persecution. It's not known which religion he chose, other than the Church of England, but indications are that he was very possibly a Quaker. Leonard Strong is named in two Patents on page 11 [Ed. Note: see 1982 book] but he left Virginia for Maryland in 1649, and these Patents were made several years later. These Patents were for land in Nancemond and Westmoreland Counties, and every indication is that Leonard Strong lived in Norfolk County, so here are very good indications that often the people named in Patents were never actually in the counties of the Patents. Because Leonard Strong very probably lived in Norfolk County, it's likely that he was a relative of the Edward Strong that was named on an earlier Patent of that county.

I'm sure that every reader is now wondering how I know that Leonard Strong left Virginia in 1649, that he left because of religious persecution, and that he had lived in Norfolk County. I have these answers because in Maryland Leonard Strong was not just a common farmer or servant, but rather on of the greats of early Maryland history, so these facts can be found in several writings on that state. In fact, Leonard Strong states the year and reason of the migration in his own book "Babylon's Fall", published in 1655, a copy of which is in my possession. This book is an account of the Battle of Severn River, which battle it appears was fought because the Protestant Virginia settlers, including Leonard Strong, of Providence, Maryland refused to sign on oath of allegiance to the Catholic Lord Baltimore, and the Governor sent a force to compel them to sign. Leonard Strong's book explains in great detail the

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reasons that the settlers refused to sign. Another book, "Refutation of Babylon's Fall", published the same year, explains in the same detail why they should have signed. I've read both, which are very hard to understand, and it's difficult to determine which view was correct, but I get a general idea that since Maryland did offer them refuge from persecution, and had it's own policy of religious freedom, maybe they could have signed the oath. Records show that Leonard Strong and several of his cronies are the Commission that governs Maryland, and this is very confusing to me because it appear that in the same years that they are warring with the Governor and Proprietor, they are also on this governing Commission.

I have a book "Providence, Ye Lost Towne At Severn In Maryland". This is an account of the early days of this long departed town, in which Leonard Strong lived. The first sentence in this book states that on October 8, 1649, at Jamestown, Virginia, sentence was passed on 200 puritan families of Lower Norfolk County that they would either abide by the rules of the Church of England or leave Virginia by year's end. Obviously these people didn't "abide", because they are the people who founded Providence in that year and Leonard Strong was one of them. This is the main indication that he was from Norfolk County. Leonard Strong's name appears many times in the "Providence" book. I could fill many pages with what's been found about Leonard Strong, but before doing that a question should be asked, "Could he be our Strong ancestor?". The answer is definitely, No, and this answer because he had only one child, a daughter named Elizabeth. Therefore, I see no reason to go into great detail on his records, but rather I'll only present his most important records. I wish he was our ancestor, because he was a very interesting person and the "Providence" book especially was interesting reading. Very likely he was related to our Virginia Strong�s. The "Providence" book is not only a history of the early years of that town, but also of the author's family that lived there, so although the name Leonard Strong appears many times there is little of a personal nature about him. What there is, is that he had one of the first stores, apparently by 1650, and in reference to a 1652 party a statement that Leonard Strong was seated on the left of Mrs. Howard, the hostess, and that Mrs. Leonard Strong was absent, "having already started to suffer from that indisposition that would shortly cause her demise". Earlier in this paragraph it was stated that those who had most recently arrived in that town were seated nearest to the host and hostess, so it would appear that this would indicate that Leonard Strong didn't really come in 1649, but rather maybe a couple of years later. Providence was on a point of land at the mouth of the Severn River, on the opposite side of this River from later Annapolis.

From: "Old Kent, the Eastern Shore of Maryland": "Edward Lloyd came from Virginia with Leonard Strong, William Durand, and others, about the year 1650, and settled on Greenbury Point, near Annapolis. He was a Puritan, and compelled to quit Virginia in consequence of his nonconformity. Leonard Strong says in his "Babylon's Fall" that they were not invited into Maryland, they were only "received and protected"."

From: "A History of Calvert County, Maryland": "One of the most noteworthy personalities in early Calvert County was Leonard Strong. He was a Puritan and doubtless connected with the Strong�s

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of New England. He received in l652 a grant of land in the Upper Cliffs of Calvert, between Plum Point and Parker�s Crock, which he called Angelica, one of the finest sites on the Upper Cliffs. Leonard Strong was an Officer in the Puritan Militia and took part in the famous Battle of the Severn, when Lord Baltimore�s men were routed by the Puritans. He wrote an eyewitness account of the Battle in which he gloated over the utter defeat of Lord Baltimore�s men. He was a man of superior education and strength of character, the arch-type or the Puritan or Pilgrim. His only heir was his daughter Elizabeth, who at his death, sold the Calvert County lands and moved to Baltimore County. Angelica was acquired by the early Quaker Richard Johns, and was long the seat of the Johns family.

�--------came �Elizabeth� or �Gift to Elizabeth�, a grant which Leonard Strong obtained and gave to his daughter Elizabeth Strong---�----He was evidently a fearless, sturdy Puritan, of the typo of Captain William Fuller and Leonard Strong, and their counterparts in the Massachusetts Bay Colonies-----� �---------The Puritan loader Richard Preston became a convert to Quakerism, as did such other prominent Puritans as Captain William Puller and Leonard Strong----� (If Leonard was in any way connected to the Strong�s of New England I don�t believe that those people, who have their family well researched, know about it, and I don�t see any real reason to believe this claim, besides a possible common Puritanism.)

Maryland Land Patents of the Leonard Strong family:
Leonard Strong; (l65l) 1670, Calvert County, 200 acres, �Elizabeth�
Leonard Strong, (l65l) 1670, Calvert County, 600 acres, �Angelica�
Elizabeth Strong, (1659), Anne Arundel County, 25O acres, �Maidonston�
(A guess could be made that the name of the early deceased wife of Leonard Strong was Angelica.)

From: �Archives of Maryland�, the following marriage:
Charles James to Elizabeth, daughter of Leonard Strong, before 20 Nov. 1674.

Anne Arundel County, Maryland: �Administration of all and Singular the goods, chattels, credits, rights, and debts which were of Leonard Strong, late of the county of Anne Arundel, merchant, deceased, was unto Charles James, of the county of Baltimore, gentleman, who intermarried with Elizabeth sole, daughter and heir of the said Leonard Strong, deceased. Omitted. The same time the said Charles James became bound unto the Right Honorable the Lord Proprietary in the sum of twenty thousand pounds of tobacco for his due Administration and Warrant then issued to empower Robert Lusby and Robert Dabridge to appraise the said estate. Another Warrant issued to empower Samuel Wilkes, gentleman, to --------- the said appraisal. The said Administrator took his corporal oath and Inventory returnable the 18th of September next. The 18th of March 1670.

Inventory of Leonard Strong, May 22, 1671, Anne Arundel County, Md.

Since Elizabeth Strong Patented land in 1659, she would likely been born before about 1638, so Leonard Strong was probably born before about 1617 making it not likely that he could have been a son of William (l6Ol), but maybe a brother or nephew. I would like for him to be in our family in some way.

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JAMES STRONG:

On page 10 is a Virginia Land Patent that contains the name James Strong. Today I received a book �Colonial Surry� (County, Virginia), which contains several Surry County tax lists of the later part of the 1600�s. No Strong appears any place in this book. This would lead me to believe that the William and Thomas Strong who appeared in Court Orders of that county and period never actually lived in Surry County, but rather were the same William and Thomas Strong that appeared in the same period in records of Charles City County, across the James River from Surry County, and that they had business interests in Surry County. The lack of any other record of James Strong in Surry, or it�s parent James City County, leads me to believe that if he was ever in that county it was not for long, and that he may be the same James Strong of the following records.

In London was recently found several boxes of indentures of 1683 and 1684. None of those indentured were named Strong, but 21 of those people claimed that they sailed to Virginia or Maryland in August of 1684 on the ship �Assistance�, of which James Strong was the Captain. Two others sailed to Virginia in August of 1684 on the ship �Jefferies�, of which Thomas Strong was Captain. These two ships may have crossed together, and James and Thomas Strong may have been related.

Captain James Strong, Commander of ship �Assistance� was granted a Maryland Land Patent for �rights 1666-1680�.

Anne Arundel Co. Maryland Wills: Will of James Strong, written January 7, 1684/85, to wife Mary Strong � of my personal and real estate, to son James Strong and daughter Mary Strong the other � of my estate to be equally divided. Col. Phillemon Lloyd and James Sedgewick, both of Maryland to be Executors of all matters of ----, both goods and debts in Maryland and Virginia.
(Signed) James Strong.
Witnesses: H. Robinson, John Payne, James Smith, and ----- Probated June 20, l685.

