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Family History

 

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     My Reinhard family ancestry has been traced back as far as my 8th great grandfather Johann George Reinhardt.  George was born between 1633 and 1662 near the city of Darmstadt in the German state of Hessen.   He lived in this area his entire life and died sometime during the first decade of the 18th century in the village of Eberstädt.  Today Eberstädt is the southernmost suburb of the Darmstadt urban district.

     Arnold Reinhardt, son of the aforementioned George, was born 1684 at the village of Pfungstadt which borders Eberstädt to the east.  In modern Germany, Pfungstadt is located within the district of Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen.  In 1715 Arnold married Anna Elizabeth Wambold, also a native of Pfungstadt.  To this union five known off-spring were produced between 1716 and 1725.  It is through their son Valentin, born in 1725, that this family line continued.  It is said that Arnold worked as a baker and also as a customs official for the Landgraviate of Hesse-Darmstadt.  Arnold’s life was cut short when he died, at Pfungstadt, in 1727 at the age of 43. 

     My 6th great-grandfather Valentin Reinhardt is recognized as the progenitor of this family line in America. Valentin was born at Pfungstadt in 1725.  Valentin was born at Pfungstadt in 1725.  After his father’s death Valentin’s mother married Valentin Steinmetz, with who she had three more children.  In 1737 the Valentin the Steinmetz and a few other Wambold relatives took passage on the ship St. Andrew Galley out of Rotterdam.  On September 236th of that year the ship arrived at Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.  It appears the Steinmetz, Reinhard, and Wambold families moved to the Upper Providencearea (then in Philadelphia County).  While there it is most probable that they attended the Augustus Evangelical Lutheran Church, now in the town of Trappe, Montgomery County.  Around 1749 Valentin married his wife Anna Barbara, (nee?).  It is believed that he was now living near his elder brother George, who by 1744, had moved to Saucon Township* in Bucks county.  It was here that he and Barbara began to raise a family.  At least three of their children were born at this location between 1750 and 1753.  During this time period the Reinhard family attended St. Paul's Evangelical Lutheran Church, familiarly known as the “Blue Church”.   A 1750 recordexists identifying both Valentin and his wife as “Communicant Members.”  It appears that sometime after 1754 Valentin moved his family, possible to York county, Pennsylvania, where three of his children may have been born between 1756 and 1758.  By 1763 he and his family were settled on land in the Piney Creek Hundredlocated in Frederick County, Marylandnear the border with York County, Pennsylvania.  This area was to become a part of Carroll County, Maryland when it was formed in 1836.  During this time the Reinhard family attended Sherman's (St. David's) Union Church in Manheim Township**, York County.  Valentin supported his family as a farmer and distiller.  He also served his community as an “Overseer of Roads.”  His Last Will and Testament was written on 20 June 1791.  The names of his wife, children, and sons-in-law are mention within this document.  Valentin Reinhard died soon after in 1792 at Frederick County.

       I am descended through Valentin’s daughter Catherine Reinhardt born in 1756.  Catherine married John Schall, of nearby Baltimore County, around 1785.  It is most probable that they moved from Frederick County, Maryland to Chanceford Township, in York County, Pennsylvania sometime prior to 1800.

* Saucon Township was originally established in 1742 as part of Bucks County. In 1752, county lines were changed, and the large township became part of Northampton County. It was divided into Upper and Lower Saucon in 1753. Both townships were part of Northampton County until 1812.  In 1812 Lehigh County was formed from Northamption County Upper Saucon is now a part of  LehighCounty, Pennsylvania.

** now West Manheim Township

 

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Origins of the surname

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Origins of the Surname

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·       An Introduction to the Name

·       Meaning of the Name

·        History of the Name

·     Early Immigrants to North America With This Surname

·      More About Surname Meanings & Origins

 

An Introduction to the Name 

    With the passing of generations and the movement of families moved from place to place many of the original identifying names were altered into some of the versions that we are familiar with today.  Over the centuries, most of our European ancestors accepted their surname as an unchangeable part of their lives.  Thus people rarely changed their surname.  Variations of most surnames were usually the result of an involuntary act such as when a government official wrote a name phonetically or made an error in transcription.  Research into the record of this Reinhard family line indicates that the variations, meanings and history of this surname is most likely linked to that area of Europe where the German culture and language is commonly found. 

