|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Family
history
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
The
progenitor of our branch of this Kerr family in America is believed to be our
7th great-grandfather James
Kerr,
born around 1685 probably in Scotland.
James married Martha Ball
around 1704. This event may have also
occurred in Scotland. James and Martha Kerr and their
eldest child John Kerr
made the ocean voyage to America around 1707 and most likely arrived at the
port of Philadelphia in Colony of Pennsylvania. The
Kerr family is initially found prior to 1722 in Donegal Township, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. John and Malcolm Ker (Kerr) appear for the
first time on the 1724 Donegal assessment list. In 1735 John, James, and David Kerr
and other inhabitants of Chester and Lancaster counties signed a petition for
a road from John Harris' ferry to Edward Kennison plantation in the Great (Shenandoah) Valley. Following this event the Kerr families
moved west along the “Philadelphia Wagon Road”
from Lancaster County to the area around present day Harrisburg,
Pennsylvania. From here they moved
south into the Shenandoah Valley of Virginia.
The journey of James and the Kerr
family from Lancaster County, Pennsylvania to Augusta County, Virginia
began around 1738 when the families pulled up stakes, loaded their horses
with family goods, and started south over the “Warrior’s Path” toward the
cheaper lands in Virginia. James Kerr was among the first
settlers of Beverley Manor whose title deeds are recorded in Orange
County. This area of Orange County would
become Augusta County in 1745. This
record states that James Kerr had a grant for 473 acres of land. Maps of the
northeastern section of Beverley's Manor show this tract on a stream that
appears to be called Meadows Run, which empties into Cathey's River. The land
is south of the bend in Cathey's River on which James Kerr's son John
settled. The Kerr surname appears in records of
the Augusta Stone Church, as
well as in the history of the Tinkling Springs Church. James Kerr took a leadership role in the
earliest records of the Tinkling Spring Church as noted by the fact that he
is among the subscribers to the 14 August 1741 petition to build a
Presbyterian meetinghouse at Tinkling Spring. During his years in Augusta County James
became quite active as a community leader.
In 1745, he was made an overseer of the road between the mountains
above Thompson's ford and Tinkling Spring. In that same year his name, along
with son Andrew, was placed upon a list as one of the original panel of
magistrates for Augusta County. James
died sometime early in 1770. James’ daughter, our 6th
great-grandmother, Letticia Kerr
was born 1723 in Pennsylvania. In
1748 she married William Robertson,
son of James Robertson, both of Beverly Manor in Augusta
County. Letticia bore at least twelve
children one of which was Elizabeth Robertson,
our 5th great-grandmother.
Letticia lived the remainder of her days in Augusta county where she
passed away in the middle of her 49th year. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Origins of the
surname
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
An Introduction to the Surname
The practice of inherited
family surnames began in England and France during the late part of the 11th century. With the passing of generations and
the movement of families from place to place many of the original identifying
names were altered into some of the versions that we are familiar with
today. Over the centuries, most of our
European ancestors accepted their surname as an
unchangeable part of their lives. Thus
people rarely changed their surname.