(Of interest here are the indication that James Strong had interests in Virginia, the fact that Anne Arundel County was the same place where Leonard Strong had lived, and the fact that James Strong�s Executor was the son of Edward Lloyd, one of those who had come to this place from Norfolk County, Virginia with Leonard Strong. Can there be much doubt that James and Leonard Strong were related?)

Talbot County, Maryland, June 23, 1688, James Sedgewick of Talbot County showed that Thomas Collins of Talbot died in testate, and that the Executor of the last will of Capt. James Strong was greatest creditor to Collins estate. James Murphy, gentleman, to take oath of James Sedgewick, as Administrator and Bond. William Scott and William Gary, Appraisers.
(This record is not completely clear to me, but the information we can get from it is very clear. Since James Sedgewick was one of the Executors of the Anne Arundel Co. estate of James Strong, it�s obvious that the two records refer to the same James Strong, and since this record calls James Strong �Captain.� it�s an indication that this is probably the same Captain of the �Assistance�, especially since the Captain of the �Assistance� is known to have obtained a Maryland Land Patent.)

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Talbot County, Maryland, October J5, 1688, Inventory of Thomas Collins. James Sedgewick. Executor. James Strong, Administrator. (Since this record is from after Capt. James Strong had died he could not be the Administrator, but because we again have James Sedgewick and Thomas Collins we can be pretty sure that the Administrator is James Strong Jr. This is the only record over found of James Strong Jr. in Maryland or Virginia, so there is some chance that if he went to Virginia he could have been our ancestor.)

GEORGE STRONG:

Maryland Land Patents:
George Strong, Liber Q, Folio 74, transported 1650
George Strong, Liber 6, Folio 87, transported 1653
Hannah Strong, Liber 6, Folio 87, transported 1656

(Hannah was George�s wife. I don�t have these actual Patents, but as George and Hannah appeared on the same page 87, with different transportation dates, it would seem that this was their own Patent. The other George Patent might have been someone else�s Patent claiming George as a transportation right, with some inconsistency about when George was actually transported. Or there�s some chance that one of these Georges was George Jr., but since his son Thomas wasn�t born until about 1691 this might have been somewhat early for him. On a genealogist�s report I found it was stated that George was born in 1650 in Kent, England, and Hannah was born in 1656 in Kent England. Obviously those dates are much too late, and are no doubt were rather the transportation dates found, as above. Concerning the references to Kent England, this family later settled in Kent Co., Maryland, maybe there was also some confusion with this. I think there is some chance that these Strong�s were actually transported from Virginia, rather than England, and there is a known precedent for this typo, think, in that William Durand, on of Leonard Strong�s friends, claimed rights for transporting several people, these also all friends of Leonard Strong, and all of these known to have been transported by Durand from Virginia, so the requirement was that the transportation was into the Colony in question, but not necessarily all the way from England.)

From Anne Arundel County, Maryland Wills:
Will of George Strong, written November 21, 1671, to son George �all my estate�.
Wife Hannah named Executrix.
Witnesses: John Beaman, William Jones, Matthew Harden. Inventory July 1, 1672.
(Now we have 3 Strong�s with wills in Anne Arundel County in the same period, Leonard, James, and George. Could they have been three brothers? Leonard was definitely from Virginia, James had connections to Virginia, George could have been from there also, or even if he came direct from England he could still he related to the other two.)

Maryland Land Patent:

To George Strong in 1672, 300 acres called �Middle Neck� in Kent County.
(Since George Sr. died in or before this year, it�s likely that this Patent was made. by George Jr., and his family lived in this county for at least several generations.)

The above-mentioned report of another genealogist stated that George Jr. had a son named Thomas, who had children: Michael, James, Jane, Benjamin, William, and John. The records of Kent County, Md. show that most or all of the Strong�s living there were from this son of George Jr. named Thomas, with no indication found in that

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area of any other child of George Jr. The will of George Sr. seems to indicate that he had only one child, but it would seem likely that George Jr. had other children, and if there were other sons they probably moved away from this area. Because the names in this family are similar to those in our family, and because there�s a possibility that George Jr. could have had another son born about 1675, I see some chance that our John (ca.l675) could have been that son. Referring back to the Virginia Land Patents of the John Strong�s that are in our area, and which I earlier referred to as possibilities this John Strong could have been imported from Maryland rather than England, and there are other names on those Patents that are common to this Maryland area, particularly Marsh, Swallow, and Wilkes, which families were very closely associated with Leonard Strong in Anne Arundel County, Maryland, in the �Providence� book and other sources, especially a Thomas Harsh, who was one of Leonard Strong�s closest associates. I don�t mean to infer that this is my strongest belief, as stated above, but rather that it is just one of several possibilities.

Following are the Kent Co. records of Thomas, son of George Strong Jr.

Prom the Register of St. Paul�s Parish, Kent County Maryland:
Thomas Strong and Jane Phillips married September 4, 1711
Michael Strong, son of Thomas and Jane Strong, born November 23, 1716,
James Strong, son of Thomas and. Jane Strong, born July 14, 1720,
William Strong, son of Thomas and Jane Strong, born January 30, 1722
Benjamin Strong, son of Thomas and Jane Strong, born. August 8, 1732
William Strong, son of Thomas and Jane Strong, born August 2, 1733
Jane Strong, daughter of Thomas and Jane Strong, born November 8, 1735
Thomas Strong and Nary Kelley married January 30, .1730
John Strong, son of Thomas and Mary Strong, born September 14 l734.
(The fact that Thomas and Jane had two sons named William is probably because the first-born William died at a young age, before 1733.
Thomas and Jane were having children born as late as 1735, so the Thomas who married Mary Kelley in 1730 would surely be a different Thomas, and because they had the same name they would not be both sons of George Jr., so this is an indication that there was some other Strong family in this county. Either George Sr. did have more than one son, or some other probable relative was in this area. The only other possibility would be that this other Thomas was the first son of Thomas and Jane, born 1712 and married at age 18.

Thomas and Jane Strong arc witnesses to the 1715 Kent County, Maryland will of Benjamin Bond, boatright.

November 17 1718 Kent County, Maryland deed of John Wilson of Kent County, to Thomas Strong, planter of Kent County, 100 acres called �Covent Garden� for 5500 pounds of tobacco.
Witnesses: Jacob Glen and Charles Browton.
Maryland. Debt Books:
Thomas Strong, �Covent Garden�, 100 acres, 1683-1720, #5-14.

Kent County, Maryland. Will Book 22, Page 156:
Thomas Strong, of St. Paul�s Parish, Kent County, Maryland, written October 19, 1739, probated February 23, 1739, To sons Michael and James and heirs, 100 acres called �Common Garden�

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If either dies to next younger brother.
Personal estate, my wife�s thirds excepted, to be equally divided amongst all my children.
After wife�s decease my daughter Jane soats in St. Paul�s Church.
Son-in-law Henry Philips an equal part of personal estate.
Wife, Jane, to be Executor.
Witnesses:Paul Whichcoate and John Shonhane.

Kent County, Maryland Inventory: August 26, 1740, Thomas Strong, of Kent County, deceased, made by Paul Whichale and James Thomas. Jane Strong, Executrix, made oath. Michael Strong and James Strong signed as nearest relatives. Richard Walker and John Comer also signed.
Kent County, Maryland Administration Bond: June 14, 1740, Jane Strong, widow and Executrix of Thomas Strong, late of Kent County, makes Bond of 500 pounds with John Rawlingson and Thorn Thomas, planters of Kent County.

Kent County, Maryland Administration Accounts: October 23, 1742, Jane Strong, Executrix of Thomas Strong, deceased of Mont County, presents Account of 23 Pounds, 1 Shilling, 4 Pence.

Following are the remaining Strong records of Mont County, Maryland. Although most, or all, appear to be children and other descendants of the above Thomas Strong, in most cases this can�t be proven yet.

Mont County, Maryland: July 1753, James Strong, a Surety to John Cowarding�s Administration Bond.

Mont County, Maryland: 1756, James Strong, a Surety to Thomas Lazol�s Administration Bond.

Kent County, Maryland: May 14, 1761, William Ringgold and Thomas Ringgold, of Chester, make Bond of 300 Pounds. William Ringgold, Administrator of James Strong late of Kent County.

Kent County, Maryland: 1762, Inventory of James Strong, 35 pounds, 2 Shillings, 1 pence.
Ann Strong and Michael Strong sign as kindred.
James Coiner and James Hackett are appraisers; Samuel Groom Jr. and Richard Lloyd are creditors.
William Ringgold, Administrator, makes oath.