 

Meaning of the Name

     Most modern family names throughout Europe originated from with of the following circumstances: occupation (i.e., Carpenter, Cooper, Brewer, Mason); locational (Middleton, Sidney, or Ireland) or topographical (i.e. Hill, Brook, Forrest, Dale); nicknames (i.e., Moody Freeholder, Wise, Armstrong); status (i.e. Freeman, Bond, Knight); and acquired ornamental names that were simply made up.

     The Reinhard surname is ultimately of pre 7th century Germanic origins.  It is a German and Jewish (Ashkenazic) surname that comes from a Germanic male personal name "Raginhard", composed of the elements "ragin", meaning counsel, with "hard", hardy, brave, strong.  This name was borne by the cunning fox in the popular medieval cycle of beast-tales, with the result that from the 13th Century the Old French "goupil", fox, was replaced by the modern form "renard", fox.   This suggests that the surname may also have originated as a nickname for crafty individuals, referring to the fox's reputation for cunning.

 

History of the Name

     The Reinhard name was first found in the Duchy of Saxony, a German state which emerged about AD 700, and grew to cover the greater part of Northern Germany.  It originally covered the area of the modern German states of Lower Saxony, North Rhine-Westphalia, Schleswig-Holstein, and Saxony-Anhalt.  The Saxons were converted to Christianity during this period by Charlemagne, despite fierce resistance by the Saxon chieftains.

     The surname is first recorded in the early 13th Century and recordings of the surname from medieval times include Heinrch Reinhard of Bonnigheld, Germany, in the year 1286, and Heinrici Reinhart of Homburg, Germany, in 1315.   Notable persons with this surname include Django Reinhardt (1910-53) a Belgium guitarist, born in Liverchies to a family of gipsy entertainers, and Adolf Fredrick Reinhardt (1913-67) an American painter and critic, born in Buffalo, New York.

 

Early Immigrants to North America

     During the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries hundreds of thousands of Europeans made the perilous ocean voyage to North America.  For many it was an escape from economic hardship and religious persecution.  For most it was an opportunity for to start over, own their own land, and make a better future for their descendents.  Immigration records show a number of people bearing the name of Reinhard, or one of its variants, as arriving in North America between the 17th and 20th centuries.  Some of these immigrants were:  Henry Reinhard, who sailed to England or America in 1709; Ulrich Reinhardt, who sailed to Philadelphia in 1733; and Ulrich Reinhart to Philadelphia in 1749. 

     Many German surnames were re-spelled in America because of the close relationship between the English and German languages.  In some cases Germans are able to transform their names to the English form just by dropping a single letter.   After the start of the first World War, Germans in great numbers Anglicized their names in an effort to remove all doubt as to their patriotism. 

 

More About Surname Meanings & Origins

German Surnames

 Many German names have their roots in the Germanic middle ages. The process of forming family names began around the year 1100 and extended through 1600. All social classes and demographic strata aided in the development of names. First Names (Rufnamen) identified specific persons. Over time the first name began to be applied to the bearer's whole family. At first through verbal usage, family names (Familiennamen) were later fixed through writing. Until the 17th century, first names played a more important role. The earliest family names derived from the first name of the first bearer (Patronym). Later names derived from the place of dwelling and location of the homestead. If a person of family migrated from one place to another they were identified by the place they came from. Of more recent origin are names derived from the vocation of profession of the first bearer. These names comprise the largest group and the most easily recognizable, for they tell what the first bearer did for a living. Another group are names derived from a physical or other characteristic of the first bearer. Finally, there are names that tell you the state or region a first bearer and his family came from; the age old division in tribes and regions (low German, middle German and upper German) is often reflected in names.

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Variations of the surname

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Variations of
the Surname

 

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Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have continued to unfold and expand often leading to an overwhelming number of variants.  As such one can encounter great variation in the spelling of surnames because in early times, spelling in general and thus the spelling of names was not yet standardized.  Later on spellings would change with the branching and movement of families.  Spelling variations of this family name include: Reinhardt, Reinhard, Reinhart, Rheinhardt, Rheinhart, Rheinhard, Reinherdt, Reinherd, Reinhert, Reinert (northern Germany), Reinardt, Reinard and many others.