Variations of most surnames were usually the result of an involuntary
act such as when a government official wrote a name phonetically or made an error in
transcription. Research into the record of this Kerr family line indicates that the
variations, meanings and history of this surname is most likely linked to
that area of Europe where English, Scottish, and Irish linguistic traditions are commonly found. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Source(s) & Meaning(s) of
the Surname
Most of the modern family names throughout Europe have originated from
with of the following circumstances: patronym or matronym, names based on the name of one's father,
mother or ancestor, (Johnson, Wilson). Each is a means of conveying lineage; occupation (i.e., Carpenter, Cooper, Brewer, Mason); habitational (Middleton, Sidney, or Ireland) or topographical (i.e. Hill, Brook, Forrest, Dale); nicknames (i.e., Moody Freeholder, Wise, Armstrong); status (i.e. Freeman, Bond, Knight); and acquired
ornamental names that were simply made up. Found mainly in the famous "Border counties" of
the England and Scotland, Kerr
is a topographic name for someone who lived by a patch of wet ground
overgrown with brushwood. The derivation of the name is from the pre 7th
century Old Norse word "kjarr", meaning copsewood, brushwood, or
wet ground, which became in Middle
English "kerr", describing a bog or fen, covered with low
brushwood. A
legend grew up that the Kerrs were left-handed, on theory that the name is
derived from Gaelic cearr ‘wrong-handed’, ‘left-handed’. Carr is an Irish
variant of Kerr. The surname found in
Ulster Province (Northern Ireland) is an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Carra
‘descendant of Carra’, a byname meaning ‘spear’. The traditional Irish surname is an
Anglicized form of Gaelic Mac Giolla Chathair, a Donegal name meaning ‘son of
the servant of Cathair’. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
History of the Surname
Surnames as we know them today were first assumed in Europe from the 11th to the 15th century. They were not in use in England or Scotland, before the Norman Conquest of 1066, and were first found in the Domesday Book of 1086. The employment in the use of a second name was a custom that was first introduced from the Normans who had adopted the custom just prior to this time. Soon thereafter it became a mark of a generally higher socio-economic status and thus seen as disgraceful for a well-bred man to have only one name. It was not until the middle of the 14th century that surnames became general practice among all people in the British Isles. In
Scotland the family has many branches, among them the Marquesses of
Lothian. The surname in Scotland is first recorded in the border
lands area of Scotland where the Lothian branch of the family spell their
name as Kerr, although the Roxburgh branch use Ker. Traditionally they were of Anglo-Norman origin and descend from
two brothers who settled in Roxburgh in the 14th century, but it is also
claimed that the name is derived from a Celtic word meaning 'strength'. The first recorded spelling of the family name is shown to be
that of Johannes Ker. This was was dated 1190, in the Episcopal Register of
the city of Glasgow, Scotland. Amongst
other early recordings of the name in Scotland is the mention William Ker,
who was witness to an agreement between the burgh of Irvine and Brice in
1205. In 1357, John Kerr obtained a
charter of all the lands and tenements in Auldountburn, and Robert Kerr of
Selkirk Forest, is mentioned in a charter of that year. The marriage of Margaret Kerr and Robert Haig in 1565 at
Bemersyde, in Roxburgh, Scotland.
In England the surname is first found in Lancashire and recorded in
circa 1200, in the charters of Rievaulx Abbey,
Yorkshire, where one Osbert de Ker is so recorded. Johannes del Kerre of Yorkshire, was listed in the Yorkshire
Poll Tax of 1379. Willelmus atte Karr
was documented in County Lancashire in 1400.
Another branch of the family in England, using the spelling Carr, acquired the earldom
of Somerset in 1613, when James I granted this title to Robert Carr
(1587-1645) to whom he had previously granted the confiscated lands of Sir
Walter Raleigh at Sherborne, Dorset, England. The Kerr/Ker/Carr surname was brought to Ulster in the 17th century by a number of settlers from Scotland, and England where it now ranks among the forty commonest surnames in Ireland. The largest number of these Kerrs settled in County Antrim but the name is found in all counties. Ireland was one of the earliest countries to evolve a system of hereditary surnames. They came into being fairly generally in the 11th century, and indeed a few were formed before the year 1000. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Early Immigrants to North America
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Variations
of the surname
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Throughout the centuries, surnames in every country have
continued to unfold and expand often leading to an overwhelming number of
variants. As such one
can encounter great variation in the spelling of surnames because in early
times, spelling in general and thus the spelling of names was not yet
standardized. Later on spellings would
change with the branching and movement of families. Spelling
variations of this family name include: Kerr, Keir, Car, Carr, Ker,
Cearr (Gaelic) and many others. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
The complexity of researching records is compounded by the fact
that in many cases an ancestors surname may also have been misspelled. This is especially true when searching
census documents. The Soundex Indexing System was developed in an effort to assist with identifying
spelling variations for a given surname.
Soundex is a method of indexing names in the 1880, 1900, 1910, and 1920 US Census, and can aid genealogists in
their research.