Kent County, Maryland: March 1, 1763, Account of William Ringgold, Administrator of James Strong, 77 Pounds, 19 Shillings, 5 Pence.

Kent County, Maryland: March 1, 1762, Rachael Strong, Ebenezer Thomas, and Samuel Wilkes, all of Kent County, make Bond of 1000 Pounds. Rachael Strong, Administrator of Nathaniel Strong of Kent County, deceased.

Kent County, Maryland: April 18, 1762, Inventory of Nathaniel Strong of Kent County, 78 Pounds, 15 Shillings, 5 Pence. Michael Strong and William Strong sign as kindred, Thomas Ringold, William Ringold, and William Stevenson sign as creditors. Michael Strong, Administrator.

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Kent County, Maryland: 1763, Inventory of Nathaniel Strong, late of Kent County, deceased, 78 Pounds, 15 Shillings, 5 Pence, Michael Strong and William Strong sign as kindred. Rachael Strong, Administrator, makes oath.

Kent County, Maryland: 1764, List of separate debts of Nathaniel Strong: James Rollison 8 Pounds, James Portes 2 Pounds, Samuel Weeks 15 Shillings, William Willson and Rachael, his wife late Strong, Administrators.

Kent County, Maryland: June 5, 1764, Account of William Willson and Rachael, his wife late Strong, Administrators of Nathaniel Strong, to estate 43 Pounds, 7 Shillings, 11� Pence.

Kent County, Maryland: 1775, Account of Michael Strong, Administrator of John Smith, deceased: 45 Pounds, 12 Shillings, 1 Pence.

Kent County, Maryland: October 4, 1777, Will of Michael Strong of Kent County:
To son William my dwelling plantation and all land thereto belonging.
If he dies to son Michael.
If Michael never returns home to this county to be equally divided between two youngest daughters, Rebeccah and Margaret.
To daughter Rebeccah one Negro boy named Daniel.
To daughter Margaret �me Negro girl named Minte.
Remainder equally divided amongst nine children: Thomas, Michael, Anne, Sarah, Jane, Rebeccah, Mary, Margaret, and William.
Son, William Strong, to be Executor.
Witnesses: N. Ricketts, Joel Higginbottom, and Francis Shirvon.

Kent County, Maryland: February 1800, Will of William Strong Sr. of Kent County:
To daughter Sarah York one grey horse called Streeker, one cow and calf, and no more.
To brother-in-law William Merchant my rum case and all bottles belonging to it.
To granddaughter Mary Strong one feather bed, one pair country linen sheets, and one country coverlid.
To granddaughter Anne Strong 20 Shillings, as their father�s part of estate
To son Samuel Strong 5 Shillings.
To grandsons William and Benjamin Strong 5 Shillings each, as fathers part of estate.
To grandson Samuel Strong all my wearing apparel except one spotted velvet vest coat and silver shoe and knee buckles, which go to nephew William Sims.
To loving wife Mary Strong all the remainder of estate except one Negro boy called Peter, who gets liberty at her death.
My wife Mary Strong to be Executrix.
Witnesses: Martha Heag and Stephan Srnyth.

Kent County, Maryland: 1789, Benjamin Strong Bond.
Kent County, Maryland: 1794, James Strong Bond.
Kent County, Maryland: 1781, Michael Strong Inventory.

Maryland Debt Books: Miliah Strong, �Covent Garden, 88 acres.

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Maryland Tax Assessment of 1753:
Benjamin Strong of Kent County.
William Strong of Kent County.
William Strong of Went County (part of �Covent Garden�).

Maryland marriages, inferred by other type Kent County records:
Benjamin Strong to Elizabeth Roberts before 1789.
James Strong to Ann Cowarding before 1752.
John Strong to Caroline Brien.
Mary Strong, sister of James Strong, to Henry Phillips before 1756.
(Those proofs of marriages come from information contained in a will or deed of a parent of one of the parties.)

Following are all the Strong records found from other Maryland counties, concerning Strong�s not proven to be from the families of the possible three brothers: Leonard, James, and George, but excluding the Strong records of Prince Georges County, Maryland, because these will be presented in a later Chapter.

Anne Arundel County, Maryland: August 3, 1669, Emanuel Drus (Drue) will.
Heirs include daughter, Elizabeth Strong.
(Apparently this lady wasn�t a Strong, but rather someone who had married a Strong.)

Calvert County, Maryland: August 4, 1679, Elizabeth Strong of �The Cliffs� in Calvert County, the widow and Administrator of William MacDowell, with Account.
(Apparently this lady wasn�t a Strong, but rather someone who had first been married to William MacDowell, and after his death married a Strong. The �Cliffs� is where Leonard Strong lived, but he had already died by this time, and he had no sons, so this could be considered an indication that he did have other Strong relatives in the area, probably from George or James.)

From Maryland Land Patents:
John Strong, transported 1673
Michael Strong, transported 1678
Richard Strong, from Virginia 1661
Robert Strong, transported 1661
Thomas Strong, transported 1675
John Stronge, servant transported 1669

(I have not read these Patents, nor the earlier referred to Patents of Elizabeth, George, Hannah, and James, so I have no more information from those than what has been here transcribed. The price of those, from Maryland Hall of Records, Annapolis, is $2 per page. Because of the high cost of so many Patents, I decided not to order those until some future time when we may find some bettor indication that some of these Strong�s were connected to our family, or that our Strong�s are descended from one of those. It could. be that these Patents would contain that indication, so I may decide to order them, and if so, the information contained will be found in the Appendix of this book.)

St. Mary�s County, Maryland: 1705, Ann Strong was a devisor and (daughter-in-law of Thomas Melton Sr., per his will.

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Harford County, Mary1and: 1775, Thomas Strong was Administrator of the estate of Benjamin Ricketts.

Baltimore County, Maryland: 1750, Jacob Strong was a Surety to the Administration Bond of the estate of Balcher Barkhover.

1778 �census� of Maryland:
Charles Strong, Queen Anne County, Island Hundred.

Abram Strong, marine on a list of bounties paid by ship (Defence� in August and September of 1777.

Maryland Tax Assessment of 1783:
Abram Strong, Caroline County
Charles Strong, Queen Anne County
Edward Strong, Queen Anne County
James Strong, Washington County
John Strong, Baltimore County
Thomas Strong, Harford County

I have several other Strong records of Maryland, but the purpose of transcribing these above records is that they may somehow help someone make a connection between some of the Maryland Strong�s and our Virginia Strong�s. Since the connection, if there was one, would have most probably been in the later half of the 17th century, Maryland Strong records after the Revolution would surely be of no value. Surely our earliest known Strong ancestor, John (ca.l675), was born in either Virginia, England, or Maryland. If he was born in Virginia we may someday be able to connect him to the earlier Strong�s there. If he was born in England we may someday find some indication of this. But if he was from Maryland it may be impossible to ever prove, because it would first require some record that George or James had a son or grandson named John, and if that difficult task were accomplished, it would further require proof that that John moved to Hanover County, Virginia.

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CHAPTER SIXTEEEN
NATHANIEL AND MARY STRONG:

In Chapter Three I presented the St Peter�s Parish baptism records of John Strong (2), William Strong (3), and George Strong (4). These were the children of John Strong (l), but not necessarily the only children he had. I would even think it probable that he had other children, and that these others were most likely born after 1704. The reason for this belief is that the last of the three above mentioned baptisms was in 1703, and. in 1704 the part of St. Peters Parish that contained our Strong�s was separated to form St. Paul�s Parish. The Register of St. Paul�s Parish has been lost and it seems logical to me to assume that if it had survived, It would contain baptism records of other children of John Strong (1), that were born after 1704. The question at this point is: �Is there any real evidence that there were any other children?� The answer to this would have to be: :No� As a matter of fact, we only have real evidence about William (3), and his descendants. Then we have the Strong branches of Chapters 12, 13, 14, and 15 and those probably four brothers, that were sons of either John (2) or George (4), We have only four known branches of Strong�s left to cover, so you can see that there is room left to fit those into our family of John (1), without there having to be any other children of his. In Chapter Three you�ll notice that I�ve added Nathaniel Strong (5) to the list of children of John (1). This Nathaniel (5) could. be one of the children of John (1) that was born after the (1704) formation of St. Pau1s Parish. At this point I want to STRONGLY EMPHASIZE that this connection of Nathaniel (5) to our Strong family is only a THEORY of mine and that even I am not near convinced that my own theory is true. I only present this theory for lack of anything bettor to present and because I�ve done a lot of research on this theory and, if it should be true this research wont be wasted. if I present it hero. Basically, my theory is that Nathaniel (5) was the father of the Strong families of the following four chapters; that is: Nathan Strong; of Louisa and Goochland. Counties, Virginia, and Madison County, Alabama (Chapter 17); the unknown husband of Ann Strong, of Goochland County Virginia (Chapter 18); Edward Strong, of Norfolk County Virginia Chapter (19); and Samuel Strong, of Lunenburg County, Virginia, and. Oglethorpe County, Georgia. If my theory is true the unknown husband of Ann Strong would be a John Strong, born in 1740, riot to be confused with John strong (l409). If my theory is wrong, the unknown husband is still unknown, those four Strong branches of the following four chapters are surely connected to our Strong family in some way, as there is plenty of evidence of this, but they are riot necessari1y related in the way of my theory. Because of this, I will keep my theory completely contained in this chapter, and riots mention it, or any of the records connected with it, in the following four chapters. I do this so that I can present my theory, but if you don�t like it you can read these following chapters without having to see anything about my theory. A-follow researcher and descendant of the Ann Strong that will follow has a theory of his own, which is completely different from this one of mine. If my theory is riot true, his probably is, and, as I�m not convinced that my theory is true. I�m also riot convinced that his theory is wrong. His theory makes no provision for the connection of Edward Strong, of Norfolk County, or Samuel Strong, of Lunenburg County. His theory only concerns Nathan Strong, and the unknown husband of Ann Strong, and his theory about