 

The complexity of researching records is compounded by the fact that in many cases an ancestors surname may also have been misspelled.  This is especially true when searching census documents. The Soundex system was developed in an effort to assist with identifying spelling variations for a given surname.  Soundex is a method of indexing names in the 1880, 1900, 1910, and 1920 US Census, and can aid genealogists in their research.  The Soundex Code for Reinhard is R563.  Other surnames sharing this Soundex Code: REINERT | REINHARD | REINHARDT | REINHART | REYNARD | RHINEHART | RINEHART .

 

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reinhard

Family coat of arms

Family Coat of Arms

 

Reihhardt (German)

Fig. 1

Reinhardt COA 1a

Fig. 2

     There are at least 15* known coat-of-arms designs for the Reinhard/Reinhardt/Reinhart surnames.  

The distinctive coat-of-arms containing a stag in figure 1 was created for a family in Nuremberg, Bavaria.  The three leaves as shown in figures 2 and 3 are found in the arms of families from Prussia, and Saxony.    The utilization of the three stars as in figures 4,5,6, are incorporated into coats-of-arms from Prussia, Saxony, Silesia, and Bavaria.   In addition figures 5 and 6 shows a red fox as the crest.**  This feature is found on coats-of-arms for families  from Speyer, and Winterthur, as well as that of Reinhard de Herzogenstein whose castle was located near Dörscheid now in the  district of Rhein-Lahn, in Rhineland-Palatinate.

      A Reinhardt family motto is not known as it is unusual for a German Achievement to include a motto.

* Reitstap, J.B., Armorial General, Volume II, Genealogical Publishing Co., Baltimore, Maryland, 1965, page 545-546.

** Reinard was the name borne by the cunning fox in the popular medieval cycle of beast-tales, with the result that from the 13th century it began to replace the previous Old French word for the animal. The conservatism of 17th and 18th century heraldry is shown by the fox - an animal regarded as vermin in the Middle Ages, and therefore hardly ever used in blazoning of arms. It re-emerged with the new found sport of fox-hunting, a sport normally associated with noble families.

Reinhardt (low German)

Fig. 3

Reinhardt (diagonal)

Fig. 4

Reinhardt COA 2a

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Reinhardt_GR (horizontal)

Fig. 6

A Coat of Arms is defined as a group of emblems and figures (heraldic bearings) usually arranged on and around a shield and serving as the special insignia of some person, family, or institution.  Except for a few cases, there is really no such thing as a standard "coat of arms" for a surname.  A coat of arms, more properly called an armorial achievement, armorial bearings or often just arms for short, is a design usually granted only to a single person not to an entire family or to a particular surname.  Coats of arms are inheritable property, and they generally descend to male lineal descendents of the original arms grantee.  The rules and traditions regarding Coats of Arms vary from country to country. Therefore a Coat of Arms for an English family would differ from that of a German family even when the surname is the same.  The art of designing, displaying, describing, and recording arms is called heraldry. The use of coats of arms by countries, states, provinces, towns and villages is called civic heraldry.   Some of the more prominent elements incorporated into a  coat of arms are :

Crest - The word crest is often mistakenly applied to a coat of arms.  The crest was a later development arising from the love of pageantry.  Initially the crest consisted of charges painted onto a ridge on top of the helmet.

Wreath or TorseThe torse is a twist of cloth or wreath underneath and part of a crest. Always shown as six twists, the first tincture being the tincture of the field, the second the tincture of the metal, and so on.

Mantling – The mantling is a drapery tied to the helmet above the shield. It forms a backdrop for the shield.

Helm or Helmet - The helmet or helm is situated above the shield and bears the torse and crest. The style of helmet displayed varies according to rank and social status, and these styles developed over time, in step with the development of actual military helmets.

Shield or Arms - The basis of all coats of arms.  At their simplest, arms consist of a shield with a plain field on which appears a geometrical shape or object.  The items appearing on the shield are known as charges.