The Soundex
Code for Kerr is K600. Other
surnames sharing this Soundex Code: KARR
| KEAR
| KEHR
| KERR
| KOHR
| |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Searching for more Information about this and other surnames? |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Then take a look at our: |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Coat of arms
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
In the Middle Ages heraldry came
into use as a practical matter. It originated in the devices used to
distinguish the armored warriors in tournament and war, and was also placed
on seals as marks of identity. As far as records show, true heraldry began in
the middle of the 12th
century, and appeared almost simultaneously in several countries
of Western
Europe. In the British Isles the College of Arms (founded in 1483) is the Royal corporation of heralds who record proved pedigrees and grant armorial bearings. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Fig. 1 |
Fig. 2 |
ARMORIAL BEARINGS There are at
least many known associated
armorial bearings for Kerr/Ker/Carr and close variant spellings recorded in Reitstap’s Armorial General or Sir
Bernard Burke’s General Armory. The following additional information has
been found regarding the coats-of-arms shown at the left: Figure 1: granted to Ker of Chatto
in Roxburgh,
Scotland, this coat of arms features
a red shield with silver chevron on which there are three red stars, and a
crest displaying the sun in splendor; Figure 2: arms granted in 1637 to Sir Andrew
Kerr, and a descendent of Kerrs of Ferniehirst,
and Baron of the now extinct Baronet of Greenhead, then located within the Scottish Borders.
This coat-of-arms has a distinctive crest featuring a deers head; Figure 3: armorial bearings granted to Rev. Thomas Carr (1788-1859), then of Aghadoe, Antrim,
Ulster province, who descended from Sir George Carr, clerk of the
council of Munster,
who was son of William Carr, Esq., of Southey Hall in Yorkshire,
England. This coat of arms displays a
blue shield with a silver chevron between three silver stars with a crest of
a silver star. Motto.—Fida Clavo. Figure 4: coat-of-arms granted to a Carr of Scotland, as well as a Carr, or Carre of York and Bristol,
England. A difference with other similar Kerr / Carr designs is that his
displays three black mullets; Figure 5: armorial bearings purported to have
been granted to a Kerr of England. The white or silver shield is quartered by
a black cross with each quarter is a red rose as is found in the crest; Figure 6: these arms currently belong to Michael Kerr
the 13th Marquess
of Lothian; Figure 7: the most common badge of Clan Kerr,
it displays the sun in splendor with a red and white torse as found in many
Kerr coats-of-arms as well as the motto of Kerr in Lothian, Scotland.
Figure 8: arms granted to Carr of Ireland
whose motto is “tout droit”, it
displays the common Carr / Kerr design with the inclusion three pheons (arrowheads with
widely spread barbs) added into the red field. Figure 9: armorial bearings purported to have
been granted to a Kerr of Scotland. It
is similar to figure one except the shield contains a white outline. Figure 10: the Kerr clan dress tartan on the left and the hunting
tartan on the right. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Fig. 3 |
Fig. 4 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Fig. 5 |
Fig. 6 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Fig. 7 |
Fig. 8 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Fig. 9 |
Fig. 10 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
MOTTOES: The following listed mottoes and their translations are
attributed to: Carr / Ker / Kerr |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
SURNAME (Spelling) |
MOTTO (Latin) |
MOTTO (Translation) |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Carr |
Est
nulla fallacia |
There is no deceit |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Carr |
Pour
deserver |
To deserve |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Carr |
Pro
Christo et patria dulce periculum |
For Christ and my
country danger is sweet |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Carr |
Tout droit |
All right |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ker |
Abest
timor |
Fear is absent |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ker |
Deus
solamen |
God is my comfort |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ker |
Fortune
le veut |
Fortune so wills it |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ker |
J’avance
|
I advance |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ker |
Pro
Christo et patria |
For Christ and my
country |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ker |
Tout
droit |
All right |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ker |
Virescit
vulnere virtus |
Her virtue flourishes by her wound |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Ker |
Dulco
pro patriâ periculum |
Danger is sweet for
one’s country |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Kerr |
A
Deo lumen |
Light from God |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Kerr |
Deus
solamen |
God is my comfort |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Kerr |
Praise
God |
Praise God |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Kerr |
Sero
sed serio |
Late
but in earnest |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
A Coat of Arms
is defined as a group of emblems
and figures (heraldic bearings) usually arranged on and around a shield and
serving as the special insignia of some person, family, or institution. Except for a few cases, there is really no
such thing as a standard "coat of arms" for a surname. A coat of arms,
more properly called an armorial
achievement, armorial bearings
or often just arms for short,
is a design usually granted
only to a single person not to an entire family or to a particular
surname. Coats of arms are inheritable
property, and they generally descend to male lineal descendents of the
original arms grantee. The rules and
traditions regarding Coats of Arms vary from country to country. Therefore a
Coat of Arms for an English family would differ from that of a German family
even when the surname is the same. The art of designing, displaying, describing, and
recording arms is called heraldry. The use of coats of arms by countries,
states, provinces, towns and villages is called civic heraldry. Some of the more prominent elements incorporated into
a coat of arms are : |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Crest - The word crest
is often mistakenly applied to a coat of arms. The crest was a later development
arising from the love of pageantry.