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those is that they were also brothers of William (ll10), Sherwood (1316), Marin (1317), and John (1409), of the proceeding four chapters. His theory is mostly based on the fact that Nathan and Ann Strong were both very close neighbors of John (l409) in Goochland County1 and closely associated with him on records. This is fact1 and I don�t deny that this indicates a close relationship between John (1409), Nathan, and Ann�s husband. However, I don�t think this is proof that the three were brothers, but rather could also have been first Cousins, which would agree with my theory. In summary, neither of our theories are near proven, so at this point both should ho considered equally. The only reason that my theory is going to receive more print is that I am writing the book.

Nathaniel Strong and Mary were married on November 17, 1738 in Queen Anne Parish, Prince George� s County, Maryland per records of that Parish.

Nathaniel and Mary Strong had a son, Nathaniel Jr born on September 21, 1738, per the Register of Queen Anne Parish, Prince George�s County, Maryland.

Nathaniel and Mary Strong had a son John born on June 22 1740,� per the Register of Overwharton Parish1 Stafford County Virginia.

These three records prove that there was a Nathaniel Strong Sr., who was probably born at approximately the time Nathaniel (5) would have been born and that this Nathaniel did have two sons born at about the right time to be Nathan and Ann�s husband, of Goochland County Virginia. Those records also show a move from Maryland to Virginia, although Stafford County is riot in the part of Virginia of our main interest. Stafford County is another Virginia county, in which many of the records have boon lost, so nothing more has been found there about any Strong�s. There are many records available in Prince George� s County, Maryland but nothing further has been found about Nathaniel Strong, This might lead to speculation that he was there only for a short time, and maybe lived longer in Stafford County, where the records are scarce. Since nothing more can be found about Nathaniel Sr., I�ll now go on to Nathaniel Jr. and John, and present my reasons for the THEORY that they were Nathan and Ann� s husband, of Goochland County, Virginia. I�ll deal with each separately, Nathaniel Jr. in Part 1, and John in Part 2.

PART I

Everything that has been found about the Nathaniel Strong that I believe was the son of Nathaniel Sr. was found in Norfolk County, Virginia. Before presenting those records I�ll note that at the same time Edward. Strong was also living in Norfolk County. The records of this Edward Strong can be found in Chapter 19. There are very good reasons to believe that he was somehow connected to our Strong family, and according to my THEORY he would be another son of Nathaniel Sr. and Mary. No definite connection has been found in Norfolk County records between Nathaniel Jr. and Edward, but a study of the records of both shows a few little clues that they had dealing; with a few of the same people. The best among those clues is the record that shows that Edward Strong was a witness for a man that was being sued by Matthew Rothary. Nathaniel Strong jr. was indentured to

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Matthew Rothary. It. should be noted also that Mary Strong, daughter of William (3), also had to be in Norfolk County, at about this same time, because, at the time of her, marriage to Edward Colby, he was living there. No record of Mary Strong, or any of the others from William (3) have been found in Norfolk County, so we can�t determine why she happened to be in that area nor can we prove a relationship to Nathaniel Jr. and Edward. It may be that Mary Strong, and maybe others of her family was in Norfolk County to visit relatives, Nathaniel Jr. and Edward, and maybe also Nathaniel Sr. and Mary who could, have also been there, although Nathaniel Sr. is known to have died at about the time Mary Strong was in Norfolk County Although no Mary Strong records have been found in Norfolk County, many records of her husband, and his family have been found. When those Edward Colley records are compared to those of Nathaniel Jr, and Edward Strong no relation is found between Edward Colley arid Nathaniel Jr., but the same people are found several times in the records of Edward Colley and Edward Strong. These Edward Colley records are not in this book but can be found in the Court Orders of Norfolk County.

Following are the Norfolk County, Virginia records of Nathaniel Jr.

Norfolk County, Virginia: March 16, 1753, It is ordered that the Church Wardens of Elizabeth River Parish bind Nathaniel Strong, orphan of Nathaniel Strong, to Thomas Miars, he complying with the law, (This record, proves that the Nathaniel Strong of Norfolk County was a Nathaniel jr. Because his fathers name is correct and because he would be 14 years old, in 1753, a proper ago f or indenture this would seem to be a good indication that he could have been the same Nathaniel Strong Jr. that was born in 1738 in Prince George�s County Maryland)

Norfolk County, Virginia: February 22 1754, It is ordered that the Church Wardens of Elizabeth River Parish bind Nathaniel Strong to Mathew Rothery, he complying with the law, the said Strong having been formerly bound to Thomas Miars Junior, who is unable to instruct him by reason of his lameness3 has consented that the said Strong should be bound to the said Rothery.

Norfolk County Virginia: A list of Tithables taken for ye Bor. Of Norfolk South side of Tanners Crook & to Spratts Bridge, 1757, by Major Josiah Smith: ------ Danl, Rothroy & Bros. Mat & Jno, & Richd, Walker, Thos, Steward, Nat. Strong, Joel Moon., Hillary Williams, and Negroes Tom, Gorten, & Neira,

Norfolk County, Virginia: A list of Tithables beginning at Major Lemuel Willoughbys Lane, running up the West side of Church Street to Town Bridge, Taken by Maxln. Calvert June 1761: Nathaniel Strong
1 tithable.

Norfolk County, Virginia: July 16, 1161, it is ordered that the clerk insert Nathaniel Strong in her list of tithables,

Norfolk County1 Virginia August 19, 1762, a suit of Nathaniel Strong vs. James Ashley, dismissed.

No other records of Nathaniel Strong Jr have been found in Norfolk County, which could be considered a clue that he may have left that

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county shortly after 1762. In chapter 17 will be presented the records of the Nathan Strong, called Nathaniel on some records, that was surely part of our Strong family. Among these records will be his tax records of Louisa County Virginia that begin in 1767. Those tax records appear in Chapter 17, because they surely belong to the Nathan of our family. It is only my speculation that the Nathaniel Jr. of this chapter is the same person, who went to Louisa County between 1762 and 1767.

PART 2

The John Strong, who was the son of Nathaniel Sr. and Mary Strong has not been found on any record of Norfolk County, Virginia. In Louisa and. Goochland Counties, Virginia there are many records of a John Strong. I had thought that some of those records could belong to the John Strong that we are now discussing, and that others belonged to John Strong (l409). Recent evidence very strongly indicates that all of those Louisa and Goochland County records belonged to John Strong (1409), as presented in Chapter 15. So, it appears that John Strong, son of Nathaniel Sr., probably never lived in Louisa or Goochland County. Ann Strong did live in Goochland County, from some time before 1782. She was very probably married to Nathan Strong�s brother whether my theory is correct or not, and whether or not the other theory is correct. If my theory is correct, she was married to John. Strong son of Nathaniel sr. and came to Goochland County after John died. So, besides his record of birth we have found no record of this John Strong in Stafford. Norfolk, Louisa, or Goochland Counties, Virginia nor have we been able to find a record of him in any other Virginia county. However, we have found records of a John Strong in Prince George�s County, Maryland, where Nathaniel Sr. was married, and had his first child. Those records are from about 30 years after Nathaniel Sr. was in that county, but they do show good possibility that this John Strong could have been the son of Nathaniel sr. and the husband of Ann Strong of Goochland County.