Motto - The motto was originally a war cry, but later mottoes often expressed some worthy sentiment. It may appear at the top or bottom of a family coat of arms.

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Direct Ancestors

reinhard

Ancestral Lineage

 

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Descendant Register

Generation 1

Johann George Reinhard-1 was born on Bet. 1633-1662 in Germany. He died on Bef. 1715 in Eberstädt, Darmstadt, Hessen, Germany.

 

Arnold Reinhard, B: 1684 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany, 21 Aug 1727 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany, M: 26 Feb  1714/15 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany.

 

Generation 2

Arnold Reinhard-2 was born on 1684 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany. He died on 21 Aug 1727 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany. He married Anna Elizabeth Wambold on 26 Feb 1714/15 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany. She was born on 18 Nov 1693 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany. She died on Aft.  1737 in Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh County, PA.

 

Children of Arnold Reinhard and Anna Elizabeth Wambold are:

 

                Anna Elizabetha Reinhard, B: 19 Sep 1716 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany.

 

                Johann George Reinhard, B: 14 Nov 1718 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany, D: 29 Oct 1778 in Upper Saucon, Lehigh, Pennsylvania, USA.

 

                Elizabetha Margaretha Reinhard, B: 01 May 1721 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany.

 

                Johann Peter Reinhard, B: 09 Aug 1723 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany, D: May 1762 in Northampton County, Pennsylvania, M: 07  Aug 1750 in Augustus Lutheran Church, Upper Providence Twp.,Montgomery  Co., PA.

 

Valentine Reinhard Sr., B: 10 Oct 1725 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg, Hessen, Germany, D: Jun 1792 in Frederick County, Maryland, M: 1749 in Bucks County, Pennsylvania.

 

Generation 3

Valentin Reinhard Sr.-3. He was born on 10 Oct 1725 in Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg,  Hessen, Germany. Immigration on 26 Sep 1737 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Ship: St. Andrew Galley). Will on 20 Jun 1791 in Frederick County, Maryland. He died Jun 1792 in Frederick County, Maryland.   Valentine Reinhard Sr. and Anna Barbara Reinhardt (Nee?). They were married 1749 in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. They had 7 children.

 

Maria Elizabeth Rinehard. She was born on 12 Apr 1750 in Upper Saucon,  Lehigh, Pennsylvania, USA. Baptism on 13 Apr 1750 in Upper Saucon, Lehigh, Pennsylvania, USA.

 

Valentine Rinehard Jr.. He was born on 12 Dec 1751 in Upper Saucon, Lehigh, Pennsylvania, USA. Baptism on 14 Dec 1751 in Upper Saucon, Lehigh, Pennsylvania, USA.

 

Elizabeth Barbara Rinehard. She was born on 20 Feb 1753 in Upper Saucon,  Lehigh, Pennsylvania, USA. Baptism on 04 Mar 1753 in Upper Saucon Township, Lehigh County, PA.

 

Phillippina Christina Rinehard. She was born 1756 in Pennsylvania, USA. She married John Thomas Snouffer. They were married Abt. 1777 in Frederick County, Maryland, USA. She died on 15 Oct 1818 in Frederick County, Maryland.  Burial on 18 Oct 1818 in Krider's Reformed Lutheran Ch., Westminster, Carroll Co., MD.

 

Catherine Rinehard. She was born on 13 Nov 1756 in York County, Pennsylvania?. She was born on 13 Nov 1756 in Frederick County, Maryland.  She married John Schall (Shaul). They were married Abt. 1778 in Frederick County, Maryland?. She died 1825 in Chanceford Twp., York County, Pennsylvania.

 

Anna Maria Rinehard. She was born on 29 Nov 1758 in York County,   Pennsylvania. Baptism on 02 Feb 1759 in Christ Evangelical Lutheran Church, York City, Pennsylvania.

 

George Philip Rinehard. He was born on 30 Apr 1761. He was born on 21 Sep 1763 in York , York Co., Pennsylvania. Baptism on 04 Dec 1763 in Sherman's  (St. David's) Union Church, West Manheim, York County, PA. He died on 12 Nov 1800 in Frederick County, Maryland. Burial in St David's Cemetery, Manheim Township, York, Pennsylvania.