Initially the crest consisted of charges painted onto a ridge on top
of the helmet. Wreath
or Torse – The torse is a twist of cloth or wreath underneath and part of a crest. Always shown as
six twists, the first tincture being the tincture of the field, the second
the tincture of the metal, and so on. Mantling – The mantling is a drapery
tied to the helmet above the shield. It forms a backdrop for the shield. Helm or Helmet - The helmet or helm is situated above the shield
and bears the torse and crest. The style of helmet displayed varies according
to rank and social status, and these styles developed over time, in step with
the development of actual military helmets. Shield or Arms - The basis of all coats of arms. At their simplest, arms consist of a shield with a plain field on which appears a geometrical shape or object. The items appearing on the shield are known as charges. Motto - The motto was originally a war cry,
but later mottoes often expressed some worthy sentiment.
It may appear at the top or bottom of a family coat of arms. |
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Direct ancestors
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Descendant Register Generation 1 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
James Kerr-1 was born on Abt. 1685 in
Scotland or Ireland. He died on 1770 in Augusta County, Virginia. He married
Martha Ball. She was born on Abt. 1685. Children of
James Kerr and Martha Ball are: John
Kerr, B: Abt. 1705 in Scotland, D: 12 Sep 1772 in Augusta County,
Virginia, 27 Mar 1730 in Lancaster
County, Pennsylvania; Chester. Elizabeth
Kerr, B: Abt. 1707 in Pennsylvania, D: Bet. 1746-1752 in Lancaster County,
Pennsylvania, M: 1735 in Pennsylvania. Samuel
Kerr, B: Bet. 1715-1723. William
Kerr, B: Bet. 1716-1722, D: Aft. 1782 in Rowan County, North Carolina?, Andrew
Kerr, B: Bet. 1718-1722, D: 1782 in Rowan County, North Carolina, M: Abt. 1740 in Augusta County, Virginia?. David
Kerr, B: 1719 in Chester County, Pennsylvania, D: Mar 1804 in Guilford
County, North Carolina, M: Bef. 1745. Eleanor
Kerr, B: Abt. 1720, D: Abt. 1781 in South Carolina?, M: 1738 in Pennsylvania. Lettica
Kerr, B: 07 Jan 1724 in Donegal Twp., Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania, D: 15 Jul
1773 in Staunton, Augusta Co., Virginia, M: 14 Jan 1749 in Augusta County,
Virginia. James Kerr, B: Bet. 1725-1726 in
Pennsylvania, D: Dec 1811 in Augusta County, Virginia, M: 13 Jan 1762 in
Augusta County, Virginia. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Generation 2 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Lettica Kerr-2(James Kerr-1) was born
on 07 Jan 1724 in Donegal Twp., Lancaster Co., Pennsylvania. She died on 15
Jul 1773 in Staunton, Augusta Co., Virginia. She married William Robertson on
14 Jan 1749 in Augusta County, Virginia, son of James Robertson and Rebecca
Royston. He was born on 05 Feb 1720 in Coleraine, Londonderry, N. Ireland. He
died on 17 Oct 1812 in Staunton, Augusta Co., Virginia. Children of
Lettica Kerr and William Robertson are: i.
Mary Robertson, M: 03 Apr
1798 in Augusta County, Virginia. ii.
Alexander Robertson. iii.
Ann Robertson. iv.
James Robertson. v.
Matthew Robertson, B:
Abt. 1747. vi.
Jane Robertson, B: 14 Sep
1750, D: 13 Nov 1823, M: Abt. 1770. vii.
Rebecca Robertson, B:
Abt. 1752 in Augusta County, Virginia?, D: Aft. 29 May 1808 in Blount County, Tennessee, M: Abt.
1770 in Augusta County, Virginia?. viii. Isabella
Robertson, B: Abt. 1754, D: 1813, M: 26 Dec 1780 in Virginia. ix.
Sarah Robertson, B: Abt.
1760. x.