1776 �census� of St. John�s and Prince Georges Parishes, Prince George�s County, Maryland: John Strong 38 years, Ann Strong 25 years, a 5 year old son, a 3-year-old daughter, and a 2-year-old daughter.

1778 �census� of St. John�s and Prince Georges Parishes, Prince George�s County, Maryland: John Strong
Ann Strong
(Listed separately)

Register of King George Parish, Prince George�s County Maryland
Susanna Strong, daughter of John and Ann, born March 16 1774.
Delilah Strong married William Berry Marlow on February 13 1796.

No other Strong records have been found in this county, including no Strong�s found on the 1790 census. Following is what can be determined from those above records:

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1...The 38-year-old age of John Strong in 1776 should indicate that he was born about 1738, pretty close to the 1740 birth date of John, son of Nathaniel Strong Sr.

2...The wife of this John Strong is an Ann, who could be the Ann Strong later of Goochland County, Virginia. The problem here is that Ann Strong of Goochland County had a daughter; who was married in 1781. This Ann Strong of Prince George�s County Maryland by her age in 1776, should have been only 30 years old in 1781 pretty young to have a daughter being married, and the oldest daughter in 1776 would be only 10 years old in 1781. So before my THEORY can be seriously considered, this problem would have to be resolved.

3...Referring to Chapter 18 you will see that the children of Ann and John Strong on the l776 �census� could be compatible with the known children of Ann Strong of Goochland County. The Susanna Strong, who was born in 1774, is surely one of the daughters on the 1776 census.
4...The fact that there are no other Strong records found in Prince George�s County, Maryland, and-the fact that no Strong�s appear on the 1790, census of that county, is an indication that this Strong family left that area around the Revolution, which could match Ann arriving in Goochland County in 1781 or earlier, if John had, died between 1778 and 1781.
Also on the 1776 �census� of St. John�s arid Prince George�s Parishes, Prince George�s County, Maryland was the following family:
Thomas Shearwood 71 years,
Ann Shearwood 50 years,
sons 24 and 18, and daughters 17 and 12.

Part of my THEORY could include this family, because Ann Strong was of an ago to possibly be a daughter of this family, and Ann Strong of Goochland County had sons named Thomas arid Sherwood possibly both named after her father, with Ann herself named after her mother, Opponents of my THEORY would point out that there was a Sherwood Strong in our family, who was born long before John Strong would have met an Ann Sherwood. I have a possible explanation for this too, arid that would be that John Strong (2) or George (4.) could have married a sister or other relative of the above Thomas Sherwood.

Goochland County Virginia: 1782 Personal Property Tax:
Mary Strong, 0 tithables, 1 horse, 3 cattle

There is no Mary Strong on the 1783 PP Tax Record. Instead there�s Ann Strong, who didn�t appear on the 1782 Tax. In 1783 Ann. Appears in what seems like the same place that Mary had been in 1782, considering that the same neighbours appeared around both. It could be that Mary and Ann, are the same person, but since they had different names I would rather believe that they were different people especially since I can think of one possible explanation. Mary Strong could have been the widow of Nathaniel Strong sr. since she could have been as young as about 60 in 1782. Ann Strong could have been living in her possible mother in laws household in 1782, and if Mary died before the 1783 tax assessment Arm could have been taxed in her place. Tax records of 1781 and earlier are not available.

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Chapter Nineteen
Edward STRONG (1796)

From here on it is believed through DNA that Edward STRONG and his descendants belong to the English family from Surrey/Rotherhithe areas on the Thames River. Another branch of generations on from those who went to the States, went to New Zealand in 1848, these pages are to help us establish a link to this family living in Mississippi United States.

Edward (1796) was probably born in the 1730�s, or very early 1740�s considering his records in the late 1750�s in Norfolk County, Virginia. Records of him have only been found, so it appears that he lived at least his entire adult life there. There is no proof that he was from our Virginia Strong family, but there are reasons to believe that he was some how connected, especially the fact that Mary Strong, daughter of William (3), married Edward Colley in Norfolk County, and the records show that Edward Strong and the Colley family lived in the same area.

Following are some of his Norfolk County, Virginia Tax records:

A list of Tithables from Great bridge to Edmonds Bridge & Bachelors Mill, taken June 1857, per James Webb: Edward Strong, 1 Tithable.

A list of Tithables from the Great Bridge to Edmond Bridge & to Bachelors Mill, June ye 10th 1957 � by Captain Joshua Corprew: Edward Strong, 1 Tithable.

A list of Tithables from the Ferry Point to the Great Bridge taken the 10th June 1761 by James Webb: Edward Strong, 1 Tithable.

A list of Tithables and Land from the Great Bridge to Edward Bridge to New Mill Creek taken the 10th day of June 1765 by James Webb, Gent: Edward Strong & Negro Pegg, 1 Tithables, no land.

Following are the Norfolk County, Virginia Court Orders of Edward (1796):

Norfolk County, Virginia: August 20 1761, order is granted Edward Strong against Ralph Carr for 200 pounds of tobacco for 8 days attendance in his suit against James Starkins.

Norfolk County, Virginia: July 18 1765, order is granted Edward Strong against Ralph Carr for 75 pounds of tobacco for one days attendance cash in his suit against Benjamin Hautstead, John Cushing and John Taylor.

Norfolk County Virginia: October 16 1766 Edward Strong vs. Caleb Butt, judgment is granted the plaintiff for 1 pound, 17 shillings, 8 pence. It is ordered that the defendants pay the same unto the plaintiff with costs and fee.

Norfolk County Virginia: October 20 1768, Edward Strong vs. Taylor Sevills, dismissed.

Norfolk County Virginia: December 21 1769, Edward Strong vs., Zacharias Maosingale; at the defendant�s cost.

Norfolk County Virginia: December 22 1769, Edward Strong this day took the oaths of the government and subscribed the test, also the oath of a constable, enters upon the execution of his offices.

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Norfolk County, Virginia: May 10 1770 Edward Strong appointed overseer of the roads from the Great Bridge Causey to the High Land near his house, and ordered that the following Hands to wit: John Wilson, Richard Templeman, John Carso, Nicholas Powell, John Pasteur, Henry Bussie, Samuel Bussie, James Bradley, James McCoy, William McCoy, Charles Magle, and his overseer Bennett Armstrong, John English, Edward Strong, Isaiah Nichols, Cartwright Butt, Peter Butt, William Butt, David Manning, Simon Partlock, James Wright Caleb Crookmear, Uriah Butt, Samuel Wormington, John Macoy, William Manning, and John Manning, and their male tithables, work on the said road under the said Edward Strong.

Norfolk County, Virginia: January 17 1771, It is ordered that the clerk pay Edward Strong, 5 Shillings out of the estate of Richard Graingor, deceased, lodged in his hands with cost.

Norfolk County, Virginia: March 23 1771 Edward Strong, Administrator of Ralph Carr, vs. James Pinkerton, by petition and summons judgement is granted the plaintiff for 2 Pounds, 3 Shillings, 2 Pence 3 Farthings. Ordered the defendant pay the same unto the plaintiff with cost.

Norfolk County, Virginia: April 13 1771 Edward Strong vs. Nicholas Powell, dismissed.

Norfolk County, Virginia: April 18 1771 Order is granted Edward Strong vs. James Pasteur for 475 pounds of tobacco for 19 days attendance in the suit of Matthew Rothary vs. him.

Norfolk County, Virginia: February 1774 Edward Strong vs. James Hill by petition and summons. Judgment is granted the plaintiff for 2 Pounds, 4 Shillings. It is ordered that the defendant pay the same to the plaintiff with cost and fee.

The following record is proof that Edward (1796) served in the Revolution:

From: William And Mary Quarterly t1, Vol. 5:
Committee for Norfolk County, July 20, 1775: Edward Strong

The above and below, prove that Edward (1796) died between 1775 and 1778:

From: �The Virginia Gazette�, September 25, 1778:
All persons indebted to the estate of Capt. Edward Strong, deceased, are desired to make immediate payment; and those who have accounts against the said estate, are requested to bring them in, as I expect to have the estate settled by the first day of December next and shall not pay-any accounts that is brought in after that time.
George Callis, Administrator.
(It hasn�t yet been determined if Edward Strong was a Captain in the Revolutionary Army, or a sea captain.