 

Generation 4

Catherine Rinehard-4(Valentine Reinhard Sr.-3, Arnold Reinhard-2, Johann George Reinhard-1) was born on 13 Nov 1756 in Frederick County, Maryland. She died on 1825 in Chanceford Twp., York County, Pennsylvania. She married John Schall (Shaul) on Abt. 1778 in Frederick County, Maryland?, son of Joseph Schall and Barbara Schall (Nee ?). He was born on Abt. 1755. He died on Jan 1814 in Chanceford Twp., York County, Pennsylvania.

 

Children of Catherine Rinehard and John Schall (Shaul) are:

 

i.             Samuel Shaul.

 

ii.            George Shaul, B: 1778, D: 1845.

 

iii.          Mary Shaul, B: 1779, D: 1875.

 

iv.          John Shaull, B: Abt. 1781, D: Abt. 1854.

 

v.           John Peter Shaul, B: 1781, D: 1854 in York County, Pennsylvania.

 

vi.          Jacob Shaul, B: 1783, D: 1823.

 

vii.         Joseph Shaul, B: 1784, D: 1851.

 

viii.       Anna Catherine Shaul, B: 15 Oct 1786 in Piney Creek Hundred, Frederick Co.,  Maryland, D: Abt. 1883 in Chanceford Twp., York Co., Pennsylvania, M: Abt.  1803 in Chanceford Twp., York Co., Pennsylvania.

 

ix.          Henry Shaul, B: 1794 in Piney Creek Hundred, Frederick Co., Maryland, D: 1816.

 

Additional information about our DIRECT ANCESTORS  as well as a complete listing of individuals with this surname may be reviewed by clicking on the following LINK.

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Ancestral locations

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Researching the locations where my ancestors lived has provided me with valuable evidence needed to fill-in the gaps in my family trees.  It has also led me to many interesting facts that enhance the overall picture of each family group.  The names of states and counties on the following list were derived from the known places where the persons in the “Direct Ancestors” list (see above) were born, married, and / or died.

COUNTRY

STATE

COUNTY / SUBDIVISION

GERMANY

HESSEN

Pfungstadt, Darmstadt-Dieburg

UNITED STATES

MARYLAND

Frederick County

PENNSYLVANIA

Bucks, Northampton, Lehigh

 

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Source documents

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·        Rinehart Road - location now in Carroll County

·        Valentin Reinhard, Sr. - St. Andrews Galley 1737 Passenger List

·        Valentin Rinehard, Sr. - 1792 Will & Testament

The documents and headstones contained within the “Source Documents Archives” have been located during my research of this family, and used as evidence to prove many of the facts contained within the database of this family’s record.

 

     Most of these documents can be considered as primary or secondary evidence.  Primary evidence is usually defined as the best available to prove the fact in question, usually in an original document or record.  Secondary evidence is in essence all that evidence which is inferior in its origin to primary evidence. That does not mean secondary evidence is always in error, but there is a greater chance of error.  Examples of this type of evidence would be a copy of an original record, or oral testimony of a record’s contents.  Published genealogies and family histories are also secondary evidence.

     Classifying evidence as either primary or secondary does not tell anything about its accuracy or ultimate value.  This is especially true of secondary evidence.  Thus it is always a good idea to ask the following questions: (1) How far removed from the original is it, (when it is a copy)?;  (2) What was the reason for the creation of the source which contains this evidence?; and (3) Who was responsible for creating this secondary evidence and what interest did they have in its accuracy?

SOURCE:  Greenwood, Val D., The Researcher’s Guide to American Genealogy, 2nd edition, Genealogical Publishing  Co., Baltimore, MD 21202, 1990, pgs. 62-63

 

You are welcome to download any of the documents contained within this archive.

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Your genealogy research of this surname can be facilitated by use of SURNAME WEB. This website links to the majority of the surname data on the web, as well as to individual family trees, origin and surname meaning if known, and many other related genealogy resources. 

 

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SurnameDB Free database of surname meanings - This site SurnameDB.Com contains a large FREE to access database (almost 50,000 surnames) on the history and meaning of family last names.

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Fred
889 Dante Ct.
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