Elizabeth Robertson, B:
06 Apr 1761 in Staunton, Augusta Co., Virginia, D: Aug 1838 in Cog Hill,
McMinn Co., Tennessee, M: 28 Dec 1784 in Staunton, Augusta Co., Virginia. xi.
Margaret Robertson, B: 31
Jul 1761, D: Abt. 1794, M: 04 Jul 1782. xii.
Lettica Robertson, B:
Bef. 1775, D: Aft. 1820. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Additional information about our DIRECT ANCESTORS as
well as a complete listing of individuals with this surname may be
reviewed by clicking on the following LINK. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Use this free
genealogy site to help you
get the best genealogy searches from Google™
by using your family tree, for your research. It
will create a series of different searches using tips or "tricks" |
|
that will likely
improve your results. The different searches will give you many different
ways of using Google and the Internet to find ancestry information about this
or any other Surname. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Ancestral
locations
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Researching
the locations where our ancestors lived has provided us with valuable
evidence needed to fill-in the gaps in our family trees. It has also led us to many interesting
facts that enhance the overall picture of each family group. The names of states and counties on the
following list were derived from the known places where the persons in the
“Direct Ancestors” list (see above) were born, married, and / or died. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
COUNTRY |
STATE |
COUNTY / SUBDIVISION |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
UNITED KINGDOM |
SCOTLAND
or N. IRELAND |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
UNITED STATES |
PENNSYLVANIA |
Lancaster
County |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
VIRGINIA |
Augusta
County |
||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Use this LINK to find out
more about the locations listed above. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Resources
which enhance our knowledge of the places inhabited by our ancestors are
almost as important as their names.
The LINK to
the right will take you to Maps, Gazetteers, and
other helpful resources
|
|
that will assist
in discovering Ancestral Locations.
These web sites comprise only a small portion of what
is available for researchers interested in learning more about where their
ancestors lived. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Click on the LINK to the right to see more information about the World distribution of this
surname. You can |
|
get greater detail for any of the following maps by clicking on the
area, i.e state, county that you are interested in. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Migration routes
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Tracing our own family’s paths of migration can prove crucial in identifying previous generations and eventually, figuring out where and how they arrived in the “New World” as well as where they eventually settled. Knowing the network of trails American pioneers traveled can help you guess where to start looking. The trail map(s) provided below may assist you in understanding the routes that our direct ancestors of this family may have taken to find new homes and opportunities in the vast area now encompassed by the United States. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania to Paxton Township, Pennsylvania
c.1707 – c.1737 James Kerr his wife and son John Kerr made the ocean voyage to America around
1707 and most likely arrived at the port of Philadelphia in Colony of
Pennsylvania. From here they moved west along the “Philadelphia Wagon Road” into Chester
County and settled in the locality of what is now East Donegal Township, in
Lancaster County. They lived at this
location until around 1737. Encouraged
by fellow emigrants, they first went westward form Lancaster County along the
“Great Wagon Road” to Paxton Township, near the later town of Harrisburg. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Paxton Township, Pennsylvania to Augusta County, Virginia, 1737 - 1739 The
journey of the Kerr family from here to Augusta County, Virginia began around
1738 when they pulled up stakes, loaded their horses with family goods, and
crossed the Susquehanna River then started south over the “The Great Warrior
& Trading Path” toward the cheaper lands in Virginia. Crossing the Potomac River by Williams’ or
Watkins Ferry, near the later site of Williamsport, they followed the narrow
footpath along the Shenandoah River.
Past occasional clearings in the forest of the Valley of Virginia,
they came after many days’ journey to a gap in an earlier trail, named
Buffalo Gap. There, seventeen miles southwest
of the valley near a way station that would eventually grow into the town of
Staunton, and later the county seat of Augusta county,
Virginia. The Kerr family settled at a
choice spot at the juncture of Christian's Creek, Long Meadow Run, and Middle
River. Here they
cleared land built a log house and began to develop a farm. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
NOTE:
for better view of this map use the following ZOOM feature - from the keyboard you can increase or decrease the zoom value in
10% increments. To zoom IN, press CTRL+PLUS SIGN. To zoom OUT, press CTRL+MINUS SIGN. To restore the zoom to 100%, press CTRL+0. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Look
in the “Source
Documents” gallery of this surname as we may have additional
detailed maps showing these migration routes. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Source documents
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
The documents contained within the “Source Documents Archives” have
been located during my research of this family, and used as evidence to prove many of the
facts contained within the database of this family’s record. Most
of these documents can be considered as primary or secondary evidence. Primary evidence
is usually defined as the
best available to prove the fact in question, usually in an original document
or record. Secondary evidence
is in essence all that evidence which is inferior in its origin to primary
evidence. That does not mean secondary evidence is always in error, but there
is a greater chance of error. Examples
of this type of evidence would be a copy of an original record, or oral
testimony of a record’s contents.