The following record proves that he died before August 24, 1777:
Norfolk County, Virginia:
Appraisement Book 1 �Page 194. Pursuant to an Order of Norfolk County Court August 4 1777 we the Subscribers have appraised the personal Estate of Edward Strong,

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deceased, as brought to your view by the Administrators, vis.:

I Bed and Furniture....................1 Tin Candlestick
1 Bed and Furniture....................1 pair Dog Irons
1 Bed and Furniture....................1 Old Chest
1 Deak.................................1 Woolen wheel
3 Table................................Iron
1 Table................................2 Jugs
1 Chest................................2 Ploughs
I Silver Watch.........................1 Flax brake
l Gun..................................1 frying pan
7 Old Flags............................3 Old hoes
I Gin Case and Bottles.................3 Iron pots
1 pair Money Scales....................1 Cross Cut Saw
1 Small Spy Glass and Cork Screw.......I Iron Kettle
3 Linen Wheel..........................3 pair Steelyards
A parcel of Books of different Sorts...2 Ewes
2 pouter dishes........................4 Goats
1 Basin and 7 plates...................1 horse Saddle & Bridle
1 Quart Measure........................1 Anchor
1 Stone plate..........................1 Negro Woman Hannah
1 Tea Cup and 2 Saucers................boy Jacob
3 Knives and Three forks............Girl Patience
3 Pails 1�.1 Can and 1 Wooden Bowl.....Pegg
.......................................Girl Murroah


Total Value: 357 Pounds
signed: Pat Mackey, William Bressie, James Jolliff
October 6, 1780 returned and examined, Alexander Mosely, D/C1.

There are several Strong�s that later arrear on census records marriage records, etc, of Norfolk County, and very probably at least some of these are children, grandchildren, etc. of Edward (l796), but not enough research has been done on those so we�ll concentrate here on just what has been found about the possible wife of Edward (1796), and one son named John. First, about the possible wife:

Norfolk County, Virginia: September 3 1787 Mrs. Ann Strong married Joseph Williams, Surety John Williams, The fact that this lady was a Mrs. is a sign that she was the widow of some Strong, and the only Strong known to have been in Norfolk County about that time and to have died earlier, was Edward (1796) so there�s a very good possibility that this was his widow.

Norfolk County, Virginia.: April 25, 1797, John Thompson; attorney for Anna Strong, both of Robeson County, North Carolina, to Henry Butt Sr., of Norfo1k County, Virginia, for 26 Pounds, 5 Shillings 10� acres in St. Bride�s Parish bounded by Maxey McCoy, Henry Butt, and Ethrod Etheridge, which land devolved to Ann Strong by the death of Samuel Etheridge.
Witnesses: Samuel Butt, Maxoy McCoy, Solomon Butt, Henry Butt, and Dinah McCoy. (There is also another deed, almost identical, except that it is for different, adjoining, land to Maxoy McCoy.)

Because the above deed includes the names McCoy, Butts, and Etheridge all known neighbors of Edward Strong (1796) we can be sure that Anna Strong was somehow related to him. She could be Edwards widow, but there is a problem here, in that Edward�s widow Ann may have married

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Joseph Williams in 1787, so in 1797 she would be Anna Williams. It is possible that both Ann Strong�s could be the same person, or one could be the widow of Edward Strong, and the other the wife of another Strong, which other Strong would probably be a son of Edward. This deed also shows a good possibility that Ann Strong was a daughter of Samuel Etheridge. A little more research on Joseph and Ann Williams, and Samuel Etheridge, in Norfolk County, Virginia and on Ann Strong and other Strong�s in Robeson County North Carolina, would probably produce good results with the Ann Strong problems here.

Following is the child of Edward Strong (1796)
John Strong (1797) was born on February 6 1763 in Norfolk County Virginia, per record that will appear later. Before proceeding further, I�ll now present what seems to be proof that Edward (1796) did have a son named John:

Norfolk County Virginia:
February 28 1784, John Strong to Bennet Armstrong, both of Norfolk County, for 20 pounds, 16 acres in St Brides Parish where on Edward Strong, deceased, formerly lived bound by road, Solon Butt, Robert McCoy.
Witnesses: John Murden, Jacob Shipwash, John Armstrong, William Murden and Thomas Nicholson.

This deed does not specifically state that John Strong was the son of Edward Strong, but the fact that Edward had died about 7 years earlier and that John Strong was now in possession of his land and selling it in the year that he reached 21 years of age, leaves little doubt of the relationship. However, this does not prove that this was the particular John Strong, later of Copiah County, Mississippi, that we will soon be discussing herein. The best proof of that is as follows.

1: John (1797) named his first son, Edward

2: Records of John Strong (1797), that will appear later, will show that he was born in 1763 in Norfolk County, Virginia, which has him born in the right place, at the right time, to be the John Strong that was the son of Edward (1796).

3: No other records of John Strong have been found in Norfolk County, Virginia, which is what would be expected of John (1797), since a 1784 selling of his land there and then a near immediate removal from that county, compliments the known travels of John (1797)

The family of John (1797) later stated that he was a Captain in the Revolutionary War, serving under Colonel Dudley and General Greene and that he saw services in the battles of Guilford Courthouse, Cowpens and Eutaw Springs. This information came from his family about 150 years ago and I believe it is true, but no actual records of his service have yet been found. These records would probably be found in the records of the Norfolk County Militia, if those still exist. The only thing that I might doubt about his Revolutionary service would be that he was a Captain in that war. He would have been a very young Captain, so it would seem more likely that he was either a private or ensign. I haven�t seen any accounts of his Revolutionary service from many years age that actually state that

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he was a Captain in the Revolution, but he was known as �Captain John Strong�, so I think it very possible that in more recent years some people have thought that this rank was attained in the Revolution but that actually he acquired this rank in some later Mississippi Militia service.

In a newspaper article that will soon be presented the family of John (1797) states that after the Revolution he moved to North Carolina, there married Mary Gibson, daughter of Thomas Gibson, Esq. and that he also lived in South Carolina from 1800 to 1807, before moving to Mississippi Territory.
Following is the evidence I�ve found concerning these statements:
The 1790 census of North Carolina includes two John Strong�s, one is John (7), of Rockingham County, the other as follows:

1790 Richmond County, North Carolina
John Strong, males 1 over 16, 1 under 16
females 2
slaves 2

Near neighbors are Thomas Gibson Sr., Thomas Gibson jr., James Gibson, and Nelson Gibson. Per the newspaper article these Gibsons are probably the father-in-law (Thomas Gibson Sr.), and other in-laws of John (1797). Also note that John Strong above appears to be married with one son in 1790, which matches other information.

Richmond County, North Carolina: September 12, 1793 from John Strong of Richmond County, to Nelson Gibson, for 25 Pounds, 100 acres In Richmond County on the North side of Peedee River. Witnesses: William Gibson and Nelson Gibson. (Here are more Gibsons on this record with John Strong, probable brothers-in-law, and. John Strong (l797) named sons, Nelson and. William.)

The above two records pretty well verify that this John Strong living in Richmond. County, North Carolina was John (1797), and the fact that no other John Strong records were found in Richmond County would seem to indicate that he did leave, as the newspaper article states. I have not searched South Carolina records f or evidence of his residence there, but did find the following record that indicates his traveling west to Mississippi Territory at the proper time:

From the Minutes of the Executive Department of Georgia:
Monday, 14th March 1808, On recommendation Ordered that passports through the Creek Nation be prepared as after mentioned-to-wit-One for Thomas Summerall and his family-One for John Strong and his family, and one for Alexander McIntosh and his family, which were presented and signed.

Following is the newspaper article that I have been referring to, which was probably written from information obtained from one of the children of John Strong (l797):
From : �Gallatin, Mississippi Southern Star�, issue of October 5, 1838:
ANOTHER REVOLUTIONARY SOLDIER DISCHARGED Departed this life on Tuesday evening the 25th ult., in the 75th year of his age, John

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Strong, a Soldier of the Revolution, and for many years, a citizen of this county. The subject of this hasty sketch was born in Norfolk County, Virginia, February 6 1763 and at the age of sixteen years entered into the service in defence of his country under Col. Dudley. He was with the gallant General Green in seine of his most perilous engagements; shared the strife and the glory of the memorable battles of Guilford Court house, Cowpens and Eutaw Springs, and never quitted the �rented field� until Lord Cornwallis with the disciplined British troops under his command surrendered to the victorious arms of the Sons of freedom under the command of the immortal Washington. The war ended having �the world before him where to choose� he emigrated to North Carolina, where engaging in the pursuits of industry and peace, his conduct drew around him the friendship and esteem of all who knew him. Here it was that he became acquainted with Mary Gibson daughter of Thomas Gibson Esq. To her he told the story of his soldier life, wherein he truly could �speak of most disastrous haaces, of moving accidents by flood or field� and she to reward him, gave him her love, her hand and her heart. Having fought for and obtained a goodly heritage and consummated that happiness which none but virtuous souls can know, his next object was to find a spot more congenial to his active mind and manner of life. Accordingly, he with his young family, left North and removed to South Carolina, in the year 1800, where he lived till the year 1807. About this time the tide of emigration set in from �the States� to the Mississippi Territory.. Mr. Strong was among the emigrants and pitched his tent on the Chickasaw, hay, in Wayne County, where he remained three years. Not satisfied with his location he removed and settled in Marion County where he continued for the space of fifteen years. He convened that industry would be more amply rewarded by cultivating the soil nearer to the �great father of waters�. Once more changed his habitation, and fixed it permanently in Copiah County, where his earthly career was finished. Few men have lived so long and. passed through such a variety of scones without meeting with something to mar their happiness or overthrow the equanimity of their minds. Inheriting from nature a good constitution, a sound discriminating judgment, and taking truth and justice for his qut the stage of action and go to rest before him. His wife too, that long tired, faithful and affectionate companion, who for half a century shared his joys and divided, his cares stepped down into the tomb before him, in the sweet assurance of hope that he would shortly rejoin her in a fairer and happier country. He was, however, surrounded still by warm and sincere friends; every one who knew him was his friend. One of the few survivors of that band of Heroes who achieved the liberties of our country, he delighted in recounting the perils of those times �which tried men�s souls� whilst the young men of his neighborhood hung with pleasing astonishment on his story of the wars, drinking as were patriotism from his lips and standing ready with hearts resolved and hands prepared to �do or die� in freedom�s cause. Such is the influence a good man and true patriot exerts in the circle in which he moves, and which is the surest guarantee that the increase of pure patriotism will never cease to burn on the Altar of civil Liberty. From causes unknown to the writer of this humble tribute to his memory. Mr Strong was never attached to any branch of the Christian church; but his conduct was surely evincive that he ever had the tear of his maker before his eyes, never taking his Creators name in vain, and doing to others as he would they should do unto him. As one of the evidence of this, the writer is informed

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by one who know him for upwards of thirty years that he never heard him swear but once. What a lesson is this, for the gentlemen of the present day. What an example. As a soldier of the Revolution, he was entitled to a pension from the general Government, and though urged by his friends to apply for it, he refused to do so, alleging that he was amply compensated for the toils and privations he had endured as a soldier, by participating in the blessings of Liberty and peace, which he had fought to obtain and in the pleasing hope that they would be transmitted to the latest posterity. And as though such disinterested services were acceptable to the great ruler of the universe, he was permitted to enjoy those blessings for upwards of fifty years. About a year ago, a parylitick stroke completely destroyed one half of his nervous system from the effects of which he never recovered. Thus as he was beholding the �sere and yellow leaf � of autumn for the seventy fifth time, this pure Republican of the old school1 this faithful soldier, this upright honest man, received his discharge and was called to headquarters to receive his wages.

John (1797) died on September 25 1838 and his wife, Mary Gibson Strong, died on February 3, 1834. She was born on February 10, 1767. They are both buried at Hill Cemetery as are also many members of their family. This cemetery is locates in woods, several miles south of Carpenter, in Copiah County, Mississippi.

Following are his other census records:
1816 Marion County, Mississippi Territory
John Strong Sr.

1820 Marion-County, Mississippi
John Strong, males I 10/15, 3 16/26, ? 26/44, 1 45+ females 2 45+

1830 Copiah County, Mississippi.
John Strong sr. males 1 20/30 1 30/40, 1 60/70
females 1 20/30
slaves 21

Following are the children of John Strong (1797):
EDWARD STRONG (1798)
THOMAS G. STRONG (1799)
WILLIAM STRONG (1800)
JOHN H. STRONG (1801)
NELSON STRONG (1802)
HENRY STRONG (l803)

The following information about the children, etc., of John (l797) is from the research of Mary NowelI, of San Antonio Texas, tombstone inscriptions of Hill cemetery, and census records.

EDWARD STRONG(1798) was born in Richmond County, North Carolina, probably a short time before the 1790 census, since it appears that he is included on that census. On June 4th 1818, in Marion County, Mississippi he married Ann Sawyer. Following are his census records:

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1816 Marion County, Mississippi Territory Edward Strong

1820 Marion County, Mississippi
Edward Strong, males 3. 26/45
females 1 16/26

Edward (1798) died between 1820 and 1826, and on January 12, 1826, in Marion County, Mississippi, his widow married George Lane.

Following is his only known child.:
MARY STRONG (1804.) was born between 1820 and 1826.

Thomas G. STRONG (1799) was born in 1792 in Richmond County, North Carolina and died in 1854 in Copiah County, Mississippi. On May 20, 1832 in Copiah County, Mississippi, he married Jane King. There are no known children and it appears that he lived in his parent�s household until after the 1830 census.
Following are his census records:
1840 Copiah County, Mississippi.
Thomas G. Strong, males I 50/60
females 1 15/20, 1 30/40

1850 Copiah County Mississippi
Thomas G. Strong, 61years, born North Carolina, planter, $1000 r.o.
Jane..............47 South Carolina

WILLIAM STRONG (1800) was born on May 9, 1794 probably in Richmond County, North Carolina, or in South Carolina. He died on November 22, 1832 in Copiah County, Mississippi and was buried in the Hill Cemetery in that county. On February, 1830, in Copiah County, Mississippi, he married Mary Spencer.
Following is his census record:
1830 Copiah County Mississippi
William Strong, males 1 3O/40
females 1 20/30

Following are his children:
NANCY MALENA STRONG (18O5) was born on November 19, 1830, and died on August 7, 1836. She was buried at the Hill Cemetery.
SUSANNAH REBECCA STRONG (1806) was born on March 6, 1832, and. died on October 27 1857. On December 19, 1850, in Copiah County, Mississippi she marries. Aaron B. Lowe.

Following are her children:
A.H. LOWE (l807) was born in l851, and died in 1872.
SARAH RAE LOWE (1808) was born in 1869
Back to the children of John (l797):

Page 405

JOHN H STRONG (1801) was born on October 14, 1796 in Richmond County, North Carolina or in South Carolina. He died on February 28, 1837, and was buried at the Hill Cemetery in Copiah County, Mississippi. He married Delaney Adams on September 13, 1821 in Marion County Mississippi. She was born about l802 in Mississippi, and died in l885 in Copiah County, Mississippi.

Following are their census records:
1816 Marion County, Mississippi Territory
John Strong Jr.

1830 Copiah County, Mississippi
John Strong jr, males 1 0/5, 1. 5/10, 1 20/30, 1 30/40
females 2 0/5, 2 5/10, 1 20/30

1840 Copiah County, Mississippi
Delena Strong, males 1 5/1o, 2 10/15
females 1 0/5, 2 5/lO, 3 10/15, 1 15/20,
slaves 9

1860 Copiah County, Mississippi
Dulaney Strong, 58 years, born Mississippi

Following are the children of John (1801):
REBECCA STRONG (1809) was born in 1822. She was called Isabella Rebecca in the will-of John l797). On November 1, 1838, in Copiah County, Mississippi, she married Edward Jackson and later married John G. Strong.
MARY STR0NG (1810) was born in August 1823 or 1825, died on May 20, 1854 and was buried at the Hill Cemetery. She married Sterling G. Jenkins on July 14., 1842 in Copiah County, Mississippi.

Following are her children:
WILLIAM D.B. STRONG (1811) was born on May 10, 1843, died on August 29, 1843, and was buried at Hill Cemetery.
SUSANNAH JENKIN (1812) was born on March 31, 1847, died on November 7, 1847 and was buried at Hill Cemetery.
ELISHA M JENKINS (l8l3) was born on March 3, 1845, died on June 35, 1848 and, was buried at Hill Cemetery.
MARTHA B. JENKINS (1814) was born about 1849.
MADY DELANA JENKINS (1815) was born on May 15, 1851, and died on March 9, 1856.

Back to the children of John (1801):
JOHN STRONG (1816) was born on February 3, l825 died on August 27 1858, and was buried at Hill Cemetery. He married Margaret Mirandi Anderson on November 11, 1848 in Copiah County, Mississippi. She was born about 1832, and was called 'Mandy'.

Page 406

Following are the children of John (1816):
HENRY STRONG (1817) was born about I851, and is probably the �Chunky� Strong named by a nephew.

Following are the children of �Chunky� Strong:
NELSON STRONG (1818)
HOMER STRONG (1819)
WILMA STRONG (1820)
LONNIE STRONG (1821)

Back to the children of John (l816):
THOMAS N. STRONG (1822) was born on February 4 1854 and died on September 3, 1916

Following are his children:
KELLY STRONG (1823) was living in 1970 near Jack, Copiah County, Mississippi.