Published genealogies and family histories are also secondary
evidence. Classifying evidence
as either primary or secondary does not tell anything about its accuracy or
ultimate value. This is especially
true of secondary evidence. Thus it is
always a good idea to ask the following questions: (1) How far removed from
the original is it, (when it is a copy)?; (2) What was the reason for the
creation of the source which contains this evidence?; and (3) Who was responsible
for creating this secondary evidence and what interest did they have in its
accuracy? SOURCE: Greenwood, Val D., The Researcher’s Guide
to American Genealogy, 2nd edition, Genealogical Publishing Co., You are welcome
to download any of the documents contained within this archive. Should you encounter a problem obtaining a
copy you may get in touch with us via the contact information
found at the end of this page. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Use the
following LINK to view the source documents pertaining to this family. |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Web resources
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
This search engine may provide you with additional |
|
information to assist with your research about this topic. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Our SURNAME
LOCATOR AND RESOURCES
web page contains the following: (1) links that will take you to an updated listing of
all surnames as posted in our three databases at the Rootsweb WorldConnect
Project; (2) the Surname List Finder a tool that finds
sound-alike matches for a given surname from among RootsWeb's thousands of
surname lists; (3) the Soundex Converter that can be used to find the soundex code for a surname, plus other
surnames/spellings sharing the same soundex code; (4) Surname Message Boards the world's largest online genealogy
community with over 17 Million posts on more than 161,000 boards; (5) Surname
Mailing Lists of all surnames having
mailing lists at RootsWeb, as well as topics that include (6) Surname Heraldy,
and (7) Mapping a Surname. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Your
genealogy
research of this surname can be facilitated by use of SURNAME
WEB.
This website links to the majority of the surname data on the web, as well as
to individual family trees, origin and surname meaning if known, and many
other related genealogy resources. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
SURNAME
FINDER
provides easy access to free and commercial resources for 1,731,359 surnames.
On each surname specific "finder" page, you can search a variety of
online databases all pre-programmed with your surname. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Use ALL
SURNAMES GENEALOGY
to get access to find your surname resources
. There are almost 1300 links in this
directory. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Linkpendium Surnames - Web sites, obituaries, biographies,
and other material specific to a surname. Cyndi's List - Surnames, Family Associations & Family Newsletters
Index - Sites or resources dedicated to specific, individual
family surnames. FamilySearch.org
- Family History and Genealogy Records - The
largest collection of free family history, family tree and genealogy records
in the world. Top Genealogical Websites - These mighty roots resources compiled by “Family Tree Magazine”,
will give you the power to bust through research brick walls and find answers
about your ancestors—all from your home computer. SurnameDB
Free database of surname meanings - This site
SurnameDB.Com contains a large FREE to access database (almost 50,000
surnames) on the history and meaning of family last names. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
The following Link will take you to our library of
genealogy reference books. Here you
will find bibliographies,
family histories and books
about names. In addition, there are texts that pertain
to ethnic and religion groups, history, geography
as well as other books that will assist you with your research. Research Library – Table of Contents Go
directly to the collection for Names |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Images
gallery
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
During our
research we have collected images and photographs that are of general
interest to a particular family. Some
of them are presented on this website because we believe they tend to provide
the reader with additional information which may aid in the understanding of
our ancestors past lives. If you have any photographs or other
images relating to this ancestral
family we would greatly appreciate hearing from you. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Use the following LINKS to ascertain
whether we have any images that pertain to this family. |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
Free Image Search Help from Google |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
Use the power of Google™ to find more interesting images about
this topic. A Click on this button will link you to the Google Images
Search page. |
|
Enter
the topic you are searching in the box and click “Search Images”. At the “Images”
display page you will see the image, as well as the website of which it
is associated. |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Contact Information
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Snail
Mail: Fred USA |
|
Pony Express: Tom |
|||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
|
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