His children:
GERALD STRONG (1824)
CARSON STRONG (1825)

Back to the children of Thomas (1822):
Nelson STRONG (1826)
BLANCHE STRONG (1827) married Mr. Lewis.
ERNIE STRONG (l828)
CAREY STRONG (1829)
N0RA STRONG (1830) married Mr. Green.

Back to the children of John (1816):
WILLIAM A. STRONG (1831) was born on September 21 1847 and died on February 9, 1918. His children were known to be living at Carpenter, Copiah County, Mississippi, around 1920.

Following are his children:
BILL STRONG (1832)
WILL STRONG (l833)
TED STRONG (1834), Was still living in 1979.
DOC STRONG (1835) twin
DUTE STRONG (1836)twin

Page 407

Back to the children of John (1816):
JAMES M. STRONG (1837) was born about 1858, and married Quillie..
MANNIE STRONG (1838)

Back to the children of John (1801):
THOMAS G. STRONG (1839) was born on July 7, 1820 in Mississippi and died on May 26 1904. He first married Nancy Anderson on December 1st 1846 in Copiah County, Mississippi. She was born on August 15, 1828, and died on August 8, 1859. He second married Obedience Green, who was born in 1839, and. died in 1914.

Following are his children:
HENRY A. STRONG (184O) was born on September 21,1847, and died on February 9, 1918 in Copiah County, Mississippi. Following is his census record:
1880 Copiah County, Mississippi
H.A. Strong....32 years, born Mississippi
Redonia........22 Mississippi wife
Vernon..........4 Mississippi son
George W.......25 Mississippi brother

His child:
VERNON STRONG (1841)

Back to the children of Thomas (1839):
JOHN STRONG (1842) was born about 1850
STACY E.B.STRONG (1843) was born on July 9 1849 and died on December 14. 18-- In Copiah County, Mississippi.
ANNIE D. STRONG (1844) was born about 1852.
W.J. STRONG (1845) was born about l855.
GEORGE W. STRONG (l846) was born about 1859.
MARY ELIZABETH STRONG (1847) was born after 1860 and married. John M. Anderson.
ALICE STRONG (1848) was born after 1860, and married Elon Anderson. Back to the children of John (l801):
HESTER STRONG (l849) was born in 1828 in Mississippi and died in 1859. On October 3, 1848 in Copiah County, Mississippi, she married John Coleman Hood, who was born, in 1822 in Mississippi, and. died in 1865

Her child:
JEFFERSON STRONG (185O) was probably born before 1848.

Page 408

Back to the children of John (1801)
ELEANOR STRONG (1851) was born on July 25 1829 and died on April 29 1843. She was buried at Hill Cemetery.
ELIZABETH STRONG (1852) was born on May 28 1831 and died on July 20 107. On December 23 1847 in Copiah County Mississippi, she married Jesse Fox Hood who was born in 1826 in Mississippi.

Following are her children:
MONROE HOOD (1853) was born about 1847
JOHN A. HOOD (1854) was born about 1850
THOMAS HOOD (1855) was born after 1850
MARTHA REBECCA HOOD (1856) was born after 1850, married Davis Jenkins in 1874 and had 10 children.

Back to the children of John (1801)
ANDERSON STRONG (1857) was born September 5 1832 and died on October 29 1845
ISABELLE SUSANNAH STRONG (1858) was born on June 20 1835 and died on September 22 1880. She first married Elijah Lewis on November 29 1853 and second married James Abner Lack. Mary Nowell believes that Isabella (1858) could really be the daughter of Nelson Strong (1802)

Following are her children.
MARY LEWIS (1859) married Luther Anderson
MATTIE LEIS (1860) married Liege Hood
(a daughter) Lack (1861) married Sam Templeton
NELSON STRONG (1802) was born about 1799 in South Carolina and married Louranie Ellis who was born about 1809 in Louisiana.

Following are his census records,
1830 Copiah County Mississippi
Nelson Strong males 2 0/5, 1 30/40
Females 1 20/30

1840 Copiah County Mississippi
Nelson Strong. Males 1 0/5, 2 10/15, 1 0/50
Females 2 0/5. 2 5/10, 1 30/40
Slaves 6

1850 Scott County Mississippi
Nelson G. Strong..51 years born South Carolina, farmer, $1200 r.e.
Luraing...........41 Louisiana
Henry.............23 Mississippi
John..............21 Mississippi

Page 409

Elizabeth........16 Mississippi
Mary M..........35 Mississippi
Nelson...........12 Mississippi
Susan............10 Mississippi
Artalosin.........7 Mississippi
Martha............4 Mississippi
Sarah..........1 Mississippi

Following arc the children of Nelson (1802)
HENRY STRONG (1862) married three times; to Marler, to Vaughn, and to Kate Adams Anderson in Smith County, Mississippi.

Following is his child:
JOHN BAXTER STRONG (l863) married Alice Buckaloo.

Following is his census record.:

1880 Copiah County, Mississippi
John B. Strong...21 years, born Mississippi
Alice............19 Mississippi
Donia............1 Mississippi

Following are his children:
OTIS STRONG (1864)
PHREDONIA STRONG (1865)
LIZZIE STRONG (1866) married Allen Jenkins
ESTELLE STRONG (1867)
LISTERN STRONG(1868) married Eddie Barker
JEANETTE STRONG (1869) married John Vaughn
BESSIE STRONG (1870) was living in Memphis, Tennessee in l956
JESSIE STRONG (1871) married three times, to Will Methvin to H.B.Leach. to Mr. Brummette in Memphis, Tennessee

Back to the children of Nelson (1802):
JOHN STRONG (1872)
ELISABETH STRONG (1873)
MARY M. STRONG (1874)
LOUISA STRONG (1875) was born on. July 12, 1837, died on July 13, 1837, and was buried at Hill Cemetery.
NELSON STRONG (1876). The following is probably his census record:

Page 410

1880 Houston County, Texas
Nelson Strong...42 years, born Mississippi
Susan...........25 Mississippi
Lurena..........2 Texas
John N..........I Texas


Following are his children:
LURENA STRONG (1877)
JOHN N. STRONG (l878)

Back to the children of Nelson (1802):
SUSAN STRONG (1879)
LEURANIA STRONG (l88O) was born on February 12, 1842, died on August 10, 1844, and was buried at Hill Cemetery.
ARTALESIA STRONG (1881)
MARTHA STRONG (1882)
SARAH STRONG (1883)

HENRY STRONG (1803) was born in 1804 in South Carolina, and died in Brazil. A recent newspaper article stated that Henry (1803) built the Luther Jackson House in Copiah County, Mississippi on land that he owned from 1857 to 1867. It further stated that Henry was so infuriated by the outcome of the Civil War that he moved to Brazil, where he could continue to own slaves and sold the house and land to his daughter, Mary M. Ellis, for �love and affection�. On September 8, 1830; in Copiah County, Mississippi, he married Rebecca S.F. Spencer who was born on June 29, 1811 in Georgia, died on June 29 1846 and. was buried at Hill Cemetery, Copiah County, Mississippi.
Following are his census records:
1840 Copiah County, Mississippi
Henry Strong, males 1. 30/40
females 2 O/5, 4 5/10, 1 20/30
slaves 12

1850 Copiah County, Mississippi
Henry Strong, 46 years, born South Carolina, planter, $3OOO r.o. (Living with the Benjamin Bridges family)

Following are the children of Henry (18O3):
MARY MATHILDE STRONG (1884) was born about 1833, and married Warren M.Ellis, who was born in 1824 in Louisiana.

Following is her child:
SARAH R. ELLIS (l885) was born about 1849; and. moved to Brazil, probably with her grandfather about 1867.

Page 411

Back to the children of Henry (1803):
NANCY MALINDA STRONG (1886) was born on March 24, 1834, died in. October 1836, and was buried at Hill Cemetery.
REBECCA STRONG (l887) was born on November 1, 1839, and died on September 22, 1847. She was buried at Hill Cemetery.
JOHN THOMAS STRONG (I888) was born on January 13 or 31 1830, and died on November 23, 1838. He was buried at Hill Cemetery.
MARTHA E. STRONG (1889) was born on September 17, 1843, died on July 11, 1846, and was buried at Hill Cemetery.
HENRY SPENCER STRONG (1890) was born on February 26, 1846, died on August 11, 1847, and was buried at Hill Cemetery.
NELSON LAFAYETTE STRONG (1891) is said to have served during the Civil War, at the 7 Days Battle at Richmond, Virginia